引进种猪发生猪附红细胞体病的诊治报告

附红细胞体病是一种猪、牛、羊、犬和人共患的传染病,以黄疸、贫血、发热为主要特征。其病原是附红细胞体,属于立克次氏体目,无浆体科,附红细胞体属,寄生于家畜红细胞、血浆和骨髓。本病不同年龄和品种的猪均有易感性,仔猪的发病率和病死亡较高,在应激因素(如：长途运输、饲养管理不良、更换饲料、气候恶劣等)的作用下,可使感染猪只大批发病,表现出明显的临床症状,并出现死亡。     

A Serological Survey for Swine Vesicular Disease in Denmark

Pig sera from Danish breeding centres were examined for occurrence of antibodies to swine vesicular disease virus using the counter immunoetlectro-phoresis test (GIET) and the serum neutralization test (SNT). Nine hundred and ten serum samples from 28 breeding centres were tested using the SNT and the GIET in parallel, whereas in a survey of 2062 samples from 218 herds the GIET was used for initial screening. GIET positive samples were subsequently assayed by the SNT. It was concluded that of the 2962 samples tested none had significant content of specific antibody to swine vesicular disease virus, although cross reacting antibody could be demonstrated in some cases.     

Swine Vesicular Disease in Great Britain

The State Veterinary Service in Great Britain has encountered considerable difficulty in eradicating SVD. For the last four years confirmed outbreaks have been mainly confined to one region, linked directly to outbreaks in that region, or have occurred as isolated cases related to the feeding of swill. The surveillance effort to locate subclinical disease has far surpassed that of any other country.

There is no doubt that the introduction of SVD into any country which adopts a stamping-out policy for FMD and does not vaccinate, could present similar problems to those experienced by Great Britain.

     

“猪瘟和非洲猪瘟的综合防治措施”专栏(四) 非洲猪瘟

1 非洲猪瘟的定义 非洲猪瘟(African Swine Fever,ASF)是猪的一种高度传染性病毒病,该病毒的某些毒株可引起严重的疾病和高死亡率.现在,钝缘蜱属(Ornithodoros)昆虫可以成为非洲猪瘟病毒的传染媒介,临床上非洲猪瘟应该与猪瘟进行鉴别诊断.     

Treatment of Edema Disease of Swine

Antihistamine (Allermin) was used sucessfully in the treatment of naturally occurring edema disease of swine under the field and laboratory conditions. A high recovery rate (88.8%) was obtained in the group of pigs with mild clinical signs. The intravenous route of Allermin administration had definite beneficial value. The release of histamine induced by circulating immune-complexes may be responsible for the clinical signs characteristic of edema disease.

Three pigs that recovered clinically following the Allermin treatment were examined histologically. Fibrinoid persisted in the vascular walls at least 30 days after the initiation of the treatment. The fibrinoid vasculitis, generalized eosinophilia at the tissue level, and favorable response of pigs to antihistamine treatment suggest that edema disease may be caused by allergy.

     

猪病防治与养殖技术

非洲猪瘟流行背景下,猪肉价格上涨,严重影响人们的正常生产生活,需要对原有的饲养管理方式做出动态化调整,确保生猪养殖产业向着生态健康安全方向转变,以此控制非洲猪瘟疫情等传染性疾病发生流行,确保生猪养殖安全。该文主要探讨生猪养殖技术要点和疫病防治措施。     

猪水肿病的成因及发病机制

猪水肿病(ED)由肠毒血症大肠杆菌(ETEEC)引起.在母源抗体IgA下降、饲料中蛋白质含量过高、缺硒和过食等诱因的刺激下,猪肠道内大肠杆菌迅速繁殖,依靠定植因子粘附到肠粘膜细胞上,并产生SLT-Ⅱe毒素.SLT-Ⅱe是一种热不稳定蛋白质,它能与血管内皮细胞和平滑肌细胞上的受体结合,阻碍细胞内蛋白质合成,造成血管损害而致水肿.     

Coagulation Abnormalities in 22 Cats with Naturally Occurring Liver Disease

Twenty-two cats with liver disease were evaluated for coagulation abnormalities including alterations in prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, thrombin time, factor VII activity, and platelet count. The purpose of the study was to determine the prevalence of coagulation abnormalities in this population of cats, classify abnormalities according to underlying pathogenesis, and determine if serum biochemical parameters typically used as indicatiors of liver disease showed any correlation with the coagulation abnormalities present. Study results indicated that at least 1 coagulation abnormality was present in 82% of the cats. Prolongation of prothrombin time was most common (16/22 cats) and factor VII activity was below reference range (<60%) in 15 cats. When classified according to underlying pathogenesis, vitamin K deficiency was the most common abnormality found (11/22). Other abnormalities were less common and included hepatic synthetic failure (3/22), indeterminate (3/22), and disseminated intravascular coagulation (1/22). Increase in alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity was the only biochemical abnormality that showed statistically significant correlation with coagulation abnormalities ( P = .023). Cats with marked increases in ALP activity were more likely to have coagulation abnormalities than those with only mild increases in ALP activity.     

