北方超级稻在皖东试种的初步观察

沈农系列“超级常规稻”全国领先，北种南引的优势是否存在？本文通过观察其在皖东的试种表现，初步认为在南方也可以进行试种。     

早稻新品种“中嘉早17”引种初报

中嘉早17是中国水稻研究所和浙江省嘉兴市农科院联合选育的超高产早稻新品种，2008--2009年引进武夷山五夫镇试种，表现高产、中感稻瘟病、穗大粒多、茎秆粗壮、抗倒伏力强。介绍了其在五夫镇试种表现及高产栽培技术。     

苏16在巴西第二次试种成功

苏１６在巴西第二次试种成功王庆华，铁大顺江苏农科院２１００１４Ｍｉｌｔｏｎ，Ｇ．Ｃ．巴西ＢｏｍＣｏｎｓｅｌｈｏ市农业局１９９２年６～１１月在巴西伯川西部Ｐｅｔｒｏｌｉｎａ市首次试种江苏的４个棉花品种，其中苏１６表现了较好的适应性和生产潜力．为继续考察...     

抗虫棉R93—4在枝江试种初报

抗虫棉Ｒ９３—４在枝江试种初报①陈国兵湖北省枝江县棉花公司４４３２００枝江地处长江中游，棉铃虫在我县棉区猖獗为害，致使治虫投资逐年加大，用工逐渐增多，严重的影响了当地棉花生产发展。近几年，关于抗虫棉在北方棉区试种及推广的报道较多，而南方试种报道较少。...     

八两优100在武义的种植表现及高产栽培技术

两系杂交早籼组合八两优１００在浙江武义２ａ试种示范结果表明，该组合熟期适中，高产稳产，适应性广，具有较好的推广前景。介绍了其高产栽培技术要点。     

巴西陆稻在陈家桥乡良种场大面积种植成功

一种大穗大粒高产高抗的旱地稻谷新品种一巴西陆精IAPAR9于1996年在湖南省临澧县望城陈家桥乡科技良种示范场大面积种植成功，平均亩产525．5kg。巴西陆稻IAPAR9是李鹏总理1992年6月在巴西考察工作时，巴西政府赠送给中国政府的珍贵旱稻良种，经中国农科院重点试验种植，现已开始在我国各地生根、开花、结果。1995年，陈家桥乡良种场率先小面积引种试种，初获成功，亩产455．2kg.1996年，该场在掌握了其优势和特性的前提下续试。更进一步探索旱地节水种稻之路．将巴西陆稻扩大到纯旱地试种10亩．缺水田作二晚试种了12亩，果园套种了8亩…     

丰两优1号在汕头的试种表现及高产栽培要点

丰两优1号在广东汕头市试种表现适应性广,米质优,高产稳产,效益高.介绍了丰两优1号的试种表现及高产栽培要点,分析了其在汕头市的应用推广前景.     

热带风暴对澳洲坚果产量的影响

报道了在湛江南亚热带作物研究所试种区，５个澳洲坚果品种１６年生树，前７年产量和风害情况。试种区风害频繁，产量水平较低，风害造成澳洲坚果减产，翌年也难以恢复到受害前的产量水平。     

协优9308在浙南种植表现及利用价值探讨

介绍了籼粳亚种间杂交组合协优９３０８ 在浙南试种中表现出的主要性状及其栽培技术要点，分析了其在浙南沿海稻区的利用价值和推广前景。     

四川澳洲坚果引种试种简报

对引入的澳洲坚果经１５ａ试种观察，初步表明澳洲坚果在四川攀西地区具有适应性，生长良好，开花结果正常，种仁率高，抗逆性强，在四川大有试种开发前途。     

Factors in the Reduction in Grain Number in Winter Wheat by Early-Sowing in Yamaguchi

Abstract

Grain number per spike of wheat is lower in early sowing than in the conventional standard cultivation in Yamaguchi, Prefecture, Japan. Components of the grain number per spike in five cultivars were analyzed with respect to temperature during the spike development period throughout three growing seasons 2001/2002, 2002/2003 and 2003/2004 to find the cause of the problem of early sowing cultivation. The plants sown in early-October and late-November were called the early sown group and the standard group, respectively, in the following. Three of the five cultivars, Hokushin, Akitakko and Nanbukomugi, showed a strong winter habit, which requires very cold temperatures for spike differentiation. The other two cultivars, Iwainodaichi and Airakomugi, had a moderate winter habit. Grain number per spike and grain yield were decreased by early-sowing (compare with the standard group) in almost all cultivars throughout the three growing seasons. The three cultivars which had a strong winter habit had fewer spikelets per spike in the early-sown group than in the standard group. The other two cultivars which had a moderate winter habit had fewer grains per spikelet in the early-sown group. The higher the temperature during the spikelet formation phase, which is from flag leaf initiation to terminal spikelet initiation, the higher the number of spikelets per spike in the standard group. The spikelet number per spike in the early-sown group increased with the increase in productive tillers under fertile conditions. Such conditions also increased the grain number per spike.     

