提高认识 明确目标 切实推进生态农业建设

农业发展进入了新阶段，粮食等主要农产品的生产能力明显提高，实现了农村产品供给由长期短缺到总量基本平衡、丰年有余的历史性转变。新世纪，我们将实施第十个五年计划，并向第三步战略目标迈进。前进中，我们面对的既有机遇，又有严峻的挑战。如何实现农业的可持续发展，是热点，更是难点。     

加强生态农业建设 推进浙江有机茶产业发展

本文介绍了有机茶生产体系可注入的生态农业技术,阐述了我公司发展有机茶产业的模式及其取得的成效,并对有机茶生产的发展方向进行了展望。     

生态农业 大有可为——冷水江市同心村生态农业建设介绍

冷水江市同兴乡同心村紧靠市区,共有6个组,374户,1374人。地域总面积2981亩,其中林业用地1122亩,旱土174亩,桔园200亩,鱼塘438亩。村内交通便利,水源丰富。过去是一个“稻谷加稻草,红薯加红薯藤,养猪过年、养鸡换盐”的近邻贫困村。80年代初以来,他们积极开展城郊型农业商品生产基地建设。1991年,全村总收入146.5万元,比1981年的13.5万元增加133.0万元,增长9.8倍,人平纯收入548元,比     

盘锦市生态农业建设与可持续发展

简要地阐述了盘锦生态农业建设的主要模式,分析了各种生态工程的建设主要内容及对生态农业发展的作用;指出了生态农业是促进农业生产结构调整和农产品质量提高,实现农业和农村经济持续发展的新途径。     

提高认识，转变观念，加快推进甘蔗生产机械化

简述了湛江垦区甘蔗的生产现状、生产中存在的主要问题及垦区甘蔗生产机械化开展情况。提出只有提高认识,转变观念,就能大力发展甘蔗生产机械化。     

生态农业建设与绿色食品生产

针对我国农业和食品发展要实现的目标，阐述了我国农业所面临的种种挑战。如：生态危机日益严重；城乡人民对食物的要求不断提高；国际农产品及食品市场竞争激烈；提出了生态农业的特征，绿色食品的概念和体系构成，同时指出生态农业和绿色食品都是可持续发展理论与实践的模式，更具中国特色，更适合我国国情。     

生态农业建设与绿色食品生产

针对我国农业和食品发展要实现的目标,阐述了我国农业所面临的种种挑战。如:生态危机日益严重;城乡人民对食物的要求不断提高;国际农产品及食品市场竞争激烈;提出了生态农业的特征,绿色食品的概念和体系构成,同时指出生态农业和绿色食品都是可持续发展理论与实践的模式,更具中国特色,更适合我国国情。     

盘锦市生态农业建设与可持续发展

简要地阐述了盘锦生态农业建设的主要模式，分析了各种生态工程的建设主要内容及对生态农业发展的作用；指出了生态农业是促进农业生产结构调整和农产品质量提高，实现农业和农村经济持续发展的新途径。     

发展高效生态农业 建设海南生态省

海南省发展高效生态农业具有得天独厚的环境优势,并具有相当的经济潜力,是可持续发展道路的富省之路。论述海南省生态环境的现状、发展高效生态农业的优势及对策。     

提高科技创新能力 推动盘锦生态农业建设

本文以盘锦生态农业建设及其技术需求出发，从研究方向的转变、高科技手段的利用、研究领域的拓展、创新成果的有效转化四个方面，探讨了提高科技创新能力，推动盘锦生态农业的途径。     

围绕中心任务 强化财务建设 提升财务服务农业科研的能力和水平

阐述中国热带农业科学院环境与植物保护研究所财务部门的工作方法与体会,分析工作中所遇到的问题,并针对存在的问题提出了改进策略。     

微波膨化型香蕉脆片的加工和酥脆度改善方法的研究

研究了香蕉脆片的微波膨化加工工艺,当香蕉切片厚8 mm时,热风干燥至水分含量10%,微波膨化50s,得到的脆片膨化率最高(91.43 %)。采用不同浓度的氯化钙、氯化钠、碳酸氢钠、糊精对香蕉片进行处理后进行膨化,结果表明,经过3 %糊精处理的香蕉片膨化率明显提高(123.30 %),而且酥脆度和色泽得到改善。     

发挥优势扩大规模努力推进我场啤麦生产基地的建设和发展

阐述了优质啤麦生产基地国营新洋农场在气候、生态、环境、农业机械、科技服务、经营管理、啤麦干燥与贮藏方面的诸多优势,分析了生产经营目标,提出了推广优质高产栽培配套技术的重点项目:晚茬麦催芽机播、用联合开沟播种机精量播种、建立合理的群体动态结构、科学肥料运筹、搞好种子更新等,展示了发展前景.     

