Molecular cloning and tissue expression of chicken AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 complementary deoxyribonucleic acids

AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 belong to a novel class of transmembrane receptors that mediate the effects of adiponectin. We have cloned the chicken AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 complementary deoxyribonucleic acids (cDNA) and determined their expression in various tissues. We also investigated the effect of feed deprivation on the expression of AdipoR1 or AdipoR2 mRNA in the chicken diencephalon, liver, anterior pituitary gland, and adipose tissue. The chicken AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 cDNA sequences were 76-83% identical to the respective mammalian sequences. A hydrophobicity analysis of the deduced amino acid sequences of chicken AdipoR1/AdipoR2 revealed seven distinct hydrophobic regions representing seven transmembrane domains. By RT-PCR, we detected AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 mRNA in adipose tissue, liver, anterior pituitary gland, diencephalon, skeletal muscle, kidney, spleen, ovary, and blood. AdipoR1 or AdipoR2 mRNA expression in various tissues was quantified by real-time quantitative PCR, and AdipoR1 mRNA expression was the highest in skeletal muscle, adipose tissue and diencephalon, followed by kidney, ovary, liver, anterior pituitary gland, and spleen. AdipoR2 mRNA expression was the highest in adipose tissue followed by skeletal muscle, liver, ovary, diencephalon, anterior pituitary gland, kidney, and spleen. We also found that a 48 h feed deprivation significantly decreased AdipoR1 mRNA quantity in the chicken pituitary gland, while AdipoR2 mRNA quantity was significantly increased in adipose tissue (P<0.05). We conclude that the AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 genes are ubiquitously expressed in chicken tissues and that their expression is altered by feed deprivation in the anterior pituitary gland and adipose tissue.     

牛支原体新基因(P18)的克隆表达及活性鉴定

牛支原体(M.bovis)可以引起犊牛肺炎、关节炎、乳腺炎、角膜结膜炎等疾病,是一种牛的重要呼吸道病原体,目前M.bovis粘附宿主细胞的机制还不明确。研究表明,M.bovis表面存在的多种蛋白与致病菌在宿主体内的侵袭力与传播能力有关。我们通过分离表达多个M.bovis基因,最终获得了一个表达纤溶酶原结合蛋白的新基因,并命名为P18。该基因表达大小约为67ku的重组蛋白。通过western blot鉴定,重组表达的P18蛋白可以被M.bovis抗体识别。进一步的试验表明,P18蛋白还具有纤溶酶原结合活性,从而推测该基因表达的蛋白可能是M.bovis的一个粘附相关因子。     

Patterns of gene expression in pig adipose tissue: insulin-like growth factor system proteins, neuropeptide Y (NPY), NPY receptors, neurotrophic factors and other secreted factors

Although cDNA microarray studies have examined gene expression in human and rodent adipose tissue, only one microarray study of adipose tissue from growing pigs has been reported. Total RNA was collected at slaughter from outer subcutaneous adipose tissue (OSQ) and middle subcutaneous adipose tissue (MSQ) from gilts at 90, 150, and 210 d (n=5 age(-1)). Dye labeled cDNA probes were hybridized to custom porcine microarrays (70-mer oligonucleotides). Gene expression of insulin-like growth factor binding proteins (IGFBPs), hormones, growth factors, neuropeptide Y (NPY) receptors (NPYRs) and other receptors in OSQ and MSQ changed little with age in growing pigs. Distinct patterns of relative gene expression were evident within NPYR and IGFBP family members in adipose tissue from growing pigs. Relative gene expression levels of NPY2R, NPY4R and angiopoietin 2 (ANG-2) distinguished OSQ and MSQ depots in growing pigs. We demonstrated, for the first time, the expression of IGFBP-7, IGFBP-5, NPY1R, NPY2R, NPY, connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) genes in pig adipose tissue with microarray and RT-PCR assays. Furthermore, adipose tissue CTGF gene expression was upregulated while NPY and NPY2R gene expression were significantly down regulated by age. These studies demonstrate that expression of neuropeptides and neurotrophic factors in pig adipose tissue may be involved in regulation of leptin secretion. Many other regulatory factors were not influenced by age in growing pigs but may be influenced by location or depot.     

