FTO基因单核苷酸多态性对和盈黑鸡屠体及生长性状影响的研究

为了探究脂肪量和肥胖相关(fat mass and obesity associated,FTO)基因多态性及其对鸡屠体性状和生长性状的影响,试验采用DNA测序检测鸡FTO基因编码区的单核苷酸多态性(SNP),并采用一般线性模型中的LSD法分析FTO基因多态性对和盈黑鸡屠体性状和生长性状的影响。结果表明:在FTO基因第5外显子和第7外显子上各检测到一个SNP位点,分别为g.57337C>A和g.64757T>G突变。g.57337C>A突变形成AA、AB和BB 3种基因型,g.64757T>G突变形成TT、TG和GG 3种基因型。g.57337C>A位点对和盈黑鸡屠体重、宰前活重、头重、胸肌重、腿肌重上、肝脏重、心脏重7个屠体性状有显著或极显著影响(P<0.05或P<0.01),对8,10,16周龄体重影响显著(P<0.05)。g.64757T>G位点对和盈黑鸡宰前活重、全净膛重、半净膛重、屠体重和翅重5个屠体性状有显著影响(P<0.05),对16周龄体重影响显著(P<0.05)。说明FTO基因g.57337C>A...     

TRHDE基因多态性与乌珠穆沁羊生长性状的关联分析

为探究促甲状腺激素释放激素降解酶（Thyrotropin Releasing Hormone Degrading Enzyme,TRHDE）基因多态性与乌珠穆沁羊群体生长性状相关性,获得与生长相关的遗传标记,本研究以乌珠穆沁羊为研究对象,利用Illumina OvineSNP 600K BeadChip对TRHDE基因rs412113254A>G、rs419271398A>C、rs430108666C>A、rs417938979G>A位点进行基因分型,分析突变位点与生长性状的相关性。结果显示：TRHDE基因4个突变位点在乌珠穆沁羊群体中均检测出3种基因型,且均处于哈代-温伯格平衡状态（P>0.05）,rs412113254A>G位点在乌珠穆沁羊群体中属于低度多态（PIC<0.25）,rs419271398A>C、rs430108666C>A、rs417938979G>A位点均属于中度多态（0.25G位点可显著影响乌珠穆沁羊4月龄体重和胸围,可显著影响6月龄体重、胸...     

杜洛克猪繁殖性状的相关分析

杜洛克猪繁殖性状的相关分析唐美秧唐先桂刘艳书尹杨帆（湖南天心实业总公司长沙种猪场长沙４１０００４）６０日龄窝重是反映母猪繁殖力的一项重要经济性状,该指标的高低对养猪业的经济效益有着直接影响。因此,如何提高６０日龄窝重是目前养猪生产的重要问题。由于与６...     

杜洛克公猪活体肌内脂肪含量与重要生长性状的相关性分析

为研究杜洛克公猪肌内脂肪含量与重要生长指标的相关性,试验通过B超测定了738头杜洛克公猪活体肌内脂肪以及重要的生长性状,结果表明:肌内脂肪与180日龄体重、背膘厚、眼肌面积均呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),相关系数分别为0.334、0.510和0.267;眼肌面积与初生重、180日龄体重、背膘厚呈极显著正相关(P<0....     

大白猪MC4R、CDC16基因多态性及其与生长性状的关联分析

本研究旨在利用高分辨率熔解曲线(high resolution melt,HRM)分型方法检测大白猪黑素皮质素受体(melanocortin-4 receptor,MC4R)和细胞分裂周期蛋白16(cell division cycle 16,CDC16)基因的多态性,并对其与大白猪的生长性状进行关联性分析。试验共采集246头大白猪的耳组织样提取基因组DNA,对小群体样本进行PCR扩增后,通过测序方法寻找两个基因在该群体中的多态性位点,针对已发现的多态性位点设计HRM专用引物,利用HRM方法对大群体进行多态性检测,将所得结果与大白猪生长性状进行关联性分析。结果表明,在MC4R基因序列中检测到1个突变位点2207A>G,2个等位基因:A和G,3个基因型:AA、AG和GG;在CDC16基因第18外显子上检测到了1个突变位点837T>C,2个等位基因:T和C,2种基因型:TT和CT。χ~2适合性检验结果显示,2个基因的基因型频率和等位基因频率在2个种群中分布差异不显著,符合Hardy-Weinberg平衡定律(P>0.05)。多态信息含量(PIC)分析显示,MC4R基因在2个群体中均处于中度多态(0.25相似文献   

奶山羊GHRHR基因遗传多态性及其与生长性状的关联分析

利用PCR-SSCP、PCR-RFLP技术检测668只关中和萨能奶山羊GHRHR基因遗传多态性及其与生长性状的关联分析,结果表明GHRHR基因存在4个SNP多态.关联分析表明:P3位点的基因型与2个奶山羊品种的部分生长性状(体高、体长、胸围)存在显著差异(P<0.05).     

