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1.
罗思亮 《安徽农业科学》2013,(12):5333-5334
[目的]研究台山地区土壤富硒来源,为资源开发利用提供重要科学依据。[方法]从成土母质和大气沉降上,对比分析了硒的含量。[结果]源岩中,上寒武系地层含硒量高,可达1.34 mg/kg;大气干沉降物中,硒年通量平均达285.18μg/(m2.年)。[结论]上寒武统水石组为该区的主要物质来源,而大气沉降为提供丰富物质补充。  相似文献   

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[目的]探究不同施硒浓度对5种作物的影响,了解不同作物的硒吸收及积累特性,为筛选适宜大规模种植的硒蛋白原料提供理论依据。[方法]选用油菜、玉米、洋葱、番茄、绿豆分别代表不同科作物进行盆栽试验,以亚硒酸钠为硒源调控土壤基质中的施硒浓度分别达20、40、60、80 mg/kg,同时以不施硒的基质为对照组(CK),培育作物直至开花期,采收其地上部分并测定其硒含量、蛋白含量及蛋白中的硒含量,结合作物生物学产量计算硒积累量与蛋白中硒积累量,从而分析5种作物对硒的吸收与积累情况,并筛选出适合硒蛋白生产的最佳原料。[结果]玉米、洋葱、绿豆、番茄和油菜最佳施硒浓度分别为60、20、60、40、60 mg/kg。在最佳施硒浓度下玉米、洋葱、绿豆、番茄和油菜的蛋白中硒积累量表现为油菜>玉米>番茄>绿豆>洋葱。[结论]与玉米、洋葱、番茄和绿豆相比,油菜的蛋白含量与蛋白硒含量最高,是潜在优良的硒蛋白来源作物,且在施硒浓度为60 mg/kg时表现出最佳的集硒特性。  相似文献   

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对成都市龙泉驿区土壤中含硒量的测定,结果表明:龙泉驿区土壤中硒含量略低于我国土壤中平均自然含硒量,并且土壤环境硒水平不会造成硒中毒.  相似文献   

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基于瑞安市27个乡镇34个主要农作物产地耕作层土壤中的全硒、水溶态硒、交换态硒和有机态硒含量分析数据,以及土壤基本性质的分析结果,对瑞安市农产地土壤硒含量、形态与分布及其与土壤性质的关系进行研究。结果表明,瑞安市主要农产地土壤全硒含量在0.22~1.21 mg/kg,平均含量0.48 mg/kg;水溶态硒含量在0.5~3.5μg/kg,占全硒含量的0.3%;交换态硒变化在2~8μg/kg,占全硒含量的0.8%;有机态硒分布范围为41~205μg/kg,占土壤全硒含量的23.8%。土壤硒含量、形态和分布与土壤的pH值、阳离子交换量、粘粒和有机质含量之间有密切的联系。  相似文献   

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成都市龙泉驿区土壤含硒量的研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
对成都市龙泉驿区土壤中含硒量的测定,结果表明:龙泉驿区土壤中硒含量略低于我国土壤中平均自然含硒量,并且土壤环境硒水平不会造成硒中毒.  相似文献   

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土壤中重金属的存在形态以及各形态的生物活性、迁移特点是现阶段环境和食品安全领域的研究热点。本文采集了9个硒含量不同的土壤样品及其上生长的茶树叶,使用标准方法分析了土壤中各形态硒和茶树叶硒含量,并采用统计学方法构建了土壤各形态硒与植物硒含量平衡模型。结果表明,离子结合态硒、腐植酸结合态硒、残渣态硒与植物硒含量具有正相关性,其中离子结合态硒对植物硒含量影响最大;强有机结合态硒与植物含硒量成负相关。模型设计比较简单,其作为一种研究方法提出,希望对探讨土壤各形态硒含量与植物硒含量的相互关系有益处。  相似文献   

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土壤硒的荧光法测定   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
为了测定土壤中不同形态的硒,研究了土壤中不同形态硒的提取、荧光法测定的方法和条件.结果表明:淹水土壤有效态硒的最佳提取剂是KH2PO4,土壤样品的最佳消化液是HNO3-HClO4,建立了土壤不同形态硒的荧光系统分析方法,应用本法测定淹水土壤不同形态硒。  相似文献   

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为了解广西茶叶主产区茶园富硒情况、开发富硒茶和制订相关栽培技术规程,对广西凌云、乐业、桂平、昭平4个茶园土壤和茶叶含硒量进行调查。分析了影响富硒茶栽培的土壤含硒量、种植品种、土壤p H、有机质含量、采摘季节和等级等主要技术条件,提出了相应的富硒茶生产调控措施,并从外源施硒的方式和注意问题等方面进行了讨论。  相似文献   

