茶园排水设计中节能保水管理与控制

近年来在合理灌溉理论及节能政策的实施下,我国茶园排水设计工程启动了更新修复,运用了更加节水、现代化的智能设备进行园区的管理控制。基于此,为了进一步研发茶园地表及土壤排水智能工程的管控系统,本文主要对茶园排水设计中节能保水的管理与控制进行探究,以期实现茶园排水的科学化管理。     

浙江省“十二五”重大科技成果转化工程项目“现代茶园绿色防控技术应用与示范”通过验收

<正>本刊讯近日,由中国农业科学院茶叶研究所主持的浙江省“十二五”重大科技成果转化工程“十县五十万亩茶产业成果转化工程”项目“现代茶园绿色防控技术应用与示范”通过了专家验收。“现代茶园绿色防控技术应用与示范”项目从2012年开始在浙江省18个主要产茶县市区实施,为期4年。项目实施以来,建立了茶园绿色防控技术核心示范基地71个、面积     

茶梨间作生态茶园生产技术

高县地处四川省南缘，南有茶园7.42万亩，其中良种茶园2.72万亩，占36.66%。2005年生产各类茶叶3155吨，产值5659万元。茶业是高县农村经济的支柱产业。全县经认证的无公害茶园面积达2.35万亩，占31.67%，其中实施茶梨和茶林间作的无公害生态茶园2000亩，取得较好经济和生态效益的有500亩，实践证明，实施茶果间作不仅能改善茶园生态环境，还能显著提高茶园经济效益，是一项符合经济、环境、生态可持续的生态茶园建设技术。     

茶园大面积配方施肥的技术体系

本文在概述茶园配方施肥的基本内容和理论依据的前提下，总结各地经验，把我国茶园配方施肥归纳为4种基本方法，并逐一作了简介，同时对大面积茶园实施配方施肥提出了4条关键措施。     

三明市无公害茶叶生产实践与茶园生态问题及对策

2001年4月启动“无公害食品行动计划”。省农业厅1997年就开始组织实施无公害茶叶生产项目，三明列入全省10个示范点之一，通过七、八年的实施已取得阶段性成果。但是本该与无公害茶园建设协调并进的生态茶园建设在近些年来则出现了令人担忧态势。本文在回顾三明市无公害茶园建设历程的同时，对茶园生态存在的问题作简要剖析，旨在进一步深化茶叶安全生产，改善茶园生态环境，提高茶业综合效益。     

资讯·其他

安徽省政府出台促进茶产业发展意见为提振徽茶发展,安徽省政府日前专门下发了加快茶产业发展的意见。意见提出,从今年起,安徽省实施茶产业"241"振兴工程。未来5年,新开辟茶园20万亩,无性系良种茶园占全省     

浙江松阳茶乡推进茶叶产业健康发展

正近年来,新兴乡围绕茶叶主导产业,多措并举推进茶叶产业健康发展,实现了农业增效,农民增收的目标。实施茶产业质量安全提升工程。大力推广物理防治技术,一方面采用信息素诱捕,另一方面在茶园配套安装太阳能频振式杀虫灯6000多亩,提高了茶园的安全生产能力。同时,做好茶园统防统治工作,2011年,已经成立了统防统治合作社9家,纳入统防统治茶园面积7019.8亩。     

茶园绿色防控技术示范与应用课题取得阶段性进展

正本刊讯由中国农业科学院茶叶研究所主持,"浙江省十县五十万亩茶产业升级成果转化工程"项目之一的"现代茶园绿色防控技术示范与应用"课题,自2012年实施以来,取得了明显的进展。课题在浙江省18个茶叶主产县(市、区)实施,集成应用以茶园害虫诱集技术以及植物源、矿物源和微生物源病虫防治技术产品为主体,茶园田间管理措施、天敌保护技术和科学用药相配套的茶树病虫害绿色防控技术。同时,通过组建多形式的专业化统防统治模式,推进技术的     

众人同炒一锅茶 武阳茶香溢天下——武义县倾力打造名茶“航母”

武义县地处浙江中部，金衢盆地东南，金温铁路、金丽温高速公路穿越县境，拥有耕地面积23万亩，生态公益林54．6万亩，森林覆盖率72％，是个“八山半水分半田”的山区县。境内峰峦叠翠，山清水秀，土壤肥沃，气候温和，地理气候条件非常适宜茶树生长。现有茶园面积12．22万亩，其中良种茶园面积6．24万亩，良种化率51．1％，是浙江省产茶重点县和全省实施“有机茶工程”的试点县之一。     