柔嫩艾美耳球虫MAGL基因的克隆及表达

酰基甘油酯酶(MAGL)是将酰基甘油分解为甘油和游离脂肪酸的丝氨酸水解酶家族成员之一,在酯代谢中起着关键酶的作用,是研制抗鸡球虫药物的重要靶标。本研究利用生物信息学技术预测拼接了柔嫩艾美耳球虫MAGL基因序列,以第二代裂殖子总RNA为模板,通过RTPCR技术获得Etmagl基因。将Etmagl与pCold-43a载体连接,构建pCold-43a-Etmagl重组载体,并在大肠杆菌BL21中获得可溶性蛋白,经亲和层析获得纯化的重组蛋白。结果显示,扩增的Etmagl序列ORF长1 752 bp,编码584个氨基酸,与预测序列相似度为99%,与弓形虫MAGL相似度好(55%);IPTG诱导后融合蛋白高效表达,大小约为114 ku,经免疫印迹鉴定为目的蛋白。本研究成功利用大肠埃希菌原核表达体系重组表达并纯化了柔嫩艾美耳球虫酰基甘油脂肪酶,为建立以MAGL为靶标的抗球虫药物筛选模型奠定了基础。     

Cloning,tissue distribution and functional characterization of the donkey (Equus asinus) oligopeptide transporter 2

Oligopeptide transporter 2 (PepT2) is an important transporter of oligopeptides. In the present study, we describe the molecular cloning, tissue distribution and functional characterization of a donkey (Equus asinus) PepT2. The cloned cDNA sequence was 2202 bp at full length, encoding a 733 amino acid peptide with a molecular weight of 81.9 kDa and a theoretical pI of 8.92. Bioinformatics analysis showed that the deduced peptide sequence possessed all the characteristic features of PepT2. The expression of PepT2 in the kidney and lung was significantly higher than that observed in the ileum, duodenum, jejunum, spleen, liver, heart and stomach. Functional characterization by heterologous expression in Chinese hamster ovary cells showed that the uptake of β-Ala-Lys-N-7-amino-4-methylcoumarin-3-acetic acid (β-Ala-Lys-AMCA) by donkey PepT2-Chinese hamster ovary cells was dependent on time, pH and substrate concentration, with a low Km value of 91.51 ± 14.14 μM and a maximum velocity of 41.37 ± 2.193 pmol/min/mg protein. In the present study, for the first time, the expression and functional characteristics of donkey PepT2 were evaluated, the results of which provide new insights and a better understanding of its crucial role in oligopeptide transport in donkeys.     

Association of A‐FABP gene polymorphism and mRNA expression with intramuscular fat content (IMF) in Baicheng‐You chicken

This study aims to assess the association of polymorphisms and mRNA expression of adipocyte‐type fatty acid‐binding protein (A‐FABP) with intramuscular fat (IMF) in the breast muscle (BM) and leg muscle (LM) of Baicheng‐You chickens (BYCs). A total of 180 chickens, including sixty black Baicheng‐You chickens (BBYCs), sixty silky Baicheng‐You chickens (SBYCs) and sixty white Baicheng‐You chickens (WBYCs), were reared from 1 to 120 day. A polymerase chain reaction–single‐strand conformation polymorphism strategy (PCR‐SSCP) was used to detect the polymorphism of the A‐FABP gene in the first exon, and the C51T silent mutational site was found. The IMF content with the AA genotype was significantly higher than that with the AG genotype (p = 0.0473) in the LM of WBYC. Thus, this site could be taken as a molecular marker in selecting a higher IMF content of LM in WBYC. A‐FABP gene mRNA expression in the BM and LM of BYCs was detected, and a significant positive correlation was observed in the LM of WBYC. These findings provide fundamental data that might be useful in further study of the role of the A‐FABP gene in IMF content and fatty metabolism in chickens.     

羊传染性脓疱病毒趋化因子结合蛋白（CBP）基因的克隆及表达分析

参照GenBank中ORFV的毒力因子CBP基因的核苷酸序列设计合成1对特异性引物,采用PCR方法扩增该基因片段,并克隆入原核表达载体pGEX-4T-1中,经PCR、酶切鉴定和测序正确后,转入E.coli BL21（DE3）感受态细胞中,经IPTG进行诱导表达,并通过生物信息学软件进行分析。SDS-PAGE结果可见大小...     

小鼠髓过氧化物酶(MPO)基因克隆分析及真核表达载体的构建

髓过氧化物酶(myeloperoxidase,MPO)是一种血红素辅基蛋白酶,是血红素过氧化物酶超家族成员之一,参与多种疾病的发生和发展过程.本研究旨在克隆小鼠MPO基因CDS全长序列,检测该基因在小鼠神经细胞的表达谱.首先利用RT-PCR法与克隆载体克隆小鼠MPO基因CDS全长序列,对其进行生物信息学分析;然后构建真...     