绵羊FUT8基因多态性及其与生长性状的关联分析

【目的】研究岩藻糖基转移酶8(fucosyltransferase 8,FUT8)基因g.74522417 C>T位点多态性及其对绵羊生长性状的影响,为绵羊分子育种筛选新的遗传标记。【方法】采用Sequenom MassARRAY~? SNP分型技术、Illumina OvineSNP 600K BeadChip及Illumina OvineSNP 50K BeadChip芯片检测技术对湖羊(n=992)和乌珠穆沁羊群体(n=333)FUT8基因g.74522417 C>T位点进行分型,并将其多态性与湖羊和乌珠穆沁羊的生长性状进行关联分析。【结果】FUT8基因g.74522417 C>T位点在乌珠穆沁羊和湖羊群体中均检测出3种基因型：CC、TC和TT。群体遗传分析表明,g.74522417 C>T位点在乌珠穆沁羊和湖羊群体中均处于中度多态(0.25T位点在乌珠穆沁羊和湖羊群体中均处于哈代-温伯格平衡状态(P>0.05)。关联分析结果表明,FUT8基因g.7452241...     

大白猪FST基因多态性与生长和繁殖性状的关联分析

本实验旨在研究卵泡抑素（FST）基因多态性与猪生长、繁殖性状的关系,为母猪生长、繁殖性能提供新的遗传标记。选用大白猪为实验对象,采用DNA混池测序对猪FST基因多态位点进行筛选,利用GenoPlexs?基于多重PCR的靶向测序基因型分型技术对候选单核苷酸多态性（SNP）进行分型,并与大白母猪出生重、达100 kg时的生长性能（日增重、背膘厚、体重日龄、眼肌面积和眼肌厚）、母系指数、父系指数、繁殖指数、出生乳头数、终身繁殖性能（总产仔数、产活仔数、死胎数、产仔窝重、仔猪21日龄窝重和妊娠期）进行关联分析。结果显示,在FST基因中筛到3个单碱基突变,分别为g.32808636G>A、g.32809116A>G、g.32809757T>A。其中g.32809116A>G为同义突变,突变后未改变FST基因mRNA二级结构。FST基因的g.32808636G>A、g.32809116A>G、g.32809757T>A 3个位点完全连锁遗传（D’=1,R2=1）,且表型值完全相同,对父系指数、出生乳头数、终身产仔窝重、死胎数、100 kg眼肌面积和眼肌厚有...     

猪MSTN基因的多态性和生长性状关联分析

基于肌肉生长抑制素(Myostatin,MSTN)基因结构及功能研究报道,将其作为猪生长发育性状的候选基因进行多态性检测与关联分析,旨在为猪分子遗传标记提供依据。本研究以长白猪、大白猪、杜长大、通城猪、莱芜猪、五指山猪6个不同猪种基因组DNA为模板,通过克隆测序鉴定MSTN基因启动子区、第1内含子区、第2内含子区、第1外显子区、第2外显子区及3′UTR区SNPs位点;以长白猪和杜长大2个试验猪群为材料,利用基质辅助激光解吸飞行时间质谱法对MSTN基因进行SNP分型。建立最小二乘法分析模型,利用SAS软件分析数据。结果表明:在6个猪种76个个体中,共筛选出16个SNPs,其中有4个位于启动子区,5个位于第1内含子,7个位于第2内含子,在外显子1、外显子2和3′UTR区域并未检测到SNP位点。对MSTN基因的4个SNPs位点(P1、P3、P4、P5;其中P1、P3、P4位于启动子区,P5位于内含子1区)的生长性状关联分析显示,P4和P5 2个位点的多态性与猪生长性状显著相关(P<0.05)。P4和P5 2个位点具有作为分子标记辅助猪育种的潜在应用价值。     

Effect of VRTN gene polymorphisms on Duroc pig production and carcass traits,and their genetic relationships

The thoracic vertebral number is associated with body length and carcass traits, and represents one of the most important traits in the pig industry. Recent studies have shown that vertnin (VRTN) gene is associated with variations in the vertebral number in commercial European pigs. However, the genetic relationships and effect of this VRTN gene in pig production and carcass traits remain uncertain. Therefore, we investigated the genetic relationships among traits such as vertebral numbers, carcass weight and length‐related traits, and meat production traits, and the effect of VRTN gene polymorphisms on these traits in a Duroc purebred population selected for its meat production traits. Highly positive genetic correlations were obtained between the thoracic vertebral numbers and length‐related traits (0.56 to 0.84), whereas low correlations were obtained with production traits and carcass weight (?0.16 to 0.05). VRTN gene polymorphisms indicated that the number of thoracic vertebrae and length‐related traits were significantly associated with the VRTN genotype, but had no significant effect on production traits and carcass weight. The results indicate that VRTN gene may be used as an effective selection marker to obtain pigs with high thoracic vertebral numbers and length‐related traits, without adversely affecting meat production traits.     

