Constituents of the flowers of Punica granatum

A new polyphenol compound named pomegranatate (1), together with, ellagic acid, 3,3',4'-tri-O-methylellagic acid, ethyl brevifolincarboxylate, urolic and maslinic acids, and daucosterol were isolated from the ethanolic extract of the flowers of Punica granatum. The structure of compound 1 was determined by spectroscopic analysis. Maslinic acid exhibited antioxidant activity, evaluated by measurement of LDL susceptibility to oxidation.     

Flavonol glycosides from the flowers of Bellis perennis.

Three flavonol glycosides, isorhamnetin 3-O-beta-D-galactopyranoside, isorhamnetin 3-O-beta-D-(6"-acetyl)-galactopyranoside and kaempferol 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside were isolated from the flowers of Bellis perennis.     

Antibacterial activity of Persea cordata stem barks

The antibacterial effects of extracts obtained from Persea cordata stem bark, employed in Brazil to treat infectious diseases, were studied. The ethyl acetate fraction of the hydroalcoholic extract showed activity against pathogenic bacteria which may justify the popular use of the plant.     

Constituents of Salvia moorcroftiana.

A new aromatic ester, 3-oxodecan-1-o1 p-hydroxybenzoate (1) was isolated from Salvia moorcroftiana aerial parts along with four other constituents.     

Constituents of Pilocarpus trachylophus.

Four flavonoids, two terpenoids and a mixture of three polyprenols have been isolated from the leaves of Pilocarpus trachylophus.     

Constituents of Cassia auriculata.

The isolation and spectral data of di-(2-ethyl) hexyl phthalate (1) from Cassia auriculata leaves are reported.     

Constituents of Eulophia petersii.

The isolation of five known phenanthrenes and a mixture phytosterols from roots of Eulophia petersii is reported.     

Constituents of Brosimum potabile.

The ethanolic extract from the stem of Brosimum potabile afforded (-)-centrolobin (1), isolated for the first time in this genus. The identification of this compound included COSY and NOESY two-dimensional NMR data.     

Constituents of Cassia laevigata.

Calendin (1), cinnamic acid (2), 3-hydroxy-1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-propan-1-one (3), 2,3-dihydroxy-1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-propan-1-one (4), 3-hydroxy-1-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-propan-1-one (5), syringic acid (6) and vanillic acid (7) have been isolated from a dichloromethane extract of the leaves and branches of Cassia laevigata.     

Constituents of the trunk bark of Maquira coriacea.

The isolation of 14 known triterpenoids and phytosterols from the trunk bark of Maquira coriacea, and complete spectral data of a cardenolide, k-strophanthin-beta (1), are reported.     

Constituents of the stem bark of Ormosia wayana.

The isolation of lupeol, beta-sitosterol acetate and three quinolizidinic alkaloids, (+)-lupanine, (-)-sparteine and (-)-3 beta-hydroxy-13 alpha-tigloyloxy-lupanine (1), from the stem bark of Ormosia wayana is reported.     

Constituents from Lethariella cladonioides.

The isolation from the acetone extract of Lethariella cladonioides of the new compound cladonioidesin (1) and 10 other constituents is reported.     

Constituents from Salvia triloba.

Twelve hydrocarbons, four sterols, three triterpenes, nineteen fatty acids, two phenolic acids, and five flavonoids have been detected and identified in Salvia triloba. Among the isolated flavonoids, 8-methoxygenistein 7-O-alpha-L-rhamnoside 4'-O-beta-D-glucoside (1), is reported for the first time.     

Responses of swamp bay,Persea palustris,and avocado,Persea americana,to various concentrations of the laurel wilt pathogen,Raffaelea lauricola

