玉米黄花叶病毒运动蛋白的原核表达纯化与抗血清制备

为实现对玉米黄花叶病毒（maize yellow mosaic virus,MaYMV）的血清学检测,丰富该病毒的检测方法,将编码MaYMV运动蛋白（movement protein,MP）的基因连接到原核表达载体pDBHis-MBP上,将构建成功的原核表达质粒转化到大肠杆菌Escherichia coli中诱导表达融合蛋白,将纯化后的融合蛋白对新西兰大白兔Oryctolagus cuniculus进行免疫并制备MaYMV MP多克隆抗血清,并采用Western blot对抗血清的效价、灵敏度和特异性进行检测。结果显示,利用成功构建的原核表达载体经诱导表达获得分子量大小约为62 kD的融合蛋白,纯化后对新西兰大白兔进行免疫获得MaYMV MP抗血清,该抗血清的效价为1∶128 000,灵敏度为1∶32,且该抗血清能够特异性地检测到本氏烟Nicotiana benthamiana中瞬时表达的MaYMV MP,而不与马铃薯卷叶病毒属Polerovirus及黄症病毒属Luteovirus的其他病毒发生血清学交叉反应,证明该抗血清具有良好的特异性。表明本研究制备的MaYMV MP抗血清能特异性...     

甘蔗黄叶病毒运动蛋白的原核表达和抗血清制备

 甘蔗黄叶病毒(Sugarcane yellow leaf virus,ScYLV)属于黄症病毒科(Luteoviridae)、马铃薯卷叶病毒属(Polerovirus),主要由蚜虫传播,能够侵染甘蔗、玉米等多种作物,引发严重的植物病害。本研究将编码ScYLV运动蛋白(Movement protein,MP)的基因连接到pDB-His-MBP原核表达载体上,转化到大肠杆菌菌株Rosetta中,经IPTG诱导,表达分子量大小约为70 kDa的融合蛋白,将纯化后的融合蛋白制备多克隆抗血清。利用western blot检测抗血清的效价为1:128 000,灵敏度为1:256,抗血清不与马铃薯卷叶病毒属(Polerovirus)的其它病毒以及黄症病毒属(Luteovirus)病毒发生交叉反应,具有很好的特异性。本文制备的ScYLV MP抗血清可以用于ScYLV的检测,并为深入研究ScYLV与寄主的相互作用等问题提供材料基础。     

水稻黑条矮缩病毒p8蛋白的原核表达、抗血清制备及其特性

水稻黑条矮缩病毒(RBSDV)p8蛋白由其基因组片段S8编码,根据RBSDV浙江分离物S8序列(AJ297431)设计特异性引物扩增编码p8蛋白N端部分的片段,并亚克隆至原核表达载体pET-32a ,然后以大肠杆菌BL21plysS为宿主菌进行高水平地表达,利用纯化的p8蛋白免疫小鼠,制备了p8蛋白的特异性抗血清。Western blot分析表明,p8蛋白在水稻病株中含量较为丰富,易于检测,而且p8蛋白参与病毒粒子的组成,表明p8是一个病毒结构蛋白。ELISA检测显示p8蛋白的抗血清可与不同来源的水稻、小麦、玉米病汁液发生强烈的血清学反应,表明该抗血清适用于RBSDV田间病株的快速诊断。     

水稻瘤矮病毒S11基因沉默抑制子的原核表达及抗血清制备

以采自广东省水稻瘤矮病的典型病株为材料,通过RT-PCR法扩增和克隆了水稻瘤矮病毒(Rice gall dwarf virus,RGDV)S11组分核苷酸序列全长。序列分析结果表明,RGDV广东分离物S11(登录号EF532326)核苷酸序列全长1168bp,含有一个1068bp的开放阅读框,编码一条355个氨基酸的多肽,推测分子量约40kD,与泰国分离物基因结构基本一致,其核苷酸与氨基酸序列相似性分别为94.3%和98.8%。将广东分离物S11基因克隆至pBV221温敏表达载体上,在大肠杆菌DH5α中实现了高效表达。以诱导蛋白为抗原免疫家兔获得了抗血清。利用ELISA法测定抗血清的效价为1∶4096,Western blot分析结果表明,抗血清能与S11蛋白发生特异血清学反应。这可为进一步研究S11蛋白的结构和功能,揭示其抑制基因沉默的作用机制提供参考。     

