发挥纵向通风肉鸡舍蒸发降温系统的最大效力

高温可危害肉鸡的生产性能。在某些天气条件下 ,舍内温度可因提供高通风率而不至升得过高 ,舍内的有效温度也会因风速的增大而有所降低。当这些方法都不能使温度有足够的降低时 ,就必须采取别的措施。现已证实 ,蒸发降温就是一种有用的工具 ,但我们必须遵循一定的规则才能使这一降温系统发挥出其最大效力。当今的肉鸡业越来越要求鸡舍和设备能够提供更好的舍内环境条件 ,以获得最大的生产性能和最高的生产水平。近十年来 ,越来越多的新旧鸡舍都被建成或改建成纵向通风鸡舍 ,而几乎所有这些鸡舍都采用了蒸发降温系统 ,原因是当今的饲养者都希…     

湿垫蒸发降温蛋鸡舍环境的测定和评价

根据对采用湿帘蒸发降温系统蛋鸡舍夏季环境的测定结果。对照传统自然和风机通风之效果，讨论了在我国湿热的南方地区应用该系统中的几个问题.     

鸡舍降温系统的设计

鸡舍降温系统的设计吴耀忠，陈印权，聂秀强，陈国辉（上海市申宝大型鸡场２０１１０１）随着我国养鸡业的发展，利用规模效益和集约化工艺来提高养鸡行业的经济效益，增强产品的市场竞争力显得尤为重要，然而大规模、集约化生产给鸡场的防疫卫生、鸡舍内环境的控制和调节...     

鸡舍的降温

鸡舍的降温刘序祥（农业部高级畜牧师）高温对鸡的健康和生产效率有很多不良影响，尤其是舍温超过３０℃时，产蛋率、受精率明显下降，蛋重变小，蛋壳质量下降。肉鸡增重变慢，成活率下降。当舍温达３５℃时，鸡群残废率明显增加。因此，夏季的鸡场管理中重要的一项内容就...     

蛋鸡舍通风、喷雾降温研究

蛋鸡舍安装新研制的风机和喷头进行纵向通风和喷雾试验，在夏季高温季节可以把鸡舍内温度降低3～5℃，有良好的社会经济效益     

肉种鸡鸡舍夏季通风降温试验

在两栋长145m，跨度5.4m的双坡式有窗封闭舍内，采用三层笼养方式分别饲养700只235日龄的艾维菌肉种鸡，将其中采用轴流式风机加湿帘纵向通风系统的一栋鸡舍作为试验组，而将另一栋采用窗户自然通风的鸡舍作为对照组，于夏季进行为期15d的试验，结果表明试验组与对照组的舍内温度在1d内明显不同，且舍外温度越高，试验组的舍内降温效果越好，相应地，试验组也减轻了肉种鸡的夏季热应激。     

鸡舍降温新技术

鸡舍降温新技术高腾云郭金玲（河南农业大学４５０００２）（郑州牧专４５００４５）每到夏季高温天气，不少养鸡场的鸡群死亡率明显升高。高温所造成鸡的死亡是热应激达到了极端的反映。事实上远在死亡率升高之前，鸡群的生产性能已经受到了高温的威胁。在一般饲养管理条...     

蒸发降温对提高肉鸡生产性能的作用

前言同空气接触的水在蒸发时将空气中的热量带走,这个过程就是蒸发降温。其结果就是环境温度降低,同时空气湿度增加。蒸发降温法在热且干燥的气候最为适用。湿帘加风扇的蒸发降温系统在产蛋鸡舍经常应用,它能使环境温度降低8～9℃,同时适度地提高了空气的湿度。蒸发降温的舍内温度也有同外界温度相应的昼夜周期性变化。本试验的目的在于高温情况下饲养大肉鸡,利用蒸发降温能否提高肉鸡的体重和饲料转化率。     