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通过分析台山市土壤硒在平面和剖面上的分布特征,发现研究区表层土壤硒含量高,平均值达0.56 mg/kg。高硒主要分布在寒武系地层、侵入岩及第四系地层范围,且以有机态为主;在垂向上,土壤硒含量呈上高下低分布。  相似文献   

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[目的]研究贵州典型喀斯特地区不同等级石漠化的土壤性质特征,为喀斯特石漠化脆弱生态环境的综合治理提供理论依据.[方法]选取喀斯特地区4种等级石漠化(强度石漠化、中度石漠化、轻度石漠化和潜在石漠化)的12个样地,采样后测定并分析土壤物理及化学性质指标.[结果]土壤物理性质方面,随石漠化等级程度增加,土壤持水能力降低、土壤容重增加、总孔隙度降低.土壤化学性质方面,随石漠化等级程度增加,土壤pH变化规律不明显,但整体养分含量降低.中度、轻度和潜在石漠化土壤有机质含量分别比强度石漠化高12.78%、41.49%和48.84%.全氮含量为0.97~1.14 g/kg,碱解氮含量为81.86~171.81 mg/kg,两者均表现为潜在石漠化>轻度石漠化>中度石漠化>强度石漠化.不同等级石漠化土壤的全磷、全钾含量无显著性差异(P>0.05,下同).土壤速效磷含量为8.55~11.17 mg/kg,潜在石漠化显著高于其他等级石漠化(P<0.05,下同).土壤速效钾含量为84.87~110.87 mg/kg,强度石漠化显著低于其他等级石漠化.相关性分析结果表明,土壤水含量与田间持水量、总孔隙度、毛管孔隙度、有机质、全氮、碱解氮、速效磷和速效钾呈极显著正相关(P<0.01,下同),与容重呈极显著负相关;有机质与土壤水含量、全氮、碱解氮和速效钾呈极显著正相关,与田间持水量、总孔隙度、毛管孔隙度、全磷、全钾和速效磷呈显著正相关,与容重呈显著负相关;土壤全氮与土壤水含量、田间持水量、有机质、碱解氮和速效磷呈极显著正相关,与总孔隙度、毛管孔隙度和速效钾呈显著正相关.[结论]喀斯特地区随石漠化等级增加,其土壤理化性质减弱,养分含量降低.土壤各理化性质指标间紧密相关,其中土壤水含量、有机质和全氮含量是反映该地区不同等级石漠化土壤理化性质的重要指标.  相似文献   

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毛竹纯林留养阔叶树后土壤理化性质的研究   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
王洪帆 《安徽农学通报》2008,14(17):170-173
对闽侯县荆溪镇仁洲村毛竹纯林留养阔叶树林与毛竹纯林的土壤理化性质的分析研究结果表明:毛竹留养阔叶树后,土壤容重、毛管持水量、总孔隙度及非毛管孔隙度等物理性状都得到了改良;林地土壤有机质含量增加,土壤全氮、水解氮及有效磷等养分指标普遍比毛竹纯林土壤高。由此可知毛竹留养阔叶树能更好的培肥土壤,提高林分水源涵养力,改善土壤的理化性质。  相似文献   

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植物硒的研究与利用   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
硒是人和动物必需的微量元素,植物硒资源的状况直接地影响到人类的硒营养状况,植物将土壤中吸收的无机硒转化为有机硒,对植物具有重要的生理作用,有利于植物的生长发育,我国在植物硒资源研究利用方面取得了很多成绩.  相似文献   

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• The linkage between crop water productivity and soil properties were summarized• Knowledge of soil microbial effects on crop water productivity is still limited• Knowledge of interactions of soil factors on crop water productivity is still limitedAgriculture uses a large proportion of global and regional water resources. Due to the rapid increase of population in the world, the increasing competition for water resources has led to an urgent need in increasing crop water productivity for agricultural sustainability. As the medium for crop growth, soils and their properties are important in affecting crop water productivity. This review examines the effects of soil physical, chemical, and microbial properties on crop water productivity and the quantitative relationships between them. A comprehensive view of these relationships may provide important insights for soil and water management in arable land for agriculture in the future.  相似文献   

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人工油松林火烧前后土壤化学性质变化的研究   总被引:8,自引:2,他引:8  
本文对人工油松林火烧前后土壤化学性质变化进行了研究。研究结果表明,火烧后土壤pH值、土壤盐基饱和度、土壤交换性阳离子和土壤阳离子交换量等土壤化学性质均受到不同程度影响。其中,以土壤表层变化最强烈。  相似文献   