Improving Land Use Efficiency and Grower Revenue by Reducing Potato Row Width

The standard row width for potato production in the Columbia Basin of Washington and Oregon is 86 cm (34 in.), but the reasons for this are unclear. The goal of this research was to identify a row width that maximizes potato grower revenue by optimizing land use efficiency. A 2012 pilot study conducted in central WA with four potato varieties (Alturas, Ranger Russet (R.), R. Burbank, and Umatilla R.) and four row width treatments (76, 81, 86, and 91 cm (30, 32, 34, and 36 in.)) indicated that row widths <86 cm had several advantages over those ≥86 cm. The protocol and methods were refined and a larger study conducted between 2013 and 2015. Russet Norkotah, Chieftain, and Teton R. were planted with the four varieties mentioned above into 71, 76, 81, and 86 cm (28, 30, 32, and 34 in.) row-width treatments; in-row seed piece spacing was 25.4 cm (10 in.). When data were averaged across years and varieties, a quadratic regression provided the best fit for total yield and adjusted gross return; the values for each peaked at 79 cm and 80 cm, respectively. Row widths of 76 and 81 cm produced 6 and 7 t ha^?1 higher yields, respectively, than the 86 cm industry standard. The 81 cm treatment produced 7.3% higher adjusted gross than the industry standard. Compared to the industry standard, plants from the 71 cm rows performed poorly; this 15 cm (6 in.) reduction in row width caused a 9.3% loss of adjusted gross income. Tuber weight and number per plant and were maximized when rows were ≥81 cm wide. These data suggest that the industry standard row width of 86 cm is an inefficient use of land and that an inter-row spacing of 80–81 cm (31.5–32.0 in.) could improve economic return to Columbia Basin growers by as much as $937 ha^?1.     

The susceptibility of agricultural grasses to pre-emergence damage caused by Fusarium culmorum and its control by fungicidal seed treatment

A total of 104 cultivars of six agricultural grass species were compared under controlled conditions for their relative susceptibility to the common soil-borne fungus Fusarium culmorum (W.G.Sm.) Sacc. A number of the perennial ryegrass ( Lolium perenne ) cultivars showed a high degree of resistance, their emergence being little reduced under the stringent test conditions. The emergence of others was, however, severely affected. Italian ryegrass ( L. multiflorum ) cultivars generally had a high level of resistance, the outstanding exception being cv. Leda Daehnfeldt which proved very sensitive. None of the cultivars of cocksfoot ( Dactylis glomerata ), timothy ( Phleum pratense ), meadow fescue ( Festuca pratensis ) or tall fescue ( F. arundinaceae ) which were tested had more than a moderate level of resistance and most were highly susceptible.
The vigour of ryegrass seedlings was, in most cases, closely correlated with percentage emergence but was less closely correlated in the more susceptible species. These often had a very low emergence but those seedlings which did establish were frequently of a size similar to that of healthy plants.
Treatment of grass seed with a fungicide mixture of benomyl (15% a.i.) plus captan (60% a.i.) provided excellent protection against F. culmorum on even the most susceptible cultivars.
Drazoxolon (40% a.i.) was, however, much less effective.     

Improving chemical and sensory quality of high-oleic peanut by application of foliar fertilizer

High-oleic peanut is favored by consumers because its a longer shelf life and benefits for cardiovascular health.Up to the high-oleic standard and with good taste is essential for peanut products in food processing.The aim of present study was to explore the effect of foliar fertilizers on chemical and eating quality of high-oleic peanuts.Three high-oleic peanut cultivars,namely Huayu 09C2,Huayu 9621,and Huayu 962,were used as materials.Huayu 09C2 and Huayu 9621 were planted in Fuxin,Liaoning,foliar sprayed with Fosforil at 2250 mL/ha,and Huayu 962 was sown in Jvnan,Shandong,foliar sprayed with Foliplus at 1500/3000 mL/ha.The chemical and sensory quality of peanut harvested from the treatment plots and controls was evaluated.Results showed that,Huayu 09C2 and Huayu 9621,foliar spraying with Fosforil in Fuxin,Huayu 962,foliar spraying with Foliplus in Jvnan,all still maintained high oleate content levels,and the Fosforil treatment was effective in raising the intensity of sweetness of roasted kernels.This study demonstrated the feasibility of improving chemical and sensory quality of high-oleic peanut through foliar fertilizer.     

Improving certain properties of wool fibers by applying chitosan nanoparticles and atmospheric plasma treatment

The nanochitosan particles were prepared by ionic gelation method using sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP) as anionic chemical agent. Structural and morphological properties of the nanoparticles were characterized by dynamic light scattering (DLS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analyses. The results showed that nanoparticles were spherical with a diameter range of 17-105 nm. After nanochitosan synthesis, the effects of chitosan and nanochitosan concentrations on the dyeability, fastness properties, shrink-proofing, tensile strengths, and surface friction coefficients of untreated and plasma treated wool fabrics were investigated. The studies revealed that nanochitosan treated wool fabric possesses better dyeing and shrink-proofing properties in comparison with conventional chitosan treated fabrics.     

大垄深翻提高黑龙江省马铃薯产质量的研究

对黑龙江及国内外马铃薯生产地区的生产水平进行了比较,探讨了马铃薯生产技术当中的垄体耕翻区别。从马铃薯大垄栽培的理论依据、黑龙江省推广大垄栽培的现实依据及黑龙江省推广大垄栽培的奈件方面对采用大垄深翻提高黑龙江省马铃薯产质量的可行性进行了阐述,并提出了在我国北方一作区推广大垄马铃薯栽培应注重的措施。     

MAS育种改良籼稻恢复系R599及其杂交种的稻瘟病抗性

根据已克隆的广谱持久抗稻瘟病基因Pi9的启动子序列设计了特异显性DNA标记MS-1,通过分子标记辅助选择(MAS)技术,开展连续回交育种,定向改良籼稻恢复系R599及其杂交种的稻瘟病抗性。结果表明,Pi9基因供体亲本75-1-127与受体亲本R599对23份供试稻瘟菌菌株的抗性表现及抗菌谱差异显著,两亲本的抗性频率分别为91.3%和30.4%。分子标记MS-1在75-1-127与R599之间呈现明显且稳定的多态性,标记基因型对抗病性表型的辅助选择效率达100%。从BC6F3株系中选育出一个与R599遗传背景相似但高抗苗瘟和穗瘟的改良恢复系R599-Pi9,并用它配制出抗稻瘟病的两系杂交种Y两优599-Pi9。