臭鼻杆菌腈水解酶基因(bxn)的克隆及其在原核生物中的表达

通过PCR技术从克雷伯氏臭鼻杆菌基因组DNA中克隆到编码腈水解酶的基因(bxn),插入pET28a( )载体的NcoI和SacI之间,构建了bxn基因的原核生物表达载体pET-BX。通过SDS-PAGE鉴定出重组克隆,在大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)中表达出了一种37.7 kD的特异蛋白,其表达量占宿主菌总蛋白的18.2%。在添加终浓度为4mmol/L的乳糖和28℃培养条件下,重组克隆菌可表达较高产量的特异酶蛋白,可将溴苯腈降解为无毒物质,并具有较高活性。     

三黄鸡CD4胞外区基因的克隆表达及其多克隆抗体的制备

本研究根据鸡CD4分子胞外区基因序列设计合成一对引物,用PCR技术从三黄鸡的cDNA文库中克隆出了其CD4胞外区基因片段,大小为1 206 bp,将该片段插入pMAL-p2X表达载体中,转化大肠杆菌TB1感受态细胞后进行诱导表达,获得了分子量约为87.5 kD的融合蛋白。表达产物经Amylose树脂亲和层析柱纯化,得到了高纯度的鸡CD4胞外区的融合蛋白。利用此蛋白免疫小鼠,制备了高效价的鼠源抗鸡CD4胞外区的抗体,结果表明该蛋白具有良好的抗原性。     

Benzoic acid beneficially affects growth performance of weaned pigs which was associated with changes in gut bacterial populations,morphology indices and growth factor gene expression

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of benzoic acid (BA) on growth performance, intestinal development and intestinal barrier function in weaned pigs. Ninety weaned pigs were randomly assigned to one of three treatments: a basal diet (CON), the basal diet supplemented with 2000 mg/kg benzoic acid (BA1) and 5000 mg/kg benzoic acid (BA2). At the end of days 14 and 42, six pigs per treatment were randomly selected to collect plasma and intestinal samples. Results showed that BA supplementation not only improved final body weight, daily growth and feed conversion ratio from days 15 to 42 and days 1 to 42, but also decreased the activity of plasma diamine oxidase (day 42) and the pH values of jejunal contents (day 14) (p < 0.05). Ileal Bacillus populations (day 14) were increased by BA, while Escherichia coli counts in the ileum and caecum (day 42) were decreased (p < 0.05). Higher Lactobacillus counts occurred in the ileum (day 14, 42) of BA1‐fed piglets as compared to CON and BA2‐fed piglets (p < 0.05). In addition, BA supplementation increased the ratio of villus height to crypt depth (day 14, 42) and decreased the crypt depth (day 14) (p < 0.05). Growth‐stimulating factors (insulin‐like growth factor‐1, day 42; insulin‐like growth factor‐1 receptor, day 14, 42) and tight junction protein (occludin, day 14, 42; zonula occludens‐1, day 42)‐related gene mRNA levels were upregulated in the jejunum of piglets fed BA diets (p < 0.05). In conclusion, this study provides the first evidence that BA has beneficial effects on intestinal development and intestinal barrier function of weaned pigs, which can partly explain why growth performance of pigs was improved by dietary BA supplementation.     

鸡艾美耳球虫3-1E基因的克隆与表达

应用反转录 -聚合酶链式反应 (RT- PCR)技术 ,分别从柔嫩艾美耳球虫甘肃株 (E.tenella GS,Et GS)和堆型艾美耳球虫青海株 (E.acervulina QH,Ea QH)孢子化卵囊子孢子中提取的总 RNA扩增得到鸡球虫子孢子表面抗原 3- 1E基因 (Et GS3-1E和 Ea QH 3- 1E)。将 Et GS3- 1E与原核表达载体 p GEX- 6 P1连接 ,构建了的 p GEX- 3- 1E原核表达质粒 ,并获得融合蛋白的高效表达和纯化。序列分析表明 :Et GS3- 1E和 Ea QH 3- 1E的 ORF均为 5 13个碱基 ,共编码 171个氨基酸。Et GS3- 1E的蛋白分子量为 18.5 k D,Ea QH 3- 1E的蛋白分子量为 18.6 k D。ORF比较 ,Et GS3- 1E与文献报道的 Ea3- 1E比较 ,共有 2个核苷酸发生变异 ,核苷酸同源性为 98.8%,有 1个氨基酸发生变异 ,氨基酸同源性为 99.4 %;Ea QH 3- 1E与文献报道的 Ea3- 1E比较 ,共有 4个核苷酸发生变异 ,核苷酸同源性为 97.7%,有 3个氨基酸变异 ,氨基酸同源性为 98.3%;Et GS 3- 1E与 Ea QH 3- 1E比较 ,有 3个核苷酸发生变异 ,核苷酸同源性为 98.2 %,有 2个氨基酸发生变异 ,氨基酸同源性为 98.8%。获得了 Et GS 3- 1E融合蛋白的高效表达和纯化 ,表达率达 4 3.2 %。     

