应用荧光定量PCR筛选绵羊肺炎支原体最适生长培养基

为筛选绵羊肺炎支原体(Mo)最适生长培养基,针对Mo 16S rRNA基因设计特异性引物FQs/FQa,建立可定量检测Mo 16S rRNA基因FQ-PCR方法,通过检测不同培养时间各Mo培养液中Mo Y98株核酸含量,比较Mo于不同培养基中培养特性,以筛选Mo最适生长培养基。结果,以Broth-ame与TSB1培养Mo 7,10和14 d时Mo核酸检测值较高,较Frey-ame、PPLO-ame更适合Mo生长。本研究为后续Mo生物学特性分析奠定了基础。     

3种定量检测绵羊肺炎支原体方法的比较

本研究采用改良Thiaucourt's培养基培养绵羊肺炎支原体(Mycoplasma ovipleuneniae, MO)临床分离株SC01,收集不同时间的培养物,分别用颜色变化单位(CCU)法、浊度法及实时荧光定量PCR(Real-time PCR)法进行定量,并绘制MO生长动态曲线。CCU检测结果显示,接种后0～4 h为SC01的迟缓期,4～16 h为对数生长期,lg CCU/mL 最高达到10.7000±0.4700,16～20 h为稳定期,20 h以后进入衰亡期;浊度法定量检测结果显示,SC01培养物经过5倍浓缩后的D_{420 nm}随着培养时间延长逐渐上升,2 h时为0.0028±0.0002,4～12 h D_{420 nm}增加较缓慢,而12～24 h增加最快,24 h最高达到0.8609±0.0045,以后则趋于稳定;Real-time PCR法检测结果显示,SC01的拷贝数随着培养时间延长平稳上升,2 h时lg 拷贝/mL为4.5889±0.0048,在30 h时lg 拷贝/mL达到7.6165±0.1089。相关性分析结果表明,在迟缓期和对数生长期,CCU法与Real-time PCR法、CCU法与浊度法、Real-time PCR法与浊度法对MO的定量检测结果高度相关,相关系数分别为0.967、0.720和0.849,而Real-time PCR法和浊度法对MO的定量检测结果则在2～30 h内均高度相关,相关系数为0.912。经对检测所需时间及精确度等方面综合比较,本研究认为Real-time PCR法具有快速、准确及易标准化等特点,可以取代CCU法和浊度法用于MO的定量。     

绵羊肺炎支原体灭活疫苗的研制

绵羊肺炎支原体引起绵羊及山羊非典型肺炎,分布广泛,危害严重。本试验旨在研制绵羊肺炎支原体灭活疫苗。采用改良Thiaucourt's培养基对绵羊肺炎支原体临床分离株SC02进行培养,收集生长滴度达10⁹ CCU/mL的培养物,浓缩20倍后灭活,制备油佐剂疫苗。选择绵羊肺炎支原体抗体阴性的6月龄健康山羊经颈部皮下接种该疫苗5.0 mL/只(2×10¹⁰ CCU/mL),免疫后21 d,试验组与对照组山羊经气管接种绵羊肺炎支原体强毒Y98株5.0 mL/只(≥2×10¹⁰ CCU/mL),测量体温、观察临床症状,并于攻毒后30 d剖检,观察肺脏病理变化。结果表明,试验组5只山羊均获得免疫保护,全部精神状况良好,临诊和剖检均未见异常;对照组5只山羊出现咳嗽、发热、流鼻涕等症状,剖杀后见肺脏组织有典型的肺炎病理变化。本研究结果表明,该疫苗对山羊有良好的免疫保护作用。     

绵羊肺炎支原体的分离与鉴定

绵羊肺炎支原体是一种引起羊传染性胸膜肺炎的病原微生物,它不仅能感染绵羊同时也可感染山羊,发病率和死亡率较高,易给养羊业造成较大损失。近年来,内蒙古境内羊传染性胸膜肺炎也多有发生,为了查明病原,分别在内蒙古一些发病地区采取病料,经分离得到了疑似绵羊支原体菌株7株。对该病原微生物的分离培养、形态学特征、理化特性等进行了阐述,以期为该病的快速诊断及防治提供参考。     

绵羊肺炎支原体的培养和PCR鉴定

安徽省3个山羊场有羊只发生肺炎症状,用支原体培养基对病料进行病原分离,经传代和纯化后分离到3株支原体,随后对分离到的支原体进行了形态学观察、PCR鉴定和序列比对,结果显示分离到的支原体均为绵羊肺炎支原体。     

Seroepidemiological survey of sheep flocks from Northern Japan for Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae and Mycoplasma agalactiae

Sheep flocks from Hokkaido, Iwate and Aomori, three northern prefectures of Japan, were screened for antibodies to Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae and Mycoplasma agalactiae by ELISA. Sixty four animals out of 246 (26%) were seropositive to M. ovipneumoniae, with positive results obtained from all three prefectures. None of the sera tested were serologically positive to M. agalactiae.     