The relationship between leptin gene polymorphisms and reproductive traits in Jersey cows

The aim of the study was to analyse the relationship between three leptin gene polymorphisms, and indices of reproductive performance--age at first calving, days open, calving interval, number of inseminations per conception, and gestation length in Jersey cattle. A total of 219 cows were tested for the R4C, A59V and C(-963)T mutations using the PCR-RFLP technique. The following allele frequencies were found: R4C--0.80 (C) and 0.20 (T), A59V--0.67 (C) and 0.33 (T), C(-963)T--0.83 (C) and 0.17 (T). The statistically significant correlation (P < or = 0.05) was found only for the A59V mutation. Cows with the TT genotype were characterized by shorter calving interval and time of days open than animals with CT and CC genotype. Also, the number of inseminations per conception was lower in A59V--TT homozygotes compared with two other genotypes. The association analysis did not reveal any significant correlations for both R4C and C(-963)T polymorphisms.     

Palliative therapy of osteochondrosis dessicans in a Duroc boar

A 2-year-old, 210-kg, Duroc boar manifested with a grade II–III left front lameness. The boar was treated systemically with isolfupredone acetate and a 5-week course of ketoprofen. The lameness resolved and the ketoprofen was discontinued; however, the lameness returned and the boar was euthanized humanely. Postmortem examination was consistent with osteochondrosis dessicans.     

Relationship between perilipin genes polymorphisms and growth,carcass and meat quality traits in pigs

The perilipins (PLIN) belong to a family of structural proteins that play a role regulating intracellular lipid storage and mobilization. Here, PLIN1 and PLIN2 have been evaluated as candidate genes for growth, carcass and meat quality traits in pigs. A sample of 607 Duroc pigs were genotyped for two single‐nucleotide polymorphisms, one in intron 2 of the PLIN1 gene (JN860199:g.173G>A) and the other at the 3′ untranslated region of the PLIN2 gene (GU461317:g.98G>A). Using a Bayesian approach, we have been able to find evidence of additive, dominant and epistatic associations of the PLIN1 and PLIN2 polymorphisms with early growth rate and carcass length. However, the major effects were produced by the dominant A allele at the PLIN2 polymorphism, which also affected the carcass lean weight. Thus, pigs carrying an additional copy of the A allele at the g.98G>A PLIN2 polymorphism had a probability of at least 98% of producing carcasses with heavier lean weight (+0.41 kg) and ham weight (+0.10 kg). The results obtained indicate that the PLIN2 polymorphism could be a useful marker for lean growth. In particular, it may help to reduce the undesired negative correlated response in lean weight to selection for increased intramuscular fat content, a common scenario in some Duroc lines involved in the production of high quality pork products.     

Associations between polymorphisms in the chicken VIP gene,egg production and broody traits

1.?In this study, the vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) gene was screened for variations by cloning and sequencing to analyse the association with chicken egg production and broodiness traits.

2.?Sequencing revealed that 69 polymorphisms were found in a 9305-bp length of the chicken VIP gene, of which 39 were located in introns, 28 in 5′ regulatory region, 1 in exon 6 (synonymous) and 1 in 3′-UTR. The nucleotide diversity corrected for sample size was 1·96 × 10^?3.

3.?Five polymorphisms, C-3134T, “AGG” indel at ?2648 to ?2650, C + 338T, G + 780T and A + 4691G, were genotyped in 644 individuals of Ningdu Sanhuang chickens to evaluate their effects on egg production and broodiness traits. Marker-trait association analyses showed that the “AGG” indel was associated with total number of eggs from 90 to 300 d of age and total number of qualified eggs from 90 to 300 d of age. In contrast, C + 338T was associated with duration of broodiness.     