大麦黄矮病毒PAV中国分离物外壳蛋白基因的克隆及同源性分析

 大麦黄矮病毒PAV株系由麦长管蚜和禾谷缢管蚜传毒。本研究通过RT-PCR、克隆和序列测定后,确认所得到的我国小麦PAV分离物的外壳蛋白基因片段由600个核苷酸组成,编码199个氨基酸。序列同源性比较结果显示,与BYDV的其它株系典型分离物的外壳蛋白基因同源性最高为74.5%,而与国外发表的PAV 8个分离物的CP基因核苷酸同源性为81%左右,且同源性比较的分值也较其它株系高。氨基酸序列的比较中,仅在46到60位氨基酸差别较大。     

芜菁花叶病毒长春分离物p3基因的克隆、序列分析及P3蛋白抗血清的制备

 用RT-PCR方法从长春感染芜菁花叶病毒( Turnip mosaic virus,TuMV)的十字花科蔬菜中扩增获得该病毒的p3基因,并对其序列进行了比较分析。结果表明,本研究所获得的10个TuMV分离物p3基因含1 065个核苷酸,其序列一致率为98.8%~99.6%,与GenBank中其他15个TuMV分离物核苷酸一致率为80.9%~99.4%。根据p3基因核苷酸序列构建的系统进化树显示:25个TuMV分离物可分为4个组,本研究得到的10个TuMV分离物均属于basal-BR组。将TuMV JCR06分离物p3基因N端663 bp片段克隆至原核表达载体pET-28a(+),并在大肠杆菌BL21(DE3) pLysS中表达出分子量约为28 kDa的融合蛋白。以纯化的融合蛋白为抗原免疫家兔,制备了P3蛋白的特异性抗血清。以TuMV侵染的萝卜为抗原,间接ELISA测定抗血清的效价为1∶2 048。Western blotting分析表明,制备的抗血清能与诱导表达的融合蛋白发生特异性反应。     

烟草脉带花叶病毒cp基因的原核表达及抗血清制备

 利用马铃薯Y病毒属病毒的简并引物, 通过RT-PCR技术获得了云南烟草病毒分离物YND的3'端约1.7 kb片段, 序列分析证明该分离物为烟草脉带花叶病毒(Tobacco vein banding mosaic virus, TVBMV)。将TVBMVcp基因克隆到表达载体pET-22b (+)上, 在大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)中诱导表达出分子量为35.0 kD的融合蛋白。利用该融合蛋白制备了TVBMV的多克隆抗体, ELISA测定抗血清效价为1/4 096。Western blotting和DIBA分析结果表明, 获得的抗血清和原核表达的病毒蛋白及植物病汁液中的病毒均有特异性反应, 可用于TVBMV的快速检测。     

甘薯褪绿斑病毒外壳蛋白的分子变异及其特异抗血清制备

 甘薯褪绿斑病毒(Sweet potato chlorotic fleck virus,SPCFV)是侵染甘薯的主要病毒之一。本研究利用RT-PCR方法克隆了SPCFV中国4个分离物的外壳蛋白(CP)基因。序列分析表明,cp基因全长900 bp,编码299个氨基酸残基。4个分离物cp基因的核苷酸序列一致性为78.3%～89.9%,推导的氨基酸序列一致性为91.3%～95.7%,存在较大的分子变异。不同分离物CP氨基酸序列N末端的第3-32位氨基酸为多变区。将四川分离物的cp基因克隆到原核表达载体pET-28a(+)上,SDS-PAGE分析表明,经IPTG诱导,cp基因在大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)中得到了高效表达。以表达的蛋白为抗原免疫家兔,制备了SPCFV CP的特异性抗血清。ACP-ELISA检测结果表明,制备的抗血清效价达1∶128 000,可用于田间甘薯样品的检测。     

