3例猫短暂性心肌增厚病例的诊治

3只猫在进行不同手术后出现了呼吸急促症状,为了对其所患疾病进行诊治,采取一般临床检查、血细胞分类计数、血液生化指标、X射线、心脏超声检查,并根据诊断结果进行治疗。结果表明：3只猫均存在心肌肥厚、左心房扩张,初步诊断为肥厚性心肌病(HCM)或短暂性心肌肥厚(TMT),同时3只猫都伴有不同程度的心源性肺水肿,在进行了吸氧和利尿的治疗后症状缓解,随后以HCM的治疗方案进行管理,在之后的心脏超声复查中,3只猫的心脏结构及功能均恢复正常,预后良好。3只猫最终确诊为短暂性心肌增厚。说明当年轻猫经历了能使猫应激的前驱病史后被诊断为有充血性心力衰竭的HCM表型时,TMT应当被纳入鉴别诊断。     

动物肥厚性心肌病--人类疾病理想模型

动物肥厚性心肌病的临床所见、心脏超声波图、肉眼组织病理、冠状小动脉变化、胶原纤维组织变化等 ,与人类肥厚性心肌病非常相似 ;遗传学分析 ,人类及猫肥厚性心肌病均为家族性常染色体显性遗传类型。动物肥厚性心肌病可为理想模型来研究人类疾病 ,而且动物肥厚性心肌病小冠状动脉病变与人类冠状动脉粥样化血管切除或皮下血管内腔扩张术后小冠状动脉再阻塞相同 ,可为人类疾病之模型。尤其猪心脏血行、生理及形态均与人类心脏相似 ,故猪肥厚性心肌病实为人类肥厚性心肌病研究之理想动物模型。     

1例猫肥厚性心肌病的诊治

猫肥厚性心肌病(HCM)是宠物临床上最常见的一种心脏病,患猫发病前几乎没有任何症状,一旦发病则可能出现心力衰竭和血栓性栓塞等症状,甚至突然死亡。本文报道了一只9月龄中华田园猫,通过临床症状、SNAP检查、实验室检查以及心动超声检查等进行综合诊断,确诊该猫患有肥厚性心肌病。对其进行保守的药物疗法,患猫预后不良。     

猫肥厚型心肌病与心肌纤维化

肥厚型心肌病是猫最常见的原发性心脏疾病,典型特征为心脏左心室肥厚。心肌纤维化是猫肥厚型心肌病的标志性病理变化,其可导致心脏功能障碍和节律异常,是心肌病患猫预后不良的重要因素。对于猫肥厚型心肌病与心肌纤维化,目前缺乏针对性治疗,新型治疗方法亟需开发。本综述总结了猫肥厚型心肌病的病理特征以及目前关于猫心肌纤维化发病机制的研究进展,拟通过探索心肌纤维化的发病机制,从而为猫肥厚型心肌病新型治疗药物的开发寻找突破点。     

一例猫肥厚性心肌病继发腹主动脉血栓的诊断及中西医结合治疗

9岁雄性已去势狸花猫1只,按时免疫驱虫,2018年9月28日后肢突然无力,且呕吐,于发病后1 h就诊,发病前未见明显异常,为了对该患猫所患疾病进行诊治,试验采用临床检查、心电图检查、B型超声波检查进行确诊,并根据检查结果进行治疗。结果表明:该猫双后肢瘫痪,后肢脚垫发绀,触诊有疼痛感,无后肢股动脉脉搏;心电图检查提示窦性心律,未见明显异常;B型超声波检查结果提示左心室壁增厚,左心房扩张,腹主动脉分叉处有血栓,确诊为猫肥厚性心肌病继发腹主动脉血栓。经行长期针灸、艾灸及中成药治疗,结合预防、溶解血栓西药及心脏病药物治疗后,患猫病情得到有效控制,运动机能基本恢复。说明通过中西医结合治疗猫肥厚性心肌病有较好的疗效。     