绵羊肺炎支原体分离株交叉反应性的测定

绵羊肺炎支原体分离株致敏经过鞣酸和戊二醛处理的绵羊红细胞,制备成试验用抗原,与通过攻毒取得的几种血清进行间接血凝试验来检测其交叉反应性。通过检测,绵羊肺炎支原体分离株同无乳支原体、巴氏杆菌等几种可以引起肺炎症状的菌种无交叉反应性。     

A selective medium for Mycoplasma suipneumoniae

The isolation of Mycoplasma suipneumoniae (M. snip.) has not hitherto been possible in broth culture if the material also harboured Mycoplasma hyorhinis (M. hyor.), since the latter organism would outgrow M. suip. The present paper reports an effort to solve this problem.     

山羊中绵羊肺炎支原体的分离及鉴定

从四川省乐至县发生胸膜肺炎性传染病的山羊群中采集12个鼻拭子及4个肺组织病料,进行病原分离培养和特异性PCR检测。结果从9个鼻拭子和4个肺组织中分离到支原体,经鉴定均为绵羊肺炎支原体,未发现丝状支原体簇成员及多杀性巴氏杆菌和溶血性曼氏杆菌。结果表明,绵羊肺炎支原体是引起该山羊群发生胸膜肺炎的病原,同时说明绵羊肺炎支原体也是山羊支原体性肺炎的重要病原之一。     

A semi-defined medium without serum for small ruminant mycoplasmas

The composition of the medium used to cultivate Mycoplasma species is very important. Serum is one of the most important additives as it contains lipids (cholesterol) and serum proteins, which are essential for the growth of the organisms. This work reports the development of a semi-defined medium, called MWS (Medium Without Serum) produced without animal serum and bovine serum albumin. MWS seems to be suitable for cultivating several species of caprine mycoplasma, especially M. mycoides subsp. mycoides (LC) and M. mycoides subsp. capri.     

绵羊肺炎支原体恒温热隔绝式PCR方法的建立

为建立绵羊肺炎支原体(Mo)感染疾病的现场便捷化诊断方法,本研究选择Mo高度保守区域tuf基因设计合成一对特异性引物和探针,建立了恒温热隔绝式PCR(iiPCR)方法并对其特异性、灵敏性进行评价。结果显示,建立的iiPCR方法仅对Mo的典型菌株和其临床分离菌株的DNA呈阳性结果,具有较强的特异性;对Mo基因组DNA的检出下限为24fg/μL,具有较高的敏感性。利用该方法检测临床样品,结果显示该方法可以从临床采集的羊鼻拭子及支气管拭子中检测出MoDNA,对扩增产物的测序表明检测结果具有较高的准确性。本研究建立的iiPCR方法为Mo的检测及其感染疾病的诊断提供了快速、便捷的技术手段。     

A high level of strain variation within the Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae population of the UK has implications for disease diagnosis and management

Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae is one of only two mycoplasma species associated with small ruminant disease in Britain and has been associated with an increasing number of disease outbreaks since 2002. This investigation used well-defined techniques to assess the variability of UK M. ovipneumoniae isolates, in an attempt to identify strain clusters within the population. Strains received for routine diagnosis between 2002 and 2004 were analysed using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Of the 43 samples screened 40 RAPD Hum-1, 41 RAPD Hum-4 and 40 PFGE profiles were observed. Composite data analysis divided strains into 10 similarity clusters with SDS-PAGE and Western blotting indicating that this DNA variability is translated into a pattern of variable protein expression. In order to assess the strains isolated within flocks two sets of samples, from diverse locations, were included in this test panel. The presence of variable isolates existing on the same farm may reflect animal movement and the introduction of asymptomatic, carrier, animals where M. ovipneumoniae is already established within a flock. These findings have significant implications regarding disease diagnosis and management.     

绵羊肺炎支原体热休克蛋白Hsp70的生物信息学分析

本试验旨在了解绵羊肺炎支原体（Mo）标准Y98株Hsp70基因生物学特性,以期利用该基因表达蛋白建立ELISA方法。本研究应用DNAStar、Bioedit 7.0、ClustalX 3.0、Mega 4.0软件与Protparam、TMpred、IEDB在线工具对Hsp70蛋白的理化参数、跨膜结构、信号肽、二级结构、B细胞表位及与其他支原体Hsp70蛋白进化关系进行了比对分析。结果显示,Mo Y98株Hsp70蛋白理论分子质量为66.14 ku,pI值为5.08,为稳定的可溶性蛋白。该蛋白无跨膜结构,不分泌信号肽,存在多处具有免疫原性的肽段,具有形成抗原表位的优势结构,是建立免疫学方法较为理想的靶蛋白。与多种支原体Hsp70基因进化关系分析结果表明,该蛋白与Mo进化关系最近,与丝状支原体簇成员亲缘关系较远,为进一步分析Mo致病机理提供了理论依据。     

Natural and experimental infections of lambs with Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae

Mycoplasma (M.) ovipneumoniae was isolated pure or mixed with bacteria from 47 lungs of lambs of 14 in 22 tested flocks. M. ovipneumoniae was obtained as pure culture in cases of mild bronchopneumonia. Experimental intratracheal or intranasal infection caused several days of rising body temperature above 39.7 degrees C. Nasal discharge, coughing, and dyspnea did not occur. M. ovipneumoniae was successfully re-isolated from nasal swabs, beginning 2 d from infection. Lobular catarrhal bronchopneumonia was established by postmortem examinations, 10-14 d from infection, and M. ovipneumoniae was re-isolated from the lungs. Histological patterns of lungs were characterised by interstitial cell reactions.     

