沙棘在我国干旱半干旱地区生态农林业建设中的重要性

沙棘在我国干旱半干旱地区生态农林业建设中的重要性赵汉章（中国林业科学研究院林研所）沙棘（ＨｉｐｐｏｐｈａｅｒｈａｍｎｏｉｄｅｓＬ．）是胡颓子科沙棘属的灌木或亚乔木。分布在东经２°～１１５°，北纬２７°～６８°５０′的欧亚大陆广大地区。在中国主要分布在...     

半干旱地区沙棘园施肥试验

对甘南县甘南林场6年生沙棘园连续2年进行了施肥试验,结果表明:施肥与不施肥相比差异极显著,其结实量与生长量均有显著提高,施肥可使结实量提高126.5%,树高生长量提高70.6%,地径生长量提高22.8%,冠幅生长量提高29.4%;以施用林业育苗专用肥效果最佳,使用磷酸二氢钾或木醋叶面肥也有显著效果。     

在半干旱地区营造沙棘的体会

沙棘具有抗干旱、耐水湿、抗严寒,抗风沙,耐盐碱、耐瘠薄等特性.属胡颓子科沙棘属,是一种落叶灌木或亚乔木,是干旱地区造林绿化的理想树种之一.     

黄土高原半干旱地区武沟乡沙棘栽培技术和综合效益的分析

镇原县武沟乡有10个行政村,95个自然村,2395户,10878人,总土地面积148.7平方公里,粮田面积6.43万亩,人均6亩。境内梁峁起伏,沟壑纵横,海拔1500—1600m,沟底至梁峁相对高度200—250m。年均降雨量460mm,干旱、霜冻、多风,无霜期120天。植被稀疏,水土流失严重,年侵蚀模数7000—8000t/km~2,水肥短缺,农业生态脆弱,粮食产量低而不稳,燃料,肥料严重不足,依靠国家回销粮救济和烧畜粪,铲草皮,滥垦荒,超载放牧等来维持生活的需要及简单再生产,故素有“三缺三愁”之说,     

适合山西干旱半干旱地区栽培的沙棘树种

沙棘属于胡颓子科落叶灌木或小乔木,耐寒、耐旱、耐土壤瘠薄与盐碱,萌生和繁衍能力很强,是改良土壤和水土保持的优良树种。介绍了适合山西干旱半干旱地区沙棘育苗、造林技术。     

干旱半干旱地区沙棘良种引种造林的初步研究

未棘具有广泛的生态功能和珍贵的经济价值。1996年以来，从黑龙江省浆果研究引进了俄罗斯和蒙古培育的果大，少刺，丰产沙棘新品种10多个，经4年育苗造林对试验和对引种品种的生长，百果重，产果重，棘刺数，抗性等特性表现的综合评价表明：楚伊品种在宁夏干旱半干旱地区生长表现好，其次为向阳，橙色，浑金，阿甘亚卡，阿珠拉，这些品种适宜有本区栽培。雄株阿列伊在本区表现出较好的适应性。     

辽西半干旱地区沙棘扦插繁殖技术

沙棘是我国干旱半干旱地区重要生态—经济型树种,在广大山区及丘陵区生态建设和提高农民收入方面起着重要作用。研究适合干旱半干旱地区沙棘优良品种的繁殖方法,对加快沙棘产业的发展意义重大。文章以辽西半干旱地区为例,总结沙棘硬枝扦插繁殖、嫩枝扦插繁殖生产中的技术要领,为该地区沙棘产业发展及生态环境建设提供实用技术参考。     

寒温带半干旱地区沙棘育苗技术

1 播种育苗 1.1 育苗地的选择 育苗地应选择地势较平坦,土壤通透性好、有水源、交通便利的地方,最好是沙质壤土.     

半干旱地区中国沙棘旱地育苗试验及抗旱造林技术

针对宁夏南部半旱地区缺乏水分供给的情况，经过试验沙棘在年降雨350mm以上的旱耕地上发芽生长良好。尤其是通过对于地块选择、施肥要求、整地方式以及苗期管理等技术的实践观测，最后总结提出比较科学的旱作育苗造林方法。     

Role of traditional beliefs of Baima Tibetans in biodiversity conservation in China

Baima Tibetans, a unique ethnic group inhabiting the hilly regions of the southern tip of Gansu Province, possess ancient religious beliefs and rich traditional knowledge. Baima Tibetans have developed their culture, traditional beliefs, knowledge, customs and resource use systems through their productive activities and living practices over many generations. These have played a critical role in conserving local biodiversity, including the giant panda, and preserving the livelihoods of local inhabitants. People in the local Baima community have a great sense of self-identity that is related to their traditional beliefs and knowledge. They possess a strong recognition of the role that traditional beliefs play in protecting their villages and conserving the wealth of biodiversity. Consequently, Baima peoples respect their traditional ways and the customary regulations of the village that relate to the conservation and use of natural resources. Biodiversity conservation and community development have faced challenges in Baima Tibetan communities in recent times, which are largely due to the imposition by external actors of a powerful development model based on modern scientific knowledge and technologies, a model that usually neglects the role that traditional religious beliefs, production practices, and local governance systems play in biodiversity conservation and community development. In this paper we analyze of these issues on how the Baima Tibetan people's traditional knowledge, practices, and local institutions may be better utilized to meet biodiversity conservation and community development needs in the future.     