香蕉束顶病毒海口分离物Rep基因的克隆、原核表达、抗血清制备及检测

［目的］ 对香蕉束顶病毒(Banana bunchy top virus,BBTV)海口分离物起始蛋白(replication initiation proteins, Rep)基因进行克隆、原核表达、抗血清制备,为BBTV有效的检测及分子流行病学等研究奠定基础。［方法］ 以海口地区染病香蕉幼嫩假茎和叶片的总DNA为模板,通过PCR技术克隆BBTV海口分离物的起始蛋白基因,连接到表达载体并进行大肠杆菌原核表达,制备高效价特异性抗血清。［结果］ 应用PCR方法从染毒香蕉幼嫩假茎和叶片总DNA中扩增复制rep基因,回收目的片段后经酶切,获得了含BBTV Rep基因的重组质粒pET32b Rep。将重组质粒转化E.coli BL21(DE3),经不同的时间、温度及IPTG浓度优化,12% SDS PAGE电泳分析,在20 ℃、0.1 mmol/L IPTG条件诱导4h,最终获得大量的可溶性融合蛋白。将可溶性蛋白上清液经Ni2+ NTA亲和层析柱纯化,得到高纯度的融合蛋白。用纯化后的融合蛋白免疫家兔,获得了BBTV Rep蛋白抗血清。以融合蛋白做抗原,间接ELISA法测定抗血清效价大于125 000。以田间样品做抗原时,结果表明抗血清最佳工作浓度为1∶1 000。Western blot鉴定结果表明抗血清能与融合蛋白特异性结合。［结论］ 利用Rep基因制备的特异性抗血清在BBTV病毒粒体的组装机制研究及病毒病诊断上具有重要的应用价值。     

樱桃病毒A北京分离物外壳蛋白的原核表达及抗血清制备

根据前期研究获得的樱桃病毒A北京分离物(Cherry virus Aisolate Beijing,CVA-BJ)外壳蛋白基因序列设计引物,将此基因克隆到原核表达载体pET-28a后转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3),以终浓度为1 mmol/L的IPTG进行诱导表达。Ni珠吸附法纯化表达产物后免疫家兔制备抗血清。间接ELISA测得抗血清效价为1∶2048。以纯化后的蛋白和樱桃叶片总蛋白为检测材料,Western blot分析表明抗血清具有高度特异性。间接ELISA方法检测樱桃病叶,结果呈阳性,与RT-PCR检测结果一致。表明制备的抗血清可用于感病樱桃样品中CVA的检测。     

Relationships of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Barley yellow dwarf virus</Emphasis>-PAV and <Emphasis Type="Italic">Cereal yellow dwarf virus</Emphasis>-RPV from Iran with viruses of the family <Emphasis Type="Italic">Luteoviridae</Emphasis>

Barley yellow dwarf disease is one of the most important problems confronting cereal production in Iran. Barley yellow dwarf virus-PAV (BYDV-PAV) and Cereal yellow dwarf virus-RPV (CYDV-RPV) are the predominant viruses associated with the disease. One isolate of BYDV-PAV from wheat (PAV-IR) and one isolate of CYDV-RPV from barley (RPV-IR) were selected for molecular characterisations. A genome segment of each isolate was amplified by PCR. The PAV-IR fragment (1264 nt) covered a region containing partial genes for coat protein (CP), read through protein (RTP) and movement protein (MP). PAV-IR showed a high sequence identity to PAV isolates from USA, France and Japan (96–97%). In a phylogenetic analysis it was placed into PAV group I together with PAV isolates from barley and oats. The fragment of RPV-IR (719 nt) contained partial genes for CP, RTP and MP. The sequence information confirmed its identity as CYDV. However, RPV-IR showed 90–91% identity with both RPV and Cereal yellow dwarf virus-RPS (CYDV-RPS). Phylogenetic analyses suggested that it was more closely related to RPS. These data comprise the first attempt to characterise BYD-causing viruses in Iran and southwest Asia. The nucleotide sequence data reported appear in the EMBL, GenBank and DDBJ Nucleotide Sequence Databases under the accession numbers AY450425 and AY450454     

Reservoirs of plant virus disease: Occurrence of wheat dwarf virus and barley/cereal yellow dwarf viruses in Sweden