退耕还林还茶以林养茶核心在于收缩茶园面积

１茶园要实行“三三制”森林资源是陆地生态的主体。森林环境的影响极为重要。生态平衡是人类生存、生产与生活的基本条件。朱基总理提出：“生态建设退耕工程晚干一天，损失就会加重一分，退耕还林工程的核心是为了减少水土流失，防止江河湖库淤积”。如果森林植物没有遭到严重破坏，洪灾可能性只有１７％。建国以后，茶叶销量猛增，又要出口换汇，２０００年，全国茶园面积１１１．６万h。我知道黔北情况，１９７７年，１３个县毁林开梯一个山头接一个山头，东种西调发展茶园１．６６万h，占全省茶园的３７．２％，到了１９９３年投产茶园…     

豫北优质大豆产业发展策略

针对豫北地区的大豆生产现状，从气候、土壤、品种、生态因素及市场需求等方面提出了优质大豆的发展策略与途径。     

Analysis of nutritional components of eight famine foods of the Republic of Niger

In the western Sahel, indigenous plants become important staples when cereal harvests are inadequate to support populations inhabiting that region of Africa. The purpose of this study was to assess the nutrient content of several of these edible wild plants. The leaves of the following seven plant foods were analyzed: Ziziphus mauritiana, Cerathotheca sesamoides, Moringa oleifera, Leptadenia hastata, Hibiscus sabdarifa, Amaranthus viridi, and Adansonia digitata. The fatty acid, vitamin E, carotenoid, selected mineral and amino acid contents of these plant foods were determined. These same analyses were performed on the fruit of the Adansonia digitata. In quantitative and qualitative terms, Amaranthus viridis was found to be an excellent source of protein. Its amino acid composition compared favorably to that of a World Health Organization (WHO) protein standard. It also contained considerable amounts of the two fatty acids that are essential in humans (linoleic and -linolenic) and a number of minerals including iron, magnesium, calcium and zinc. The leaves of Hibiscus sabdarifa contained an appreciable quantity of protein the composition of which was comparable to the WHO standard. The mineral content of the leaves of this plant was also exceptionally high; noteworthy was its high zinc content. H. sabdarifa also contained significant quantities of the two essential fatty acids. Ziziphus mauritiana was an excellent source of the essential fatty acid linoleic acid and several of the metals including iron, calcium, magnesium and zinc. Its content of other essential nutrients, however, was rather low. In general, Adansonia digitata leaves were nutritionally superior to the fruit of the tree; however, the fruit did contain useful quantities of potassium, phosphorus, zinc and -linolenic acid. The Leptadenia hastata leaves were an especially good source of lutein and -carotene. These data should be useful to the people who inhabit the western Sahel in helping them devise healthy diets during times when cereal staples are in short supply.     

狗牙根诱变后代抗寒性评价

通过电解质外渗法和匍匐茎恢复试验对‘阳江’狗牙根及其12个通过形态鉴定选出的坪用价值高且花序密度低的诱变后代进行抗寒性鉴定。电解质外渗法结果表明:诱变后代间的抗寒性具有较大差异,其叶片半致死温度(LT₅₀)的变异范围为-7.6～-0.2℃(最低值与最大值相差7.4℃);参试材料抗寒性由强到弱依次为M18>M4>M26>M28> M22>阳江>M29>M31>M10>M37>M16>M1>M25,其中,有5个诱变后代抗寒性优于亲本,分别是M18、M4、M26、M28、M22。匍匐茎恢复实验结果表明:诱变后代M1、M22、M26、M31、M25在0℃和-5℃低温胁迫后的恢复生长率都高于亲本,恢复能力均优于亲本;M10、M37、M28在-5℃低温胁迫下,恢复生长能力低于亲本,抗寒性相对较弱,M16和M4在0℃和-5℃低温胁迫下,恢复生长率都低于亲本,抗寒性明显弱于亲本。综合2种方法鉴定结果显示:诱变后代M1、M25的恢复能力较强;M4、M28的叶片抗寒性较好,青绿期较长;M22、M18、M26的叶片抗寒性和匍匐茎恢复能力均较强;M29,M31的叶片抗寒性和匍匐茎恢复能力与亲本相似;M10、M16、M37的叶片抗寒性和匍匐茎恢复能力均较弱,整体抗寒性较弱。     

吉林省平安农业科学院大豆所大豆研究工作报告

1　吉林省平安农业科学院大豆研究工作简介吉林省平安农业科学院大豆研究所 ,设在吉林省长春市西安大路种子大厦内。现有科技人员 6人 ,其中研究员 2人 ,农艺师 2人 ,技术员 2人 ,定向培养研究生 2人。大豆研究所的主要任务是选育稳产、高产、优质及抗病虫大豆新品种 ;同时密切     

