某宾馆利用太阳能集中热水供应系统设计

随着人们生活水平的提高,对生活热水需求的激增促进了太阳能热水器的迅速发展。目前太阳能热水器的应用,主要还是以分户独立系统为主,未来太阳能热水系统的发展趋势是以集中式为主。针对该宾馆热水供应的要求和特点,为宾馆设计了利用太阳能提供热水的集中系统,进行了太阳能集热系统规划、设计计算和设备选型,为将来集中式太阳能热水系统的应用和发展提供参考。     

东北农户屋顶太阳能发电系统设计

为了提高太阳能发电的效率和太阳能发电系统的自动化程度,根据东北农户的特点,设计了可以自动追踪日光的太阳能发电自动控制系统。设计共分为三大部分,分别为太阳能发电系统、向光追日控制系统、自动清理系统。详细介绍了太阳能发电系统的基本组成和工作原理,给出了具体的设计方案。该系统自动化程度较高,并且满足了东北农户的能源需求,具有广泛推广的价值。     

太阳墙集热器干燥红枣的试验研究

根据红枣的物料特性和干燥工艺要求,设计研制了一套太阳能与辅助热源互补的太阳能干燥红枣的试验装置,采用太阳墙集热器加热空气,实现了对红枣的连续干燥作业.结果表明,干燥效果良好.新型太阳墙孔状吸热板的应用为空气集热器的设计开辟了一条新途径.     

太阳能干燥牧草逐日集热系统的研制

针对传统太阳能牧草干燥设备集热效率低、脱水率低的情况,设计一种新型太阳能牧草干燥集热系统, 该系统主要由蜗轮蜗杆、电磁阀、弹簧、衔铁、电磁铁、齿轮、工质流通管道、光敏元件等组成,能保持太阳光时刻垂直 照射集热器,增强集热器集热面积上的太阳辐射强度,从而提高太阳能集热器的效率和工质温度,缩短牧草的干燥 时间。通过试验,1 h内,该系统能将牧草的含水量从70%干燥至12%,而固定安装的集热系统只能降至24%。该系统 具有脱水率高、稳定性好等特点,可极大地提高干燥牧草的效率。     

Discovery of a Jupiter/Saturn analog with gravitational microlensing

Searches for extrasolar planets have uncovered an astonishing diversity of planetary systems, yet the frequency of solar system analogs remains unknown. The gravitational microlensing planet search method is potentially sensitive to multiple-planet systems containing analogs of all the solar system planets except Mercury. We report the detection of a multiple-planet system with microlensing. We identify two planets with masses of approximately 0.71 and approximately 0.27 times the mass of Jupiter and orbital separations of approximately 2.3 and approximately 4.6 astronomical units orbiting a primary star of mass approximately 0.50 solar mass at a distance of approximately 1.5 kiloparsecs. This system resembles a scaled version of our solar system in that the mass ratio, separation ratio, and equilibrium temperatures of the planets are similar to those of Jupiter and Saturn. These planets could not have been detected with other techniques; their discovery from only six confirmed microlensing planet detections suggests that solar system analogs may be common.     

新农村建设中太阳能采暖技术的应用

阐述了太阳能采暖技术应用现状,并结合北京郊区新农村建设实际工程,详述太阳能采暖系统的设计方案、特点及运行状况,分析了太阳能采暖系统的可行性和经济效益,探讨了太阳能地板采暖的社会效益和推广前景。     

A 15N-poor isotopic composition for the solar system as shown by Genesis solar wind samples

The Genesis mission sampled solar wind ions to document the elemental and isotopic compositions of the Sun and, by inference, of the protosolar nebula. Nitrogen was a key target element because the extent and origin of its isotopic variations in solar system materials remain unknown. Isotopic analysis of a Genesis Solar Wind Concentrator target material shows that implanted solar wind nitrogen has a (15)N/(14)N ratio of 2.18 ± 0.02 × 10(-3) (that is, ≈40% poorer in (15)N relative to terrestrial atmosphere). The (15)N/(14)N ratio of the protosolar nebula was 2.27 ± 0.03 × 10(-3), which is the lowest (15)N/(14)N ratio known for solar system objects. This result demonstrates the extreme nitrogen isotopic heterogeneity of the nascent solar system and accounts for the (15)N-depleted components observed in solar system reservoirs.     

一种带MPPT的温室太阳能发电系统设计

针对在温室应用的小功率太阳能发电系统光电转化率低和经济性差的问题,设计了基于增量电导法的温室太阳能发电系统。对系统中太阳电池、Boost电路进行分析,通过MATLAB/SIMULINK模块搭建仿真平台,同时进行仿真实验,验证了该温室太阳能发电系统具有稳态精度高、跟踪速度快、相对经济性好的优势。     

太阳能地板辐射采暖系统的设计研究

根据我国北方农村住宅相对分散和太阳能资源比较丰富的特点,以石家庄地区农村住宅为对象,提出了一种适合我国北方农村住宅的室内供暖系统——太阳能地板辐射采暖系统,并对该系统进行分析和计算。结果表明：在冬季农村地区,应用太阳能地板辐射采暖系统为室内供暖是可行的。     

日光温室光环境模拟系统的应用研究

日光温室光环境模拟系统实现了将复杂的、工作量巨大的模拟计算方法,转化为方便使用的辅助设计工具.日光温室光环境模拟系统能够生成日光温室建筑设计示意图,可以进行屋面形状参数计算与分析评价,能够进行指定时刻室内光辐射分析,为日光温室的参数优化和合理建造提供科学依据.     