Non-crop plants such as grasses and volunteer plants are an inseparable part of the flora of crop fields and can influence virus incidence in crop plants. The presence of grasses as virus reservoirs can lead to a higher probability of virus incidence in crop plants. However, the role of reservoirs as an inoculum source in agricultural fields has not been well studied for many viral diseases of crops. Grasses have been found to constitute potential reservoirs for cereal-infecting viruses in different parts of the world. This study revealed that cereal-infecting viruses such as wheat dwarf virus (WDV), barley yellow dwarf viruses (BYDVs), and cereal yellow dwarf virus-RPV (CYDV-RPV) can be found among ryegrass growing in or around winter wheat fields. Phylogenetic analysis showed that a WDV isolate from ryegrass was a typical WDV-E isolate that infects wheat. Similarly, a ryegrass isolate of barley yellow dwarf virus-PAV (BYDV-PAV) grouped in a clade together with other BYDV-PAV isolates. Inoculation experiments under greenhouse conditions confirmed that annual ryegrass of various genotypes can be infected with WDV to a very low titre. Moreover, leafhoppers were able to acquire WDV from infected ryegrass plants, despite the low titre, and transmit the virus to wheat, resulting in symptoms. Information from the grass reservoir may contribute to improving strategies for controlling plant virus outbreaks in the field. Knowledge of the likely levels of virus in potential reservoir plants can be used to inform decisions on insect vector control strategies and may help to prevent virus disease outbreaks in the future.     

大麦条纹花叶病毒中国株CP基因克隆分析、原核表达及抗血清制备

 首次用PCR方法,自大麦条纹花叶病毒中国株(BSMV-CH)的RNA₂(GenBank登录号为:AY789694,未报道)中扩增出外壳蛋白(coat protein,CP)基因,并亚克隆到pMD18-T载体上进行测序分析。结果表明BSMV-CH的CP全长597bp,它与BSMV其它株系CP的核苷酸同源性和氨基酸同源性分别为93.1%~93.8%和91.4%~92.4%;与同属的早熟禾半潜病毒(PSLV)和剪秋罗环斑病毒(LRSV)的核苷酸同源性分别为53.0%和41.8%,氨基酸同源性分别为48.1%和40.0%。根据大麦病毒属病毒已经报道的CP氨基酸序列绘制系统发育树,分析表明分离的各毒株在进化上存在明显地理位置的相关性。把CP基因亚克隆到GST融合表达载体pEGX-6p-1上,优化IPTG诱导终浓度后,在37℃ IPTG终浓度为1.0mmol/L时,融合蛋白GST-CP在大肠杆菌BL21中得到了特异表达。12% SDS-PAGE表明,表达产物大小为48.5kDa,主要以包含体形式存在。对蛋白进行定量后,用冰冷的KCl显色,分离表达的蛋白质特异条带制备抗原,免疫家兔得到抗血清,酶联法(enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay,ELISA)测定的抗血清效价为1/6 400。用抗血清对感病大麦和健康大麦进行检测,结果表明抗血清有很高特异性。     

建兰花叶病毒RdRp基因的原核表达及多克隆抗体制备

采用RT-PCR技术扩增出建兰花叶病毒贵州分离物(CyMV-GZ)的依赖RNA的RNA聚合酶(RNA-dependent RNA polymerase,RdRp)基因保守序列。测序结果表明:该RdRp基因序列长735 bp,编码245个氨基酸残基。构建原核表达载体pET32a(+)-RdRp,将重组质粒转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3),在37℃以0.3 mmol·L~(-1) IPTG诱导表达分子量约49 kDa重组蛋白。以该重组蛋白为抗原免疫小鼠,制备的抗体效价达1∶204 800。间接ELISA检测显示该多抗与CyMV病叶汁发生特异性免疫反应,而与其他6种同属或不同属病毒叶汁无血清学交叉反应。本实验为进一步研究RdRp的功能以及从分子水平上探讨该病毒的致病机制奠定了基础。     

Immunodetection of the replicative complex of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Barley yellow dwarf</Emphasis><Emphasis Type="Italic">virus</Emphasis>-PAV <Emphasis Type="Italic">in vivo</Emphasis>

The genomic fragments of two open reading frames (ORFs) 1 and 2 of German and Canadian PAV isolates of Barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV-PAV) were sequenced. Sequences only slightly differed from previously published sequences of this virus. Two polyclonal antisera against proteins encoded by ORFs 1 and 2 of a German ASL-1 isolate were developed using recombinant antigens expressed in E. coli as a fusion either to His₆− or thioredoxin-tags. In Western blot analysis with total protein extracts from BYDV infected plants, antisera efficiently recognized the 99 kDa fusion protein expressed from ORF1 and ORF2 (P1–P2 protein). Later in infection the P1–P2 protein disappeared and two smaller proteins, revealing sizes of 39 and 60 kDa, could be detected.