泊洛沙姆对鸡卵黄脱脂作用的研究

通过对鸡法氏囊高免蛋卵黄进行泊洛沙姆脱脂研究证明:泊洛沙姆对鸡卵黄具有良好的脱脂作用,并且具有脂类自然沉降速度快、对抗体影响小、简化工艺以及本身无毒、无害的特点,适合于卵黄的综合开发利用。     

泊洛沙姆对鸡卵黄脱脂作用的研究

通过对鸡法氏囊高免蛋卵黄进行泊洛沙姆脱脂研究证明：泊洛沙姆对鸡卵黄具有良好的脱脂作用，并且具有脂类自然沉降速度快、对抗体影响小、简化工艺以及本身无毒、无害的特点，适合于卵黄的综合开发利用。     

抗小鹅瘟卵黄抗体脱脂方法研究

通过对产蛋母鸡免疫接种小鹅瘟JS1株油乳荆灭活苗,从而获得含高效价小鹅瘟病毒抗体的鸡蛋.采用聚乙二醇6000和泊洛沙姆进行脱脂试验,并优化脱脂条件.结果表明,聚乙二醇6000和泊洛沙姆对鸡卵黄具有良好的脱脂作用,其中聚乙二醇6000价格低廉,更适合大规模工业化生产.     

注射用泊洛沙姆407温敏型原位凝胶的研究进展

注射用原位凝胶制剂是近年来缓释型注射剂领域的研究新热点。其中,以泊洛沙姆407为基质的原位凝胶研究较为成熟。综述介绍了泊洛沙姆407的性质、安全性及其用于制备注射用温敏型原位凝胶的研究进展,为相关的制剂研发提供一定的依据。     

卵黄平板凝集试验检测鸡白痢抗体的研究

卵黄平板凝集试验检测鸡白痢抗体的研究臧为民，王川庆（河南农业大学，郑州４５０００２）鸡白痢以往检疫和监测主要依靠全血平板凝集反应和血清平板凝集反应，这两种方法虽然简便、快速，但由于需要抓鸡采血，为了克服上述缺点，作者用卵黄代替全血和血清进行平板凝集反...     

禽流感卵黄抗体制备及其最佳沉降脱脂条件的确定

禽流感是由A型流感病毒引起的禽类的烈性传染病，常给养禽业带来灾难性的损失。一直认为控制禽流感的最好措施是全群扑杀，但是由于经济损失巨大，这一方法很难实施。目前，有些国家采用疫苗免疫预防禽流感，近年来在我国流行的低致病性禽流感H9血清亚型使用疫苗控制也取得了很好的效果。     

制备抗鸡传染性法氏囊病卵黄抗体方法的比较

近年来,传染性法氏囊病(IBD)在全国各地呈爆发性流行,造成了严重的经济损失。鉴于IBD疫苗免疫效果不够理想和应用不普及,而抗IBD高免卵黄抗体疗效显著等情况,我们选用了三种免疫方法制备抗IBD卵黄抗体,并比较了三种免疫方法制备的抗IBD卵黄抗体的消长规律。试验结果表明三种免疫方法均可用于抗IBD卵黄抗体的制备,但以两次佐剂组织灭活苗免疫法最好。现报告如下。1 材料和方法1.1 免疫鸡选用外观健康的卵黄中无细菌的海赛克斯蛋鸡作为免疫鸡。     

Effect of chicken egg yolk antibody against adipose tissue plasma membranes on carcass composition and lipogenic hormones and enzymes in pigs

Chicken egg yolk antibody against pig adipose tissue plasma membranes (AIgY) was raised and used in the present experiment to evaluate the effect of dietary AIgY supplementation on pig growth and carcass composition. 160 crossbred (Duroc–Jersey × Landrace·Meishan) pigs, with initial live body weight of 27.5 ± 2.4 kg, were treated with AIgY or non-immunized control egg yolk powder (NIgY) at the inclusion level of 75 mg/kg diet. Following a 104-day trial, the pigs were slaughtered for analyzing the carcass and meat quality traits. The perirenal, mesenteric and subcutaneous fat depots were weighed and the diameter of adipocytes from different fat depots was measured with histological methods. Serum concentrations of insulin and leptin as well as the activities of malic enzyme (ME) and lipoprotein lipase (LPL) in adipose tissue were measured. Dietary supplementation of AIgY enhanced average daily gain and feed efficiency by 13.03% (P < 0.01) and 7.49%, respectively, with no influence on feed consumption. AIgY increased the lean mass by 10.3% (P < 0.01) without affecting the dressing percentage. Backfat thickness at 6th–7th rib and the weights of perirenal, mesenteric and subcutaneous fat depots were reduced by 24.14% (P < 0.01), 27.27% (P < 0.05), 20.42% (P < 0.01) and 29.21% (P < 0.01), respectively. Dietary supplementation of AIgY reduced the size of adipocytes in all the three fat pads (P < 0.05). The meat color was improved whereas the marbling score, the intramuscular fat content, and pH₄₅ of the longissimus muscle remained unaffected. Serum concentration of non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) was significantly increased (P < 0.01) while urea-N content was reduced (P < 0.05). No alterations were detected for the serum levels of triacylglycerides (TG) and glucose. Serum concentrations of insulin and leptin were decreased by 26.19% (P < 0.05) and 26.53% (P < 0.05), respectively. LPL activity in adipose tissue was depressed significantly (P < 0.05) without affecting ME activity. This study demonstrates that dietary supplementation of AIgY can effectively improve growth and carcass composition of pigs and the changes of serum insulin and leptin levels as well as the tissue LPL activity may be involved in the acting mechanism.     