Study on Drying Edible Soya-bean Oil Using Solar Energy

Soya-bean oil （bean dregs） was dried in a solar energy drying system. Characteristics of the process were measured and the corresponding curves were done. The practicability of this process has been discussed. The results showed that the solar drying system could completely meet technological requirements of drying soy-bean oil, and it was feasible in technology to use the solar drying system to dry the vegetable oil.     

The solar wind-magnetosphere-ionosphere system

The solar wind, magnetosphere, and ionosphere form a single system driven by the transfer of energy and momentum from the solar wind to the magnetosphere and ionosphere. Variations in the solar wind can lead to disruptions of space- and ground-based systems caused by enhanced currents flowing into the ionosphere and increased radiation in the near-Earth environment. The coupling between the solar wind and the magnetosphere is mediated and controlled by the magnetic field in the solar wind through the process of magnetic reconnection. Understanding of the global behavior of this system has improved markedly in the recent past from coordinated observations with a constellation of satellite and ground instruments.     

北方日光温室智能监控系统的设计与实现

建立日光温室智能监控系统,能够推动我国北方日光温室设施园艺现代化,对日光温室的智能监控有助于提高设施园艺的产量,实现对日光温室的现代化管理。针对中国北方日光温室设施农业环境数据的监测与环境控制需要,设计了一套以ST公司的STM32单片机为控制核心并符合北方日光温室环境的智能监控系统,该系统综合运用传感器技术,自动检测技术和通讯技术等实现对日光温室温度、湿度、光照度、CO2浓度的采集、存储、显示、监测和控制,并对采集到的温室环境因子数据进行了线性回归分析。完成了对环境温室的实时遥测,遥调和遥控,同时能提供各温室环境因子的历史记录和数据。运行结果表明:该智能监控系统运行稳定,测量结果准确可靠,扩展性强,可以满足控制要求,具有良好的应用前景。     

太阳能制冷低温储粮应用效果初探

从降低机械压缩式制冷低温储粮能耗及运行成本的角度出发,设计、建造了一台太阳能吸附式制冷系统,并将该系统在高温季节进行了低温储粮的实仓实验。测试结果表明:在夏秋高温季节,采用太阳能制冷系统冷却粮仓上部空气隔离层,可有效降低仓温,抑制粮温回升,实现准低温储粮。经济性分析表明太阳能制冷系统用于低温储粮的运行成本明显低于压缩式制冷谷物冷却机。     

The oxygen isotopic composition of the Sun inferred from captured solar wind

All planetary materials sampled thus far vary in their relative abundance of the major isotope of oxygen, (16)O, such that it has not been possible to define a primordial solar system composition. We measured the oxygen isotopic composition of solar wind captured and returned to Earth by NASA's Genesis mission. Our results demonstrate that the Sun is highly enriched in (16)O relative to the Earth, Moon, Mars, and bulk meteorites. Because the solar photosphere preserves the average isotopic composition of the solar system for elements heavier than lithium, we conclude that essentially all rocky materials in the inner solar system were enriched in (17)O and (18)O, relative to (16)O, by ~7%, probably via non-mass-dependent chemistry before accretion of the first planetesimals.     

新农村住宅中太阳能采暖研究

结合新农村住宅用综合能源价格法对太阳能地板采暖与常规热源进行经济效益对比,还对太阳能采暖进行节能效益分析、环保效益分析,得出太阳能采暖在新农村建设中值得推广的结论。     

基于AT89S52的智能型双精度太阳自动跟踪系统设计

为提高太阳能的利用率,以AT89S52单片机为控制核心,采取极轴式跟踪方式,设计了一套以视日运动轨迹跟踪为主、光电跟踪进行跟踪校正的智能型双精度太阳跟踪系统,该系统通过采集时钟芯片信息计算当前太阳位置,实现视日运动轨迹跟踪;同时利用光电传感器采集的光强偏差控制步进电机,实现光电跟踪,校正轨迹偏差,保证聚光板与太阳光相垂直。试验表明,该太阳跟踪系统能在不同天气状况下对太阳进行较准确跟踪,能量接收效率提高20%以上,达到了充分利用太阳能的目的。     

太阳能-热泵地板供暖系统的热经济性分析

建立了太阳能-热泵地板供暖系统的数学模型,以上海一300 m2的单体住宅为研究对象,分析了太阳能集热器的集热效率、面积及价格对太阳能-热泵地板供暖系统的热经济性的影响,为该系统的设计及应用提供了参考。     

太阳能热动力系统效率分析

通过对太阳能热动力系统"有效能"效率分析和讨论,提出了提高太阳能热动力系统效率的途径。     

农村建设中太阳能路灯综合效益评价研究

我国新农村建设中太阳能利用取得了快速发展,本文简要介绍了太阳能路灯系统的工作原理,结合某市循环经济示范村太阳能路灯系统的使用现状,采用费用-效益评价指标从经济、环境和社会效益3个方面对太阳能路灯系统进行综合评价与分析,得到太阳能路灯与普通路灯相比较,在经济上是可行的;安装太阳能路灯系统减少了对环境的污染,提高了可再生能源的利用价值,对于该旅游区的环境保护具有重大意义;对新农村建设新能源的利用,起到了很好的引导作用,为太阳能路灯系统大力推广提供一定的实践依据。