反刍动物口蹄疫ELISA诊断试剂盒质量检测

利用参考血清,按试剂盒标明的使用方法,对上海优耐特生物医药有限公司提供的3批反刍动物口蹄疫病毒VP1结构蛋白抗体和3批反刍动物口蹄疫病毒NS非结构蛋白抗体ELISA诊断试剂盒的敏感性和特异性分别进行检测.结果表明,2种试剂盒的敏感性和特异性均符合相关标准的规定.     

猪轮状病毒概述

轮状病毒（Porcine Rotavirus，PRV）属呼肠孤病毒科（Reoviridae）轮状病毒属（Rotavirus）成员，是引起幼龄仔猪病毒性腹泻的主要病源之一。目前尚无治疗RV感染的有效药物，对于发病动物，可以对症治疗以及采取措施防止脱水和酸中毒等等。预防该病的有效方法是加强饲养管理和在准确诊断基础上的有效疫苗接种。     

Rotavirus infection in foals

Fecal samples from 86 foals with diarrhea were examined by electron microscopy during a 2.5 year period. Of these, 26 (30%) were positive for rotavirus. All of the cases were found in epizootic areas. The disease was produced in an experimental foal by inoculation via stomach tube of a bacteria-free fecal filtrate containing rotavirus. Examination of postmortem tissues from the duodenum and jejunum of 2 naturally infected foals and an experimentally infected foal revealed replicating virus in the intestinal epithelial cells. A limited survey of complement-fixing antibody to rotavirus in horses from Kentucky, Virginia, and France indicated that all horses had antibody to the virus. The sole exception was 1 foal from which blood samples were collected prior to suckling. These results were presumptive evidence that rotavirus is a major cause of diarrhea in foals, and the presence of antibody in horses from diverse areas is evidence for the ubiquitousness of this infection.     

牛轮状病毒研究进展

牛轮状病毒(Bovine rotavirus,BRV)是导致新生犊牛腹泻的主要病原之一,给养牛业造成一定的损失。本文从BRV感染机制、流行情况、预防措施、种间传播及人畜共患病的影响几方面加以综述,为BRV感染犊牛的研究提供有效的依据。     

轮状病毒疫苗的研究进展

轮状病毒（RV）是引起全球婴幼儿腹泻的主要病源之一,它不仅在发展中国家流行,也在发达国家流行。有研究表明改变卫生条件并不能有效制止轮状病毒的传播。疫苗接种是唯一可行的预防控制轮状病毒较高发病率和死亡率的方法,因此轮状病毒疫苗的研发具有非常重要的现实意义。论文针对近几年来研发的轮状病毒疫苗作一综述。     

牛轮状病毒性腹泻的研究

从安徽、河南两地黄牛犊腹泻粪样中分离出了３株能在ＭＡ－１０４细胞上稳定繁殖、继代的轮状病毒（标号为ＢＲＶ００７、ＢＲＶ０１４及ＨＮ－７）。中和试验表明,该３株黄牛分离毒与北京奶牛毒ＢＲＶ６５５５及国外参考毒株ＮＣＤＶ之间抗原性无差异,同属轮状病毒血清６型（或牛轮状病毒血清１型）,在亚组抗原特异性上均为第Ⅰ亚组。用ＢＲＶ０１４高代次（５０代以上）细胞培养物（ＴＣＩＤ５０＝１０－６．５）于孕母牛产前３个月和１个月经肌肉免疫注射２次,可明显提高母牛初乳中的轮状病毒抗体,在产后２０ｄ,抗体滴度仍能维持在１∶６４;临床观察,免疫母牛所产犊牛的腹泻发生率较对照组降低８３．８％。     

禽轮状病毒研究进展

轮状病毒是引起禽类病毒性腹泻的重要病原。临床上表现为拉稀、消瘦。近年国外已对该病毒进行了大量研究,国内此方面的工作还较少,但随着我国养禽业从数量型向质量型的转换,此病已经引起了国内兽医界与养禽业工作者的重视。     

轮状病毒疫苗的研究进展

轮状病毒(RV)是引起全球婴幼儿腹泻的主要病源之一,它不仅在发展中国家流行,也在发达国家流行.有研究表明改变卫生条件并不能有效制止轮状病毒的传播.疫苗接种是唯一可行的预防控制轮状病毒较高发病率和死亡率的方法,因此轮状病毒疫苗的研发具有非常重要的现实意义.论文针对近几年来研发的轮状病毒疫苗作一综述.     