日粮月见草籽对鹌鹑蛋黄中脂肪酸的作用

通过饲养试验,在基础日粮中分别添加0%、8%1、0%、12%、15%的月见草籽(磨碎),研究不同添加量对鹌鹑蛋黄中脂肪酸的影响。选用150羽健康1日龄鹌鹑随机分成5组,每组设3个重复,每个重复10羽鹌鹑进行为期50 d的饲养。结果显示:添加月见草籽可明显增加鹌鹑蛋黄中不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)的含量(P<0.05),尤其是C18:2的含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。蛋黄中ω-6含量和日粮中月见草籽添加量之间呈现出显著的相关关系(P<0.05),其关系可用一次回归式Y=3.688 7 X+42.038(r=0.958 9)来表示。     

In vitro reactivity and growth inhibition of EPEC serotype O111 and STEC serotypes O111 and O157 by homologous and heterologous chicken egg yolk antibody

IgY is a chicken egg yolk antibody which has been used for treatment and prophylaxis of gastrointestinal infections. Our aim was to verify if IgY obtained from chickens immunized with EPEC O111, STEC O111 and STEC O157 is able to show in vitro reactivity and biological activity towards the three bacteria. IgY was obtained from eggs laid before and after immunization with each bacterium. The preparations of IgY anti-EPEC O111 and anti-STEC O111 shared high reactivity detected by ELISA and growth inhibition ability towards both bacteria EPEC O111 and STEC O111. Nevertheless, the preparation of IgY anti-STEC O157 showed high reactivity and growth inhibitory effect only towards the homologous strain. Our results showing in vitro biological activity of IgY reinforce its use as an alternative for the treatment or prophylaxis of E. coli infections and encourage the development of in vivo studies for a possible future human therapeutic use.     

Meta分析法研究亚麻籽对蛋黄中多不饱和脂肪酸的影响

为研究蛋鸡日粮中添加亚麻籽对蛋黄中多不饱和脂肪酸富集的影响,根据相关标准,采用人工和系统的检索方法检索相关文章,并用荟萃分析(Meta-analysis)的方法分析计算合并标准均数差(SMD)及95%置信区间(95%CI)。通过检索与筛选,共有8篇文章21个试验被纳入,共包括1390个研究对象。Meta分析的结果显示:蛋黄中亚麻酸(ALA)、二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)、亚油酸(LA)、总n-3多不饱和脂肪酸(n-3PUFA)、花生四烯酸(AA)、总n-6多不饱和脂肪酸(n-6PUFA)、n-6PUFA/n-3PUFA的SMD和95%CI分别为17.51(13.34,21.69)、5.39(4.22,6.55)、0.42(-0.39,1.23)、8.86(7.59,10.14)、-1.62(-2.54,-0.70)、-0.44(-0.97,0.08)和-5.22(-6.62,-3.82);混合线性模型的结果显示:DHA和n-3PUFA的异质性来源为亚麻籽添加剂量,蛋黄中ALA、AA、LA和n-6PUFA/n-3PUFA的异质性来源为亚麻籽的添加剂量和蛋鸡产蛋周龄。由分析结果可知,蛋鸡日粮中添加亚麻籽能显著提高蛋黄中的ALA、DHA及n-3PUFA的含量并能显著降低AA和n-6PUFA/n-3PUFA的水平,且富集水平受到亚麻籽添加剂量和蛋鸡产蛋周龄的影响。     

Correlation analysis of the total IgY level in hen serum,egg yolk and offspring serum