Laurel wilt, caused by the fungus Raffaelea lauricola and transmitted by the exotic ambrosia beetle Xyleborus glabratus, has killed members of the Lauraceae plant family throughout the southeast United States. A series of experiments were conducted to examine the effects of inoculum concentration on the development of laurel wilt in swamp bay, Persea palustris, and avocado, Persea americana. In each experiment, host plants were inoculated with aqueous suspensions of 10², 10³, 10⁴ or 10⁵ conidia of R. lauricola, and plants were rated periodically for external symptom development (wilting and foliar dieback). At the end of experiments, plants were rated for internal symptoms of the disease (discoloration of sapwood) and assayed for R. lauricola on a semi‐selective medium. Symptom severity in swamp bay was significantly lower for the 10² treatment than at higher (10³–10⁵) concentrations, whereas 10² and 10³ conidia caused less disease than 10⁴ and 10⁵ conidia in avocado. At the lowest inoculum concentration, 67% of the swamp bay plants and 20% of the avocados died by the time the respective experiments were terminated. The pathogen was recovered from a high proportion of the symptomatic sapwood of swamp bay (100%) and avocado (94%), and sapwood discoloration and recovery of R. lauricola from inoculated stems of swamp bay were highly correlated with recovery of the pathogen and symptom development in roots. Clearly, swamp bay and avocado are very sensitive to R. lauricola. The ability of only 100 conidia of this pathogen to kill these hosts suggests that few individuals of X. glabratus or other ambrosia beetles that carry low levels of the pathogen would be sufficient to transmit conidia that infect and lead to disease development. The results are also relevant to the development of disease‐tolerant host selections, as they indicate levels of the pathogen appropriate for use in screening plants for disease resistance.     

Constituents of Coriaria ruscifolia fruits.

Corianin (1) and ellagic acid 3,3'-dimethylether (2) were obtained from the methanol extract of powdered fruits of Coriaria ruscifolia. Biological screening of both compounds and of the methanol extract revealed slight antibacterial activity and cytotoxicity.     

完善花卉流通体系促进花卉产业发展

该文从花卉流通体系入手,介绍了花卉流通体系和我国花卉贸易现状,并且通过对花卉发达国家花卉流通体系的借鉴,提出了适合我国花卉业发展的花卉流通体系。最后,本文主张要将花卉流通体系作为一项关键的“技术性”问题加以解决,切实改善流通渠道,以此提高我国花卉贸易的总体水平。     

南川卫矛的化学成分研究

采用硅胶和Sephalex LH-20凝胶色谱柱层析等分离方法对南川卫矛茎提取物的乙酸乙酯组分的化学成分进行了分离纯化,并根据理化性质和核磁共振、质谱等波谱数据进行了结构鉴定.分离得到了11个三萜类化合物,分别鉴定为:木栓酮、3-0-木栓烷-28-羧酸、29-羟基-3-木栓酮、大子五层龙酸、直楔草酸、雷公藤内酯甲、雷公...     

刺玫果化学成分的研究

采用硅胶柱色谱和薄层色谱等方法对吉林产刺玫果化学成分进行了分离、纯化,运用现代波谱分析技术和理化性质对照等方法对其进行结构鉴定。共分离得到7个化合物,分别为α-D-(6-O-白芥子酰基)-吡喃葡萄糖基-β-D-(3-O-白芥子酰基)-呋喃果糖(1)、木犀草素-7-O-芸香糖苷(2)、金丝桃苷(3)、槲皮素(4)、异甘草素(5)、β-胡萝卜苷(6)、β-谷甾醇(7)。其中化合物1、2、5为首次从刺玫果中分离得到。     

New cytotoxic compounds from flowers of Lawsonia inermis L.

Three new compounds, a bicoumarin A (1), a biflavonoid A (2), and a biquinone A (3), as well as 12 other known compounds, were isolated from the flower of Lawsonia inermis L. The structures were elucidated by spectral analysis and new compounds 2 and 3 then were further confirmed by ECD calculations and single-crystal X-ray diffraction crystallography respectively. The cytotoxicity of the compounds against four cancer cell lines, including MCF-7, Hela, HCT-116, and HT-29 were evaluated using MTT assay. The IC₅₀ values of compounds 3 and 5 against MCF-7, Hela, HCT-116, and HT-29 were 2.24, 1.42, 24.29, and 7.02 μM and 6.1, 2.44, 5.58, and 10.21 μM respectively. The two compounds exhibited stronger inhibitory activities than the positive control 5-fluorouracil (IC₅₀ = 7.34, 11.50, 36.17, 18.83 μM) against the four tested cell lines. These results demonstrated that compounds from the flowers of L. inermis L. showed cytotoxic activity on MCF-7, Hela, HCT-116, and HT-29 cell lines.     

浅谈花卉布展艺术

随着花卉业的蓬勃发展,以花卉展形式来推进花卉的技术交流、社会的文化交流、城市的商业交流具有重要的意义。成功的举办花卉展,首要是要进行花卉布展设计,即通过主题的确立,对布展区进行合理的区域划分及表现形式设计,突出对花的个体美、造型美、整体美、组合美的展示,使花卉展意境得到深化升华。