一例猫肥厚性心肌病的诊治体会

正最近,浙江大学圆正动物医院曾收治一例猫肥厚性心肌病疑似病例。患猫呼吸困难、食欲下降、精神沉郁。经血液与影像学检查初步诊断疑似为肥厚性心肌病。经抽取胸水与吸氧治疗后,病情好转。日后,病情反复,经与畜主商议进行了安乐。1基本信息家猫,两岁,体重3.5 kg,雌性,免疫驱虫完全,半年前曾有坠楼史,因食欲废绝,呼吸困难来院就诊。2诊断经过2.1临床检查患猫营养状况良好,精神沉郁,呼     

一例FIV伴发多种疾病的病例分析

猫免疫缺陷病毒(FIV)属慢病毒亚科,在体内感染T淋巴细胞、巨噬细胞和脑星形胶质细胞,可感染猫潜伏几年后发病。FIV如伴发猫白血病或猫杯状病毒(FCV)等感染,则危害更大。以下就笔者接触到的一例FIV伴发FCV、慢性肾病(CKD)和肥厚性心肌病(HCM)的治疗和分析。     

一例猫肥厚性心肌病导致充血性心力衰竭的诊治

1只异国短毛猫因表现精神萎靡、呼吸急促及运动不耐受等症状，主人怀疑其患有心脏病来我院就诊。通过常规临床检查、实验室检查及影像学检查最终确诊为因肥厚性心肌病导致充血性心力衰竭。随即对该猫进行急诊救治，在救治中怀疑出现医源性急性肾损伤，经过一系列治疗后，病情得到缓解。4个月后电话回访，患猫死亡。     

猫肥厚性心肌病疑似继发动脉栓塞的诊治

1例8岁雄性已去势家养波斯猫就诊前1周因肩部肿物进行外科切除手术,术后1周拆线,回家后发现猫左前肢腕关节着地跛行,呼吸急促,随后带回医院检查。临床症状主要表现为可视黏膜发绀,呼吸急促,跛行及患肢脚垫发绀;X线检查可见心脏轮廓增大,心脏边缘不清以及肺水肿等变化;心脏超声检查可见左心室壁增厚和/或左心房增大,存在收缩期运动性左流出道阻碍。心脏超声是诊断猫肥厚型心肌病较为有效的检查手段,发病早期及时采取吸氧、利尿、溶栓、控制心脏病等有效治疗措施,该患猫预后良好。     

猫肥厚型心肌病生物标志物的应用现状和研究进展

肥厚型心肌病是猫常见的心脏疾病,目前其临床诊断和治疗管理均存在一定的挑战。生物标志物是近年来新兴的心脏病临床诊断工具,通常操作简便快捷,与心脏病常规诊断技术联合使用,可为疾病的诊断、监测和预后提供更多信息。本文归纳了心脏生物标志物在猫肥厚型心肌病诊疗中的应用现状和研究进展,旨在为生物标志物在猫肥厚型心肌病中的临床应用提供循证医学依据,为猫心肌病相关的新型心脏生物标志物的开发提供理论参考。     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.     

不同样本商品蜂蜜中硒含量的测定

用硝酸和高氯酸消化蜂蜜,使硒游离出来,在微酸性环境下,硒和2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)生成有较强荧光的物质,用环己烷萃取,在激发波长378nm,荧光波长518nm处测定其荧光强度。蜂蜜中硒含量范围:0.10～0.82μg/g。表明:蜂蜜应视为天然富硒营养品。     

乳酸杆菌益生作用机制的研究进展

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物。本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制。乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道。文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分（表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖）与肠道受体（Ｃ型凝集素受体、Ｔｏｌｌ样受体和 Ｎｏｄ样受体）,阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制。     

中华人民共和国农业部公告 第267号

为贯彻落实《兽药生产质量管理规范》(简称《兽药GMP》),进一步推动兽药GMP实施进程,我部制定了《兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法》,现予公告。本公告自2003年6月1日起施行。附件:兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法二○○三年四月十日第一章 总则 第一条 为推动《兽药生产质量管理规范》(以下简称兽药GMP)的实施,规范兽药GMP检查验收工作,制定本办法。 第二条 农业部负责全国兽药GMP管理和检查验收工作;负责制修订兽药GMP检查验收管理规定;负责兽药GMP检查员队伍建设和监督管理工作,负责国际兽药贸易中GMP互认工作。 …     

鸡败血支原体垂直传播模式及其阻断方法

以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.