The correlation between IgY levels of the serum and the yolk has been well documented in wild and domestic birds. The levels of total yolk IgY can be an index of the general health status of birds and may contribute to breeding programs when fitness of the offspring is a concern. We measured the levels of total serum IgY and yolk IgY in three different breeds (White Leghorn, Silkie and Dongxiang blue-shell) using indirect ELISA, and found that there was a significantly positive correlation between the levels of total serum IgY and total yolk IgY in all three breeds (White Leghorn: r = 0.404, P < 0.001, n = 100; Silkie: r = 0.561, P < 0.001, n = 70; Dongxiang blue-shell: r = 0.619, P < 0.001, n = 30). We also measured the total serum IgY levels in the 3-day-old offspring hatched from the Silkie hens and results were significantly correlated for serum IgY levels (r = 0.535, P < 0.001, n = 70) and the yolk IgY levels (r = 0.481, P < 0.001, n = 70). The regression analysis showed simple linear regression between IgY levels in hen serum, yolk and offspring serum. Our results suggest that total IgY level could be used as an index for chicken fitness.     

Chicken egg yolk antibodies (IgY) as non-antibiotic production enhancers for use in swine production: a review

In recent years, the use of in-feed antibiotics for growth and disease prevention in livestock production has been under severe scrutiny. The use and misuse of in-feed antibiotics has led to problems with drug residues in animal products and increased bacterial resistance. Chicken egg yolk antibodies (IgY) have attracted considerable attention as an alternative to antibiotics to maintain swine health and performance. Oral administration of IgY possesses many advantages over mammalian IgG such as cost-effectiveness, convenience and high yield. This review presents an overview of the potential to use IgY immunotherapy for the prevention and treatment of swine diarrhea diseases and speculates on the future of IgY technology. Included are a review of the potential applications of IgY in the control of enteric infections of either bacterial or viral origin such as enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp., rotavirus, porcine transmissible gastroenteritis virus, and porcine epidemic diarrhea virus. Some potential obstacles to the adoption of IgY technology are also discussed.     

Purification of IgG from serum with caprylic acid and ammonium sulphate precipitation is not superior to ammonium sulphate precipitation alone

Immunoglobulin G (IgG) from bovine serum raised against Aeromonas Salmonicida was purified by ammonium sulphate precipitation (ASP) or caprylic acid treatment followed by ammonium sulphate precipitation (CAAS). Purity of IgG samples prepared by both methods were examined by High Performance Gel Permeation Chromatography, electrophoresis and antibody activity assay. Results suggest that IgG prepared by ASP is better than that obtained by CAAS method in terms of the yield of the IgG monomers and the recovery of the antibody activity.     

日粮中不同脂肪酸水平对鸡蛋胆固醇含量的影响

选用 200只达到产蛋高峰的新罗曼蛋鸡，研究日粮中不同脂肪酸含量对蛋黄中胆固醇含量的影响。结果表明，日粮中ω－ 6∶ω－ 3为 5（计算值）第 1组和第 2组的每克蛋黄中胆固醇的含量较正常日粮组成的第 4组降低了 9.1％和 9.7％（ P<0.05） 。     

Effects of caprylic acid and triacylglycerols of both caprylic and capric acid in rabbits experimentally infected with enteropathogenic Escherichia coli O103

Eighty-eight rabbits weaned at the age of 35 days were divided into four groups. Rabbits of the first two groups were fed a granulated feed, free of antimicrobials. Rabbits of the 3rd and the 4th groups were fed the same diet, supplemented with caprylic acid at 5 g/kg, and with triacylglycerols (TAG) of caprylic and capric acid at 10 g/kg, respectively. Rabbits of the 2nd, 3rd and 4th groups were challenged orally with 10(9) cells of Escherichia coli of the O103 serogroup. Numbers of coliform bacteria in faeces of non-infected rabbits averaged 4.66 log(10)cfu/g. Six days after inoculation, caprylic acid and TAG of caprylic and capric acid decreased faecal output of coliforms from 10.18+/-0.62 to 7.79+/-0.48 log(10)cfu/g and 8.04+/-0.50 log(10)cfu/g, respectively. In the 2nd, 3rd and 4th groups 15, 11 and 9 infected rabbits died, respectively. However, the differences in mortality rate were not statistically significant. Surviving rabbits were slaughtered at 53 days of age. In caecal contents of infected rabbits, numbers of coliform bacteria were significantly reduced from 8.71 log(10)cfu/g to 5.55-5.83 log(10)cfu/g in treated groups. It can be concluded that both antimicrobial lipids are active against coliform bacteria, and may improve the resistance of weaned rabbits to enterocolitis.