绵羊肺炎支原体人工感染SPF鸡胚的研究

为探索SPF鸡胚作为绵羊肺炎支原体实验室感染模型的可行性,本试验用不同浓度绵羊肺炎支原体（10⁸、10⁹、10¹⁰ ccu/mL）经由卵黄囊和尿囊腔两个部位接种7日龄SPF鸡胚,通过统计鸡胚死亡情况和不同鸡胚组织样品中绵羊肺炎支原体检测阳性率（PCR检测和支原体分离鉴定）,确定绵羊肺炎支原体鸡胚感染方式、感染剂量和最佳分离部位,再用3株不同来源的绵羊肺炎支原体分离株感染鸡胚,观察其对鸡胚的致病力。结果表明,绵羊肺炎支原体感染鸡胚最佳接种途径为卵黄囊接种,感染剂量为10⁹ ccu/mL、0.2 mL/只,最佳分离部位为卵黄液。3株支原体均能感染和致死鸡胚,并均能从卵黄液中分离到绵羊肺炎支原体,但对鸡胚的致病性存在一定差异：FL3株致鸡胚死亡率为45%,略高于MoGH3-3株（40%）,二者均高于A3株（25%）,但差异均不显著（P>0.05）;FL3株鸡胚检测阳率为100%,高于MoGH3-3株（85%）及A3株（90%）,但差异也不显著（P>0.05）。本试验初步确定了绵羊肺炎支原体可感染和致死SPF鸡胚,不同分离株对SPF鸡胚致病力有差异,表明SPF鸡胚可作为下一步建立绵羊肺炎支原体实验室感染模型的候选,为绵羊肺炎支原体致病性研究和疫苗研制奠定基础。     

Experimental Infection of Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae in SPF Chicken Embryos

In order to evaluate the SPF chicken embryos as a candidate of the experimental model of Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae (Mo) infection,the 7-day-old SPF chicken embryos were infected with different concentrations of Mo(10⁸,10⁹ and 10¹⁰ ccu/mL) by injection of vitelline fluid and allantoic cavity.The mortality and Mo detection rate (PCR detection and isolation) of infected chicken embryos were employed to evaluate the optimal inoculation route,dose and sampling site.Three different isolates of Mo were submitted to injection of chicken embryos for pathogenicity comparison.The results showed that the optimal inoculation route and dose were vitelline fluid injection with 0.2 mL (10⁹ ccu/mL) Mo per embryo and the sampling site for detection was also vitelline fluid.Three Mo isolates revealed good infectivity and lethality to the chicken embryo.The chicken embryos mortality caused by FL3 strain (45%) and MoGH3-3 (40%) were both higher than that by A3 strain (25%),but with no significance (P>0.05).The detection rate of Mo from the chicken embryos in FL3 group (100%) was higher than that of MoGH3-3 strain(85%) and that of A3 strain (90%),but with no significance(P>0.05).This experiment preliminarily proved that the SPF chicken embryos could be infected and partially killed by Mo,and the virulence of different strains of Mo to the chicken embryos was different.The results provided the data for further establishment of the chicken embryo infection model of Mo,which would benefit the research on Mo pathogenicity and vaccine development.     

绵羊肺炎支原体分子致病机理研究进展

绵羊肺炎支原体（Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae,MO）引起的支原体肺炎（Mycoplasma pneumonia）是严重危害养羊业的重要呼吸道疫病。绵羊肺炎支原体感染具有隐蔽性、持续性,造成患病羊生产性能下降,严重影响养羊经济效益。综合近期国内外关于绵羊肺炎支原体分子致病机制的文献报道,从绵羊肺炎支原体与呼吸道上皮细胞黏附、致下呼吸道损伤和引起机体免疫抑制三方面进行综述,以期为后续深入研究绵羊肺炎支原体致病机理、开发新型防控技术奠定基础。     

绵羊肺炎支原体和溶血性曼氏杆菌双重PCR检测方法的建立及应用

为建立同时检测绵羊肺炎支原体(MO)和溶血性曼氏杆菌(Mh)的方法,本研究根据MO的hsp70基因和Mh的gcp基因分别设计引物,建立了同时检测这两种病原的双重PCR检测方法.实验结果显示该方法能够特异性的扩增MO (135 bp)和Mh (227 bp) DNA片段,其最低检出量分别为2.06×103拷贝/μL和6.37 c fu/mL,与单一PCR相同.该方法对常见的致病菌无交叉反应.对临床样本的检测结果显示MO和Mh的检出率分别为56.25％和52.50％,与单独PCR符合率为100％.研究结果表明,本研究所建立的双重PCR检测方法具有特异性强、敏感性高等特点,为临床上MO和Mh混合感染的快速检测、鉴定以及流行病学调查提供了方便、快捷、准确的方法.