通过分子标记辅助选择培育优良食味水稻新品种南粳46(英文)

为培育食味品质优良、综合丰产性好的粳稻新品种,本研究以高产粳稻品种武香粳14作母本,以食味品质优良粳稻品种关东194(含有控制低直链淀粉含量和暗胚乳的突变基因Wx-mq)作父本配制杂交组合.通过比较Wx-mq与其位于第6染色体上的等位基因Wx-b,Wx-a,wx的DNA序列,发现Wx-mq基因的外显子4和外显子5上存在两个碱基突变,外显子4上的G-A突变产生了NIaⅢ的酶切位点,并设计合成了能区分含或不含Wx-mq纯合基因型和杂合基因型的CAPS标记.利用该标记对武香粳14/关东194衍生的F_5、F_6株系进行辅助选择,筛选含Wx-mq纯合基因型的单株.成熟后对胚乳淀粉性质的调查结果与分子检测结果完全一致,分子标记辅助选择效果达100%.这样我们就成功培育了食味品质优良、综合丰产性好的粳稻新品种南粳46.     

Fine mapping of qSS‐9, a major and stable quantitative trait locus,for seed storability in rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Seed storability in rice (Oryza sativa L.) is an important agronomic trait. We previously showed a quantitative trait locus of seed storability, qSS‐9, on chromosome 9 in a backcross population of ‘Koshihikari’ (japonica) / ‘Kasalath’ (indica) // ‘Koshihikari’. In this study, fine mapping of the chromosomal location of qSS‐9 was performed. Effect of ‘Kasalath’ allele of qSS‐9 was validated using a chromosome segment substitution line, SL36, which harboured the target quantitative trait loci (QTL) from ‘Kasalath’ in the genetic background of ‘Nipponbare’ under different ageing treatments in different environments. Subsequently, an F₂ population from a cross between ‘Nipponbare’ and SL36 was used for fine mapping of qSS‐9. Simultaneously, four subnear isogenic lines (sub‐NILs) that represented different recombination breakpoints across the qSS‐9 region were developed from F₃ progeny. Finally, the qSS‐9 locus was located between the Indel markers Y10 and Y13, which delimit a region of 147 kb in the ‘Nipponbare’ genome. These results provide a springboard for map‐based cloning of qSS‐9 and possibilities for breeding rice varieties with strong seed storability.