膨化工艺设计及设备安装要点

随着人们环保意识的加强及当今养殖市场的发展,用膨化机生产的产品（包括浮性饲料和沉性饲料）越来越受到广大养殖户的青睐。膨化机的生产、推广及使用也正成为饲料行业的一大亮点。许多新建的饲料厂,要么一步到位都安装了膨化机。要么就进行预留为以后作准备,而一些早期饲料厂也纷纷进行改造,新增膨化生产线,抢占膨化料市场。为此．本人结合多年工作经验,就膨化机的使用、工艺流程设计、安、装等提出实践上的一些心得．与大家分享。     

犊牛的饲养管理关键技术

肉牛是人类重要的畜产品来源之一,其肉质鲜美,营养丰富,深受消费者的喜爱。近年来,随着我国经济的飞速发展和人民生活水平的提高,牛肉作为一种高质量的蛋白质来源,可以为消费者提供非常理想的饮食体验,导致国内高品质牛肉需求量正在日益增长,肉牛养殖成为了农牧业的重要支柱产业之一。而犊牛的培育将直接影响到肉牛养殖业的健康发展,因而保证犊牛的健康,提高犊牛的成活率和生长效率对推进肉牛产业发展具有重大意义。本文针对犊牛的消化生理特点,总结了犊牛的饲养要点和管理方法,旨在为犊牛的高效养殖提供参考。     

夏季鸡体喷水降温效果的观测

在开放式鸡舍舍温达到２９℃时,给笼养鸡体喷水,结果：喷雾法和喷淋法均可使鸡体温和呼吸率下降,张口呼吸停止,恢复采食;而“不喷鸡体只喷地面”的鸡体温和呼吸率要随气温增高而上升,原张口呼吸和采食状况一般未改变;喷雾法或喷淋法的鸡产蛋性能和经济效益均高于不喷水的鸡,尤其是喷雾法。停止喷水后,喷雾鸡较喷淋鸡产蛋性能高,时间持续５周以上。     

Nutrition, key factor to reduce environmental load from pig production

In different parts of Europe animal production is highly concentrated. Pig production generally is the main animal production activity in these areas. Main concerns of these large numbers of pigs are the amount of surplus nutrients in excreta and gaseous losses to the environment. Main nutrients of concern are N, P, and heavy metals and main gaseous losses of concern are ammonia, odour, and methane. Although losses are inevitable to a certain extent, nutrition seems to be a key factor in reducing these losses. Main nutritional strategies to reduce N and P excretions from pigs are: phase feeding (N, P), supplementation of limiting amino acids to the diet (N), and addition of phytase to the diet (P). Nutritional strategies to reduce heavy metals excretions from pigs are: finding alternative, natural, growth promoters that could replace Cu and Zn in the diet; using feedstuffs for the diet that are less contaminated with Cd. Main strategies to reduce ammonia emissions are: 1) lowering crude protein intake in combination with addition of limiting amino acids; 2) Shifting nitrogen excretion from urine to faeces by including fermentable carbohydrates in the diet; 3) lowering pH of urine by adding acidifying salts to the diet; 4) lowering the pH of faeces by inclusion of fermentable carbohydrates in the diet. These strategies proved to be independent from each other and effects are additive. By combining these strategies a total reduction of ammonia emission in growing-finishing pigs of 70% could be reached. Strategies to reduce odour emission are: 1) reducing protein fermentation by balancing available protein and fermentable carbohydrates in the large intestine; 2) Minimizing breakdown of absorbed sulphur amino acids. More studies are needed in this area of research, but results until now are very promising. A clear relationship exists between fermentable carbohydrates in the diet and methane emissions. This disadvantage should be considered when tackling ammonia emission by this strategy. It is concluded that there is a large potential to reduce environmental load within pig dense areas by nutritional means.     