浅谈沙棘在保护路基及绿化方面的作用

利用生物措施保护公路基及绿化不但节约开支，而且达到了美化、绿化公路的作用。沙棘与杨、柳、榆伴生不仅保护目的树不受人、畜危害，同时又促进了伴生树种的生长，用沙棘栽植绿篱比榆树绿篱耐旱、耐剪、抗性畜啃食、冬季有果起到美化效应，更重要的是减少修路的投资。     

建德市生物多样性保护规划探讨

生物多样性水平是一个地区生态环境建设的重要标志之一.在分析浙江省建德市生物多样性现状的基础上,提出了生物多样性保护的规划原则、目标和布局,为丰富建德市物种多样性、遗传多样性、生态系统多样性和景观多样性,构建人与自然和谐的生存环境创造有利条件.     

国外城市生物多样性保护的几种途径

简要论述了城市生物多样性的概念、价值以及城市发展对生物多样性的影响,着重介绍了国外城市在生物多样性保护中的一些有借鉴意义的方法和途径。     

西双版纳生物多样性保护战略研究(英文)

西双版纳具有珍贵的热带雨林，生物多样性丰富，素有野生动植物宝库之称。作者通过 论述自然地理特征，剖析了其生境复杂性；通过系统研究主要植被类型及珍稀物种，阐明了 该区生物多样性的主要成分和价值；通过对生物多样性保护现状的评价，揭示了保护实践中 潜在的危机和问题。本文通过借鉴现代保护生物学理论和国内外的创新经验，提出了该区生 物多样性保护的4条首要战略，以期建立良性互动机制，促进生物多样性保护与利用的有机 结合，有效提高当地民众生活水平，以相对减少林区居民对于资源过分依赖性。     

城市生物多样性保护规划探讨

依据生物多样性方法和原理,从植物和动物2个方面探讨了城市生物多样性保护规划的内容,提出城市生物多样性保护中值得关注的问题。应根据绿地的功能和生境类型进行植物配置,构建以自然群落为基础的人工群落,是城市绿地系统中植物多样性保护的重点。通过规划栖息地和建设生态廊道的方法可以有效地进行动物多样性保护工作,该文对城市生物多样性保护规划的编制有参考价值。     

生物多样性保护现状及发展趋势

生物多样性是人类赖以生存的生物资源,是经济得以持续发展的基础。工业革命以来的200多年,人类经济发展在数量和规模上取得了令人瞩目的成就,创造了前所未有的物质财富,但资源和能源的过度消耗,破坏了生态平衡和人类赖以生存发展的地球环境,致使生物多样性受到严重威胁。如何保护生物多样性、保护人类共有的家园已经成为当前国际国内共同关注的话题,各国都积极采取了保护生物多样性行动,并开展了一系列研究工作。     

干旱半干旱黄土丘陵区沙棘营林技术措施

宁夏固原原州区地处干旱半干旱的黄土丘陵区，沙棘以独特的适应性，在当地营林取得成功，其主要技术措施是：采取水平沟、鱼鳞坑等形式，做好雨季前的整地；春秋两季栽植，春季适时早栽，秋栽在土壤封冻前20天进行；加强幼林抚育；合理平茬复壮及做好病虫害防治等。     

Community structure and biodiversity in plantations and natural forests of seabuckthorn in southern Ningxia, China

Two types of sampling plots of seabuckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides) communities were investigated in Pengyang County of Ningxia region by a typical sampling method to study the characteristics of community structure and biodiversity. Composition and dominant species of each community were analyzed by the importance value of species as an index. The number of individuals and the importance value, as well as Sorensen’s similarity coefficient, Shannon-Wiener diversity index, Pielou’s evenness index and Simpson’s dominance index, were used as indices to compare characteristics of community structure, similarity and biodiversity between plantations and natural forests of seabuckthorn. The results indicate that the importance values of species of natural seabuckthorn communities were dispersed and the difference between dominant species was not statistically significant. Diversity indices of natural seabuckthorn communities reflected by species richness and evenness were higher than that of plantations. Com-munity structure of natural seabuckthorn forests is more complex. We propose that natural forest can be used as sample to guide se-lection of plant species in silviculture in order to improve biodiversity of plantation.