猪轮状病毒弱毒苗免疫研究

用猪源轮状病毒弱毒株－Ｎａ８６Ｆ９０制成的疫苗先后免疫母猪２５０头，乳中抗ＲＶ的ＩｇＡ最高滴度为８１９２０，对照组最高滴度仅有１６０；产后１个月，免疫组滴度仍维持在５１２０以上，而对照组仅４０；免疫组仔猪哺乳期轮状病毒检出率下降３７．２％，断奶仔猪育成率由７５％提高到９０％以上，断奶后窝重由平均１３０～１５０ｋｇ，提高到２００～２５０ｋｇ     

轮状病毒转基因植物疫苗的研究进展

轮状病毒病是引起人和动物肠胃炎的一种传染病,发病率和死亡率较高,至今没有特效药可以治疗,传统疫苗预防效果不佳。随着生物技术的不断发展,一种新型的转基因植物疫苗有望解决这个难题。人类和动物食用了这种转基因植物之后,就可以获得抗体,产生免疫力,以预防此病。     

Rotavirus infection in calves in Bangladesh

Faecal samples from 434 calves under 1 year of age (307 diarrhoeal and 127 normal) were collected from three dairy farms and one village in selected areas of Bangladesh. The samples were tested by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to detect the presence of rotavirus antigen. Of 402 dairy calves tested, 28 (7.0%) were positive, of which 21 (7.2%) were from diarrhoeic calves and 7 (6.3%) from non-diarrhoeic calves. Rotavirus infection varied from farm to farm (2.7–9.2%) and there was no positive response from any of the 32 village calves. Rotavirus was most commonly found in calves of 1 week of age or less (up to 22.2% in one group) but was not found in any calves later than 6 months of age. More than 80% of rotavirus-positive samples from diarrhoeic calves exhibited a titre of 128 or more (geometric mean 345±4.5), whereas non-diarrhoeal calves had titres less than or equal to 128 (geometric mean=29±1.9), suggesting that rotavirus infection in calves in Bangladesh was mostly associated with diarrhoea.     

Serological evidence of Anaplasma spp., Borrelia burgdorferi and Ehrlichia canis in dogs from the Republic of Korea by rapid diagnostic test kits

BackgroundEmergent and re-emergent canine tick-borne infections are attracting increasing attention worldwide. The rise in pet ownership and the close relationship between dogs and their owners are the most concerning factors because dogs may act as competent reservoirs for human tick-transmitted infectious agents.ObjectivesThis study contributes to the epidemiological surveillance of canine tick-transmitted infections with zoonotic risk in the Republic of Korea (ROK) by investigating the seroprevalence of the pathogens, Anaplasma spp., Borrelia burgdorferi, and Ehrlichia canis.MethodsFour hundred and thirty whole blood samples from domestic dogs were collected in seven metropolitan cities and nine provinces in the ROK and tested using SensPERT Ab test kits (VetAll Laboratories®) to detect seroreactive animals.ResultsThe seroprevalence rates identified were 9.8% (42/430) for Anaplasma spp., 2.8% (12/430) for B. burgdorferi, and 1.4% (6/430) for E. canis. The risk factors evaluated in this study that could be associated with the development of a humoral immune response, such as sex, age, and history of tick exposure, were similar. There was only one exception for dogs seroreactive to Anaplasma spp., where the risk factor “tick exposure” was statistically significant (p = 0.047).ConclusionsThis serological survey exhibited the widespread presence of Anaplasma spp., B. burgdorferi, and E. canis throughout the ROK. Hence, dogs may play a key role as the sentinel animals of multiple zoonotic infectious agents in the country.