J亚群禽白血病毒gp85基因克隆表达与初步应用

在本实验室分离鉴定J亚群禽白血病病毒的基础上,用PCR方法扩增gp85基因,长度为921 bp的DNA片段,与J亚群禽白血病标准毒株序列比对同源率为96.4%。将该片段连接到pET28a表达载体上,构建了重组表达质粒pET28a-S1-Jgp85,对质粒测序后分析后,转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3),用IPTG诱导表达,经SDS-PAGE分析,表达出约为40 kD的融合蛋白。Western blot结果表明,表达产物可以与ALV-J阳性血清发生特异性反应。以纯化的His-Jgp85重组蛋白为包被抗原,建立间接ELISA方法,用于J亚群禽白血病的临床诊断。本研究对抗原包被浓度,待检血清稀释浓度,酶标抗体浓度,特异性试验及临界值等条件进行优化,对优化后的ELISA检测方法进行了临床应用试验。本研究建立了能特异性检测J亚群禽白血病血清抗体的ELISA方法。     

Changes in the gene expression of adiponectin and glucose transporter 12 (GLUT12) in lactating and non-lactating cows

Glucose delivery and uptake by the mammary gland is a rate‐limiting step in milk synthesis. Insulin resistance is believed to increase throughout the body following the onset of lactation. To study glucose metabolism in peak‐, late‐, and non‐lactating cows we analyzed the expression of an adipokine, namely, adiponectin, decreased insulin resistance, leptin, and a novel insulin‐responsive glucose transporter (GLUT12) in the adipose tissue and mammary gland by using real‐time polymerase chain reaction. Our results demonstrated that the mRNA level of adiponectin in the adipose tissue was greater in non‐lactating cows than in peak‐lactating cows. In the adipose tissue, there were no significant differences in the abundance of GLUT12 mRNA between the peak‐, late‐, and non‐lactating cows. In contrast, in the mammary gland, the mRNA level of GLUT12 was greater in non‐lactating cows than in peak‐ and late‐lactating cows. In the adipose tissue, the mRNA level of leptin and peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor gamma 2 (PPARγ2) was greater in non‐lactating cows than in peak‐lactating cows. The results of the present study suggest that in lactating cows adiponectin plays an important role in insulin resistance in the adipose tissue; in the mammary gland, GLUT12 expression is believed to be an important factor for insulin‐dependent glucose metabolism.     

Cloning and tissue expression profiling of the GnRHR gene of the Muscovy duck (Cairina moschata): polymorphism and association with egg-laying performance

1. cDNA sequence of gonadotropin-releasing-hormone receptor (GnRHR) gene was cloned and an association analysis between mutations and laying performance was conducted.

2. A 1680-bp cDNA sequence of Muscovy duck GnRHR, which encodes 415 amino acids, was obtained and characterised. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that Muscovy duck GnRHR has a close relationship with Gallus gallus GnRHR.

3. There were significantly different expression profiles between 4 age periods in the hypothalamus, pituitary, and ovary. The expression of GnRHR at the age of 36 weeks (laying period) was higher than other time points in the three tissues. GnRHR was expressed in 12 different tissues. The highest expression levels were observed in hypothalamus, pituitary and gonads.

4. A single nucleotide polymorphism detected in the second intron was associated with egg-laying performance. Individuals with genotype TT had better egg-laying performance from individuals with genotypes CC or TC. Therefore, GnRHR could be used as a marker gene for laying performance in Muscovy duck.     

鸡致病性大肠杆菌O_1、O_2和O_(78)Ⅰ型菌毛结构基因的克隆、序列测定及同源性分析

提取鸡致病性大肠杆菌分离株O1、O2和O78的基因组DNA作模板,用TD-PCR技术从其中分别扩增出0.55 KB的I型菌毛结构基因(piliA).将扩增得到的piliA基因片段,用TA克隆的方法分别克隆进pGEM-T栽体中,转化至受体菌JM109中,用Amp/IPTG/X-gal琼脂平板蓝白菌落筛选法,得到舍阳性重组子的菌株,提取质粒用PstI单酶切及NcoI和PstI双酶切鉴定,结果证实,所构建的克隆质粒中均含有相应piliA基因.经DNA序列分析,其结构基因阅读框架大小为549 bp,但其中O1菌株Ⅰ型菌毛基因在第72位发生突变,有6个碱基插入.经DNAStar核酸分析软件分析,3个基因同源性为89.9%～92.0%.