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  总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
【Objective】The quality of cultivated land is a key factor affecting soil productivity, which serves also as scientific basis for rational fertilization. Cinnamon soil is the main soil type at the production area of wheat and corn in China. This study examined the current status of cultivated land quality and the evolution characteristics of cinnamon soil during the past 31 years (1988-2018). Though considering the evolution of fertilizer application rate, their influence on productivity was studied, and the guidance for reducing fertilizer input and increasing efficiency in cinnamon soil area was proposed.【Method】Using the data of 103 long-term (31 years) location test points in China, the evolution of cinnamon soil cultivated land quality was analyzed by combining physical and chemical indexes. The factors influencing the yield were compared through the redundancy analysis (RDA). Based on these results, reasonable suggestions were put forward to reduce fertilizer input and increase efficiency in cinnamon soil area.【Result】(1) The present situation and evolution of soil physical and chemical properties in cinnamon soil area were shown in the study. Specifically, the average values of organic matter content, available phosphorus and available potassium in 2018 were 17.9 g·kg -1, 29.2 mg·kg -1-and 164 mg·kg -1, respectively, which represented an increase of 21.2%, 200.9% and 52.0% during 31years, respectively. The average values of total nitrogen and slow available potassium in 2018 were 1.1 g·kg -1 and 945 mg·kg -1, respectively, which remained relatively stable during the monitoring period. The contents of soil secondary elements and micronutrient elements and heavy metals were in an acceptable range. The pH was reduced by 0.3 unit. Topsoil thickness was 21.9 cm and bulk density was 1.33 g·cm -3, which belonged to the middle level. (2) The fertilizer application rate in cinnamon soil area was 730.2 kg·hm -2 in 2018. The proportion of N (N):P (P2O5):K (K2O) was about 2:1:1, and the proportion of chemical fertilizer to organic fertilizer was about 3.45:1. The nitrogen fertilizer application rate was 378.9 kg·hm -2, which was stable during the past 31 years. The application rate of phosphate and potassium fertilizer decreased by 24.1% and 50.8%, respectively. (3) The wheat yield showed an upward trend during 31 years, and the maximum reached 6 651 kg·hm -2 at the end of monitoring, which was 27.6% higher than the value at the initial stage. The corn yield was stable, reaching 8 851 kg·hm -2 at the end of monitoring. The contribution rate of soil fertility in wheat season and corn season was 49.0% and 59.6%, respectively. The yield was influenced by soil physical factors, including the thickness of plough layer (which could explain the wheat production for 2.7%, denoted as explanation rate), bulk density (explanation rates of wheat and corn productions for 1.2% and 1.5%, respectively) and chemical index, such as organic matter explanation rates of wheat and corn productions for 2% and 1.7%, respectively, and available phosphorus (explanation rate of corn for 3.6%). The explanation rates of potassium fertilizer were the highest for wheat and corn productions, which reached 5.6% and 6%, respectively. The explanation rates of phosphorus fertilizer for wheat yield (1.3%) and of nitrogen fertilizer for corn yield (1.3%) were also relatively high.【Conclusion】The cultivated land quality in cinnamon soil area has been improved in 31 years, but the overall fertility was low and the physical properties were in middle level. Considering the impact of land quality on productivity, different fertilization schemes needed to be formulated for wheat and corn. Both of which needed to increase the input of potassium fertilizers, and focused on ensuring the supply of phosphorus fertilizers for wheat and nitrogen fertilizers for corn. Physical indicators needed to be highly concerned. The topsoil thickness and bulk density were at a medium level, but there was no need to continue to optimize, and maintaining the status quo was more conductive to obtaining high yield.  相似文献   

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亚热带不同人工林土壤理化性质的研究   总被引:17,自引:0,他引:17  
该文通过对江西大岗山地区马尾松纯林、马褂木纯林、杉木纯林及马褂木 桤木混交林与对照次生林的土壤理化性质状况的比较,研究了不同人工林更新方式对土壤肥力状况的影响.结果表明:除马褂木纯林对土壤孔隙状况的改善表现出一定的作用外,其他林下土壤表现出表层土壤孔隙状况恶化的变化趋势;各人工林林下土壤养分指标均显著降低,4种人工林类型中,马褂木纯林土壤养分状况恶化程度最强烈;土壤有效铁、有效锌含量明显降低,但各层土壤有效铁含量仍高于土壤有效铁临界值,而土壤有效锌含量的降低导致土壤缺锌状态的加剧;杉木纯林有利于土壤有效铜积累,而其他3种人工林林下土壤表现出表层增加,下层降低的变化特征.   相似文献   

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