猪腹泻疫病诊断与防治

近年,人们对高品质猪肉制品的需求量不断增加,直接促进了生猪养殖产业的发展。目前我国生猪养殖不断向集约化、规模化方向发展,养殖数量不断增加。但在生猪养殖中,很多养殖户盲目注重扩大养殖规模,不注重生猪疫病科学防治,导致很多传染性疾病,尤其是腹泻疾病的发病率呈现逐年升高趋势。养殖场的猪群一旦发生腹泻疫病,常会给养殖户带来巨大经济损失,制约生猪养殖产业的进一步发展。     

猪传染性水疱病的综合防治

猪传染性水疱病是由滤过性病毒引起的猪的一种急性、热性、接触性传染病,此病病毒是肠道病毒属的水疱病毒。它的抗酸、抗碱能力较强,75%的酒精对它无杀灭作用,2%的热火碱水4小时方可杀灭病毒。此病对养猪业产生了巨大的损失,因此,能够有效防治此病的发生对于养猪业来说显得至关重要。     

猪副嗜血杆菌病诊断与防治

猪副嗜血杆菌病作为对猪群生长发育带来严重危害性的一种细菌性传染疾病,不仅导致猪群质量下降,降低生猪养殖产业的经济效益。猪副嗜血杆菌病不会造成猪群较高的死亡率,但是对猪群在生长发育中的抵抗能力下降,极易感染多种传染性疾病,导致症状复杂,不利于疾病的诊断。该文主要对猪副嗜血杆菌病的诊断展开分析,论述流行特点、病例变化、临床症状等,并总结猪副嗜血杆菌病的防治方法。     

猪水肿病发病机理研究进展

猪水肿病主要发生于断奶后2周内的仔猪,是常见的一种急性致死性传染病。该病是由利用其菌毛(F18ab)黏附于小肠上皮细胞,并产生类志贺样毒素Ⅱ型变异体(SLT-Ⅱe)的产类志贺毒素大肠埃希菌引起的一种肠毒血症。仔猪断奶后的免疫能力,营养水平和遗传抗性是导致猪水肿病的主要影响因素。文章着重阐述了猪水肿病的致病机理,为该病的预防和治疗提供重要的理论依据。     

仔猪水肿病及其综合防治

对仔猪水肿瘤的流行状况、发病机制、症状、病理变化进行了详尽的论述，并提出了仔猪水肿病的综合防治技术。     

实验性猪口蹄疫免疫病理形态学研究

选用健康仔猪13头,分成4组:健康对照组2头,健康攻毒组5头,免疫组和免疫攻毒级各3头。健康攻毒组经皮下注射猪口蹄疫病毒(FMDV);免疫组和免疫攻毒组均经皮下接种猪口蹄疫牛皮肤细胞弱毒苗(FMD-BC),观察1个月后,前者扑杀,后者再攻FMDV,1个月后扑杀。结果:健康攻毒组5头仔猪均出现口蹄疫(FMD)典型的临床症状和病现学变化,其淋巴结、脾脏不同程度的变性、坏死和出血,淋巴小结减少和缩小,淋巴细胞稀少,浆细胞呈坏死性变化,酯酶阳性(ANAE~ )细胞和次级淋巴小结均减少;免疫组未见任何FMD病理学变化,主要见全身各部位淋巴结及脾脏不同程度地增大,尤以肩前、髂下和脾门淋巴结更为显著,其淋巴小结显著增多、增大,淋巴细胞活化,大、中淋巴细胞增多,以过渡型和未成熟型浆细胞为主,ANAE~ 细胞和次级淋巴小结均增多;免疫攻毒组的变化与免疫组相似。     

河北省“猪高热病”主要病原分析

对2006～2009年河北省“猪高热病”的主要病原进行了调查分析。结果表明,猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒（PRRSV）、猪圆环病毒Ⅱ型（PCV-2）、猪伪狂犬病毒（PRv）、猪瘟病毒（CSFV）、副猪嗜血杆菌（HPS）、胸膜肺炎放线茵（APP）、链球菌（S．S）、大肠杆菌（E。coli）、沙门氏菌（Sal．）和巴氏杆菌（Pro）的总检出率分别为64．52％、30．27％、11．26％、6．13％、3．10％、2．58％、1．46％、1．11％、1．08％和0．10％。其中高致病性猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒（HP—PKP．SV）和经典猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒（C—PV．P．SV）总检出率分别为60．92％和3．60％。HP—PRIKSV同其他病原体混合感染比较普遍,感染以二重感染、三重感染为主。总之,河北省“猪高热病”的主要致病病原是HP-PRRSV,并多与PCV-2、PRV、CSFV、HPS、APP、E．cold、S．S和Sal．、Pm等病原体中的-种或几种病原混合感染或继发感染-种“综合症候群”型疫病。     

养猪生产疫病控制中存在的问题及对策

当前，养猪市场形势虽然十分看好，但生猪疫病发生率却显著上升，导致养猪经济效益下降．严重制约养猪业的发展。为此，笔者进行调查分析，找出了当前生猪生产疫病控制中存在的问题及对策。     

猪免疫抑制病的发病特点与防控措施

1 猪免疫抑制病的发生因素与种类 免疫抑制性因素主要通过损伤免疫组织器官或影响免疫细胞活性,干扰抗原的递呈,抑制或阻断免疫抗体的形成等途径导致机体抗病能力下降或免疫应答不完全,造成低致病力的病原体或弱毒疫苗也叮能感染发病。这些因素通常可使各生产阶段的猪经常发生异常的疾病而变得消瘦,甚至死亡,以遭受分娩、初生、断奶、运输等应激的猪只为重;     

SLA与免疫抗病的研究进展

猪主要组织相容性复合物(SLA)与免疫应答和一些疾病抗性密切相关,对其免疫遗传机制的深入探讨是多年来的研究热点。随着分子生物学和基因工程技术的发展,从遗传选育角度提高猪对病原的抗性,开展抗病育种具有治本的功效。本文就SLA与免疫应答、寄生虫、黑色素瘤的关联分析以及体外重构SLA分子4个方面的研究进展加以阐述,为进一步探讨SLA与抗病遗传育种等功能研究提供了参考。