基于耕地经营需求的农地流转政策研究

农地流转是中国各界关注的热点问题。农地流转会受到供给和需求的直接影响。从耕地经营需求视角分析了农地流转及其政策。研究发现：农地流转是规模化经营的前提条件。其中,农地流转费用影响农地经营需求,进而影响农地经营规模、影响农民收入的增加、农业现代化及城镇化。中国正处于改造传统农业的初期,市场机制不健全,农地流转费用很大程度上受到政策因素的影响。最后,基于农地流转需求视角提出符合中国国情的兼顾“公平”与“效率”的农地流转政策建议。     

黑龙江省旅游业的市场绩效分析

为了研究黑龙江省市场绩效问题,通过学习和研读大量相关文献,归纳总结DEA模型在各行业市场绩效方面的运用。在此基础上,首先,采用SCP理论针对黑龙江省旅游业的市场结构、市场行为和市场绩效做了现状的分析;其次,通过运用DEA数学包络方法,把整个黑龙江省旅行社作为决策单元,把旅行社的固定资产、从业人数、企业数作为投入指标,营业收入、营业税金及附加作为产出指标,模型分析输出结果。再次,通过对输出结果中的综合技术指标、纯技术效率指标、规模效率指标这3类指标的分析,得出黑龙江省旅游业的市场绩效不高的结论。最后,针对黑龙江省旅游业的市场绩效不高、企业的行为不规范、旅游业的发展还不够完善等问题,为黑龙江省旅游业的发展提出几点建议。     

基于经济利益圆周假说的农民专业合作行为分析

以西方经济学中最基本的经济人假说为研究起点,基于一个新的理论假说,给出对农民专业合作行为的广义经济学分析,并结合新的研究结论阐述其政策含义。经济人的经济利益圆周范围不断扩大以至相互重叠,是合作行为产生的客观经济基础;农民专业合作行为产生的重要前提是家庭土地承包经营的充分发展,并始终以此为基础;农民专业合作的经济效率来源于参与者的合作收益,但必须保证合作收益大于合作成本;农民的合作净收益必须留存于合作组织内部,合理、均衡的利益反馈机制是保证其可持续运行的关键。     

完全信息静态博弈下农业保险分析——以甘肃省为例

为促进甘肃省农业保险政策的完善及提高农户对农业保险的有效需求,进而促进甘肃省农业保险的可持续发展,本研究针对农业保险市场上政府、保险公司和农户三大利益主体之间的相互影响关系,采用完全信息静态博弈理论对各个利益主体的收益进行博弈分析,同时结合甘肃省实地调研数据,选取逻辑回归分析方法提取影响农户参与农业保险的主要因素。分析得出：在保险公司和农户的博弈中,保险公司在农户有投保意愿时应当做出的积极回应为不经营策略,如果选择经营,则会损失更多(-M-P+C<0),其中,C为农户的投保金额,M为出险后农户获得的保险金,P为保险公司的经营成本;农户在保险公司做出经营策略的时候,应当积极投保,这样才能获得收益,如果保险公司选择不经营,农户无论做出什么选择,都会损失预防灾情的资金N,并且如果农户选择投保还会损失更多;在政府与保险公司的博弈中,可以看出,政府的最佳收益为0,说明政府不支持保险公司进行农业保险业务是最佳策略;而对保险公司来说,只有在政府支持的情况下,才能获得最佳收益（-M-P C Q),其中,Q表示政府对保险公司的支持成本,这说明,只有在政府支持的情况下,保险公司经营农业保险的积极性才能提高。逻辑回归分析表明文化程度、务农人数、耕地面积、农业收入占家庭收入比重、了解农业保险程度对农户农业保险购买行为具有显著的影响。     

Grey Cluster Analysis of Same Electricity Pricing in the Same Power Net in the City and Countryside in Chongqing Power Market

The economic difference in Chongqing municipality is very obvious.Chongqing must suit measures to local conditions to carry out this policy.The electricity pricing is the point of balance of the power market.The policy of same electricity pricing in same net interacts with the Chongqing power market.On the ground of Chongqing municipality power market,this paper classifies the cardinal index and sets up a grey index system including the gross domestic production,per capital gross domestic production,per capita income,power management system,population density,power consumption levle,social retail amount.Region division by means of grey cluster provides the base of decision making for the successful application of same electricity pricing in same net in Chongqing municipality.     

上海市水产品消费需求的双对数模型分析

为了研究上海市水产品消费需求的影响因素以及不同因素贡献度的大小,以上海市1999—2010年城市居民家庭人均水产品消费量、城市化水平、水产品价格指数、替代品价格指数、居民消费价格指数、居民家庭人均可支配收入等相关数据作为研究对象,采用Eviews软件对上海市水产品消费需求进行回归分析。建立了包括城市居民家庭人均可支配收入、居民消费价格指数、总人口数这些影响因素在内的上海市水产品消费需求模型。另外,通过建立关于城市居民家庭人均可支配收入、居民价格指数、总人口数的模型,对这些影响因素进行预测,从而可以对上海市水产品消费进行预测。最终认为,要增加上海市水产品的消费需求,必须从提高家庭人均可支配收入、控制居民消费价格指数、发展水产品深加工业、加强物流体系建设以及加强水产品市场质量管理等方面入手,推动上海水产业持续稳定的发展。     