Allelopathy in Agroecosystems in Spain

Summary

This paper reviews the effects of allelopathic interactions in agroecosystems in Spain on plant physiological activity and their ecological advantages. The phenological stage of growth of donor plants and the effective allelochemicals in the soil solution while studying the role of phenolic compounds were highlighting. Finally possible future prospects and conclusions regarding weed control by allelochemi-cals under integrated crop management strategies are discussed.     

2009年中国稻米市场分析及2010年展望

以翔实的资料对2009年中国稻米生产、消费、进出口、供求平衡、库存、价格走势、购销政策和国际稻米供求等情况进行了全面地分析,对影响2010年稻米市场价格走势的各种因素进行了深入研究,并在此基础上对2010年我国稻米市场价格走势进行了预测,结论是我国稻米价格仍呈上行趋势。     

Advances in Variable Rate Technology Application in Potato in The Netherlands

Precision agriculture is a farming management concept based on observing, measuring and responding to inter- and intra-field variability in crops. In this paper, we focus on responding to intra-field variability in potato crops and analyse variable rate applications (VRAs). We made an overview of potential VRAs in potato crop management in The Netherlands. We identified 13 potential VRAs in potato, ranging from soil tillage to planting to crop care to selective harvest. We ranked them on availability of ‘proof of concept’ and on-farm test results. For five VRAs, we found test results allowing to make a cost-benefit assessment. These five VRAs were as follows: planting, soil herbicide weed control, N side dress, late blight control and haulm killing. They use one of two types of spatial data: soil maps or biomass index maps. Data on costs and savings of the VRAs showed that the investments in VRAs will pay off under practical conditions in The Netherlands. Savings on pesticide use and N-fertilizer use with the VRAs were on average about 25%, which benefits the environment too. We foresee a slow but gradual adoption of VRAs in potato production. More VRAs will become available given ongoing R&D. The perspectives of VRAs in potatoes are discussed.     

我国高粱育种研究进展

对我国高粱育种的主要途径和研究方向进行了概述,针对目前高粱产量徘徊现象,提出了高粱超高产育种设想,并对其技术路线进行了探讨。     

Diurnal changes in net photosynthetic rate in potato in two environments

Summary Diurnal changes in net photosynthetic rate were measured in a furrow-irrigated potato crop and in a riverbed crop where the water table was always maintained at 20–28 cm from the soil surface. In the irrigated crop, the photosynthetic rate during mid-afternoon was about half the peak rate observed at noon. This reduction was accompanied by a near tripling of stomatal resistance, a 45% reduction in transpiration, and a 5-fold increase in the difference between leaf and air temperatures. No such changes were observed in the riverbed crop where the photosynthetic rate remained nearly constant at about 0.9 mg m⁻² s⁻¹ between 9 a.m. and 4 p.m. Tuber yield in the riverbed crop was about 30% higher than in the irrigated crop.     

我国干热区甘蔗抗旱植蔗主要问题研讨

我国干热蔗区是我国甘蔗糖业的重要生产基地,蔗区光热资源丰富,唯降水分布不均成为植蔗生产的主要限制因子;根据蔗区植蔗特点和甘蔗需水规律,苗期抗旱是干热蔗区抗旱植蔗的关键,保证较多的总苗数和足够的生长量是苗期抗旱植蔗需解决的关键技术难题,制定相应的苗期抗旱植蔗栽培技术措施是解决该难题的重要保障;该观点为我国干热蔗区植蔗生产、甘蔗引育种提供理论和技术支持。     

棉花体细胞无性系变异的研究进展

体细胞无性系变异是一种重要的细胞工程育种技术,其应用于棉花育种的前提是建立高效的组织培养诱导再生植株体系.本文简要综述了棉花离体诱导植株再生研究的现状,重点讨论了棉花体细胞无性系变异的表现、利用方法及机理,提出了当前研究存在的问题并对今后的研究进行了展望.