春季养好肉鸡的关键技术

春季气候潮湿、温度低,昼夜温差大,是一年中养鸡条件较恶劣的时候,也是各种传染性疾病的多发季节,鸡群管理难度大。总结近几年来技术服务     

水产饲料的核心工艺和主要设备

水产饲料工业的发展、新加工工艺的不断涌现,有效地促进了水产饲料品质的提高。水产饲料加工的特别工艺来源于水产饲料加工品质的特别要求,而水产饲料加工品质的特别要求又来源于水生动物摄食和消化生理特点。笔者从水生动物摄食及消化吸收生理特点入手,阐述了水产饲料加工品质的特别要求,着重介绍水产饲料加工的核心工艺和主要设备。     

Strategies to reduce feedlot cattle heat stress: effects on tympanic temperature

Three experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of different management strategies on body temperature of feedlot steers finished in the summer months. In Exp. 1, 24 crossbred steers were chosen to assess the effect of altered feed intake and feeding time on tympanic temperature (TT) response. Managed feeding (MF) treatments were applied for 22 d only and provided 1) ad libitum access to feed at 0800 (ADLIB), 2) feed at 1600 with amount adjusted so that no feed was available at 0800 (BKMGT), 3) feed at 1600 at 85% of predicted ad libitum levels (LIMFD). During heat stress conditions on d 20 to 22 of MF, LIMFD and BKMGT had lower (P < 0.05) TT than ADLIB from 2100 through 2400. A carryover effect of limit-feeding was evident during a severe heat episode (d 36 to 38) with LIMFD steers having lower (P < 0.05) TT than ADLIB. In Exp. 2, TT were obtained from 24 crossbred steers assigned to three treatments, consisting of no water application (CON), water applied to feedlot mound surfaces from 1000 to 1200 (AM) or 1400 to 1600 (PM). From 2200 to 0900 and 1200 to 1400, steers assigned to morning sprinkling treatment had lower (P < 0.05) TT than steers assigned to afternoon sprinkling treatment. In Exp. 3, 24 steers were utilized in a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement of treatments with factors of feeding time [0800 (AMF) and 1400 (PMF)] and sprinkling (WET and DRY). Tympanic temperatures were monitored under hot environmental conditions on d 30 to 32 and 61 to 62. A feeding time x sprinkling interaction (P < 0.001) was evident on d 30 to 32, although AMF/DRY steers had the highest (P < 0.05) TT. On d 61 to 62, TT of PMF steers was higher (P < 0.05) than AMF between 1500 to 1800. Use of sprinklers can effectively reduce TT of feedlot cattle, whereas shifting to an afternoon vs morning feeding time was most beneficial when bunks were empty several hours prior to feeding.     

确保饲料与食品安全的关键技术及措施

21世纪,绿色革命席卷全球,食品安全问题已成为世界关注的热点,从“土地到餐桌”的绿色食品已经成为人类共同追求的目标。近年来,震惊世界的“二恶英”、“疯牛病”及“瘦肉精”中毒事件引起了全世界的恐慌与不安。安全饲料与安全食品一样,是人们广泛关注的热门话题和焦点,     

安徽地区实现地震烈度速报及预警的关键技术

地震烈度速报及预警工程是利用实时监测台网获取的地震动信息对地震可能造成的破坏范围和程度进行快速评估,争取在破坏性地震波到达人口密集区和重大工程场地前的短暂时间,进行预警,为实施紧急处置措施提供依据,达到减轻地震灾害、人员伤亡与经济损失的目的,是减轻地震灾害的有效手段。本文详细介绍了安徽地区实现地震烈度速报及预警的关键性技术,以期望进一步提升安徽省防震减灾服务能力,完善地震监测及预报能力。同时,为科学地震预警提供强有力的依据以及为社会公众提供一个紧急地震信息服务窗口。     

猪冷冻精液标准化生产技术与管理要点

正1背景伴随着养猪业的发展,猪人工授精技术也得到了不断发展,在2007年时我国猪平均人工授精率仍较低,为25%～30%,其中的95%以上的精液是来自于规模化猪场的场内公猪站,商业化公猪站所占的比例极小;而此时在养猪发达国家,商业化猪人工授精率占50%～90%,单头公猪精液年产量也高出我国200～1 000头份。到了2015年后,随着国内一批养猪龙头企业,如广西扬翔、天邦