生长激素基因多态性与猪部分生产性能的关系

采用PCR-RFLP对南昌白猪(117头)和大约克夏猪(361头)的GH1基因的-119bp～+486bp进行了扩增,并用HhaⅠ酶切,产生4个等位基因:C1(605bp)、C2(498bp+107bp)、C3(449bp+156bp)和C4(449bp+107bp+49bp)。分析了不同基因型对平均初生重、2月龄体重、6月龄体重、料重比、校正背膘厚、平均背膘厚和瘦肉率等生产性能的影响。结果表明,在南昌白猪中,C2C2基因型猪的2月龄体重比C1C1基因型猪的大,差异显著(P<0.05)。在大约克夏猪中,C3C3基因型猪的初生重最小,与C2C4基因型猪的相比,差异极显著(P<0.01);C2C4基因型猪的6月龄体重最大,与C2C3和C3C3基因型猪的相比,差异显著(P<0.05)。     

Genetic correlations between male reproductive traits and growth traits in growth performance tested Duroc,Landrace and Yorkshire breed boars

Male‐related traits at 180–225 days of age for 6464 grow‐finish performance tested boars were measured from 2000 to 2016. Heritability estimates and genetic correlations among average daily gain, feed efficiency, back fat thickness, teat counts, mounting libido, leg locomotion, penile length, sperm motility, sperm concentration and total sperm counts were estimated by VCE software using a multiple traits animal model in each breed. Growth‐tested boars had heritability estimates of male reproductive traits in 0.34–0.56 of teat counts, 0.12–0.20 of libido, 0.08–0.12 of locomotion, 0.17–0.58 of penile length, 0.04–0.21 of sperm motility and concentration, 0.17–0.30 of total sperm counts. Total sperm counts were genetically positively correlated with penile length in all breeds. Boars with higher total sperm counts had genetically better libido and locomotion. Genetic correlation between feed efficiency and sperm motility and feed efficiency and sperm concentration were positive in Duroc and negative in Landrace and Yorkshire. Sperm motility and concentration were genetically negatively correlated with average daily gain in Yorkshire. Male reproductive traits of imported breeds could be improved with care in the change of growth traits, especially in Yorkshire.     

Relationship between Mycoplasma hyosynoviae infection and front limb weakness in Duroc swine

A relationship between degree of Mycoplasma hyosynoviae infection and front limb soundness was examined in 254 Duroc swine. These pigs represented 3 lines of pigs (structurally sound, control, and unsound) from a population divergently selected for 4 generations for front limb soundness. Analysis of sera collected every 4 weeks between 6 and 26 weeks of age yielded complement-fixing antibody titers that were believed to be indicative of the degree of natural infection with M hyosynoviae. Analysis of several variables defined by using titer values failed to reveal significant differences among the 3 selected lines, but trends indicated higher mean and peak titer values for pigs from the unsound line. Correlations between titer variables and front limb soundness variables within genetic groups were low and not significantly different from zero. Correlations between all titer variables were calculated; the correlation between mean titer and peak titer was 0.81 (P less than 0.01), and between mean titer and age at detection of first titer, was -0.56 (P less than 0.01). Pooled heritability estimates were 0.51 +/- 0.28 for mean titer and 0.28 +/- 0.25 for peak titer.     

Association between IGF-I, IGF-IR and GHRH gene polymorphisms and growth and carcass traits in beef cattle

Molecular biology techniques are of help in genetic improvement since they permit the identification, mapping and analysis of polymorphisms of genes encoding proteins that act on metabolic pathways involved in economically interesting traits. The somatotrophic axis, which essentially consists of growth hormone releasing hormone (GHRH), growth hormone (GH), insulin-like growth factors I and II (IGF-I and IGF-II), and their associated binding proteins and receptors (GHRHR, GHR, IGF-IR and IGF-IIR), plays a key role in the metabolism and physiology of mammalian growth. The objectives of the present study were to estimate the allele and genotype frequencies of the IGF-I/SnaBI, IGF-IR/TaqI and GHRH/HaeIII gene polymorphisms in different genetic groups of beef cattle and to determine associations between these polymorphisms and growth and carcass traits. For this purpose, genotyping was performed on 79 Nellore animals, 30 Canchim (5/8 Charolais+3/8 Zebu) animals and 275 crossbred cattle originating from the crosses of Simmental (n=30) and Angus (n=245) sires with Nellore females. In the association studies, traits of interest were analyzed using the GLM procedure of SAS and least square means of the genotypes were compared by the Tukey test. Associations of IGF-I/SnaBI genotypes with body weight and subcutaneous backfat were significant (p<0.05), and nearly significant for longissimus dorsi area (p=0.06), with the BB genotype being favorable compared to the AB genotype. No significant associations were observed between this polymorphism and weight gain or carcass yield (P>0.05). The IGF-IR/TaqI and GHRH/HaeIII polymorphisms showed no association with production traits.