Comparisons of methods of scheduling irrigations of potatoes

Irrigation of Netted Gem potatoes was scheduled during three growing seasons by three methods: (a) when plants displayed first visual symptoms of moisture stress, (b) when indicated by a soil moisture budget involving estimated evapotranspiration, and (c) on the basis of tensiometer readings of soil moisture suction. When the tensiometer method of scheduling was used, the mean yields of tubers were 55.0 and 25.8 cwt/acre (6160 and 2890 kg/ha) higher than those obtained with the other two scheduling methods. Methods did not affect the specific gravity of potatoes. Method (a) scheduled irrigations least frequently. Scheduling by the budget method was not always adequate because it was based on the assumption that the crop extracted water from a constant 4 ft (1.2 m) profile from planting to full vegetative growth. In one year the budget method scheduled the first irrigation earlier than necessary and delayed the second irrigation during a critical period of crop growth. From full vegetative cover to harvest the irrigation schedules were alike for both the budget and tensiometer methods.     

湖南沅陵4种绿茶品质成分分析

以长沙县高桥相同嫩度茶鲜叶原料采用卷曲形毛尖茶加工工艺制绿茶为对照,分别对沅陵县齐眉翠峰、凤娇碣滩茶、干发茶和军大坪茶4种绿茶的主要生化成分与感官品质进行初步分析。结果表明,沅陵4种绿茶的茶多酚总量28.76%~30.34%,游离氨基酸总量2.35%~3.22%,咖啡碱含量3.00%~3.63%,水浸出物含量37.26%~40.07%,可溶性糖总量5.46%~5.65%,可溶性蛋白含量1.50%~1.74%,类黄酮化合物总量1.16%~1.79%,叶绿素总量1.36%~2.01%,儿茶素总量13.53%~16.20%。与对照相比,4种绿茶的茶多酚、可溶性糖和儿茶素总量均高于对照,除齐眉翠峰外其余3种茶样水浸出物和叶绿素总量均高于对照,除干发茶外其余3种茶样类黄酮化合物总量均高于对照。     

Comparison of two methods of PCNB application for control of Rhizoctonia infection of potatoes

A broadcast application of PCNB (Terraclor) resulted in a reasonably uniform distribution of the chemical in the soil with the concentration decreasing in a linear fashion with increasing depth in the soil profile. A banded application resuluted in a considerably higher chemical concentration at the 4–6 inch depth than at the 0–2 or the 2–4 inch depths. The problem of the lack of uniformity of chemical distribution could probably be solved by altering nozzle placement and size and allow use of the band method of application to minimize grower cost. More complete disking in the case of the broadcast treatment would probably result in a relatively uniform distribution of the chemical but at higher cost to the grower. PCNB application rates of 10, 15 and 25 lbs per acre broadcast and 71/2, 10 and 121/2 lbs per acre in a band significantly reduced the severity ofRhizoctonia infection of Russet Burbank potatoes but did not increase potato yields significantly.     

Prediction of the digestibility of the diet of horses: evaluation of faecal indices

Data from in vivo digestibility trial with four to six horses fed twenty-seven forage-based diets are used to calculate prediction equations for the digestibility of dry and organic matter, based on the crude ash (CA), crude protein (CP) and crude fibre (CF) contents of diets and faeces. The most precise prediction of dry-matter digestibility (r.s.d. = 0.032, R²= 0.80) was derived from a multiple regression including faecal (CP, CF) and dietary parameters (CF). Among faecal parameters, CP was the best single predictor of both digestibility (r.s.d) = 0.040, r²= 0.63) and dietary CP content (r.s.d = 0.028, r²= 0.59). For biological reasons we propose a non-linear model that allows prediction of dry- and organic-matter digestibility from faecal CP Content with reasonable Precision (r.s.d = 0.038, 0.036, r²= 0.65, 0.74, respectively). This will be adequate for many studies, especially for free-living animals in rangelands.     

橡胶树丛枝病病原的抗血清制备与应用

以感染橡胶树丛枝病病原的长春花为材料,制备得到橡胶丛枝病病原菌抽提液,以抽提液为抗原免疫家兔,制备抗血清,经微量沉淀测定,抗血清效价为１：２０４８。应用橡胶丛枝病抗血清检测橡胶褐皮病,无症苗木检出率达３０％－３７％,可疑的褐皮病树检出率达８５．７％。