福建省农民林业纯收入影响因子的计量

为了研究影响农民林业纯收入的主要因子,以便为提高农民林业纯收入提供决策参考,本文利用2001-2007年福建省统计数据,运用逐步多元线性回归分析法进行计量研究,发现2001-2007年,福建省农民林业纯收入主要受原木平均价格的影响,模型整体拟合优度为0.924,显著性水平达到0.000,影响极其显著。“两金”（育林基金和更改基金）、原木平均税费、原木平均销售费用、原木平均单位产品销售成本和原木平均其他成本等5个变量在逐步回归过程中都被剔除。     

干旱区村域种植业生产效益影响因素研究——以新疆奇台县三屯村为例

为了对干旱区村域种植业生产效益影响因素进行研究,以旱地区生态脆弱的奇台县西北湾乡三屯村为例,通过实地调查和入户问卷调研与访谈获取研究数据,利用回归分析方法,分析种植业成本构成及关键成本、成本与土地种植面积对种植业收益的影响、作物种植类型对种植业收益的影响。结果表明：打井成本和作物种植成本是影响农户种植业生产总成本的重要因素;种植业生产属于资本密集型,地租、作物种植成本和打井费用是影响种植业收益的主要因素;种植业属于粗放的土地资源依赖型,承包土地面积扩张是影响农民种植业收益的主要方式;小麦种植是农户的种植业的主要收益来源。     

农民收入的演变及增收制约因素分析

通过分析改革开放以来农民收入的现状及不同阶段的特点,以山西省农村为例,找出了农业发展进入新阶段后,制约农民收入增长的主要因素是农业收入低而不稳、非农产业发展不平衡、农村劳动力素质低、农业结构不合理、农业产业化经营水平低、地域经济发展不平衡、对农业支持保护力度不够和农业科技贡献率低等。     

Analysis of the Impact of Electric-Rate-change on Local Economy--With the Demonstration of Chongqing City

Analyses impact of China electric market changes on electric rate is analysed.Itispoinfed out that with the change of the conditions of China electric market,the electric rate should not be priced only with the considering of the supply side's cost,and that it will be more important to consider the possible reaction of the demand side's demand to the change of electric rate. the indexes of the influences of electric rate change on local economy are put forw ard, such as rate of electric cost to product value, price rising rate. The demonstrate impact of electric rate's possible change on local economy is calculated with the data of Chongqing City, 2000.     

家庭联产承包制与新农村建设

以江苏省垫湖村为例分析了家庭联产承包制对新农村建设的影响。以小规模分散经营为主的家庭联产承包责任制极大地调动了农民的生产积极性,解决了温饱问题。现如今,市场经济取代了计划经济,农业生产的目的也转变为增收。小规模分散经营与规模经营相比,一方面生产成本高,商品化生产能力差,不利于农民增收,另一方面土地流转困难,农村基础设施难以改善。合作组织弥补了分散经营的部分制度缺陷,有利于新农村建设。     

Compensation trust evaluation model of grid service

It is difficult to distinguish the cheating and other malicious behaviours in the grid service trust evaluation. A trust evaluation model for grid service based on compensation is proposed.With market mechanism, service provider and demander present the expected profit and compensate price for their behaviours to maximize their own profit. The game theory is applied to balance the expected profit and compensate price. Based on the game theory, evaluation trade strategy achieves perfect Bayesian equilibrium. Service provider and demander can choose their own trade strategy to maximize profit. Theoretical analysis and simulation results show that the service demanders can abandon the cheating motivation voluntarily, while the service providers can make right decision to choose trust evaluation. Compared with the existing model, the precision and security of the trust evaluation is enhanced greatly, while the calculating and communication cost is reduced remarkably.     

Power Plant Bid Decision-making Stragegy Based on Accounting Theory

The main theortical basis that management accountant can be regarded as electricity-generating commerce is brought forward.The main contents of management accountant,such as cost analysis,quantity benefit analysis,estimate analysis,the decision analysis,the budget,cost control,responsibility center,the possibility of the indetermination analysis theories on generating electricity,feasibility and advantages,are analyzed and demonstrated in detail.Based on these works and combining knowledge of computer,related knowledge about power and the latest rules of electric power market,the functional design for the power plant biding for on-net assistant system is completed.The power plant bid decision-making stragegy includes following functions: receiving and declareing the data of the electric power market,protecting cost analysis,protecting price decision,predicting load,safe area analysis,superior distribution,settle accounts,sensitivity analysis,controlling plan management and risk analysis etc.     

基于SWOT分析的新疆特色农产品营销对策探析

依托新疆特有的农业生产资源,发展优势特色农产品,开展特色农产品的营销是实现特色优势资源转换,传统农业向现代农业转型和提高农民收入的重要途径。利用SWOT分析对新疆特色农产品营销环境的优势、劣势、机遇和威胁进行了分析。综合各种有利和不利的因素,提出了新疆应抓住中央援疆机遇和区位优势开拓国内外市场,加强品牌建设、文化营销和绿色营销,加强农业信息建设,提高农产品精深加工能力,提高农产品质量和安全,加强标准准化生产和三品认证等对策建议。     

农民收入与消费水平的变化和影响因素分析

我国农民收入和消费的阶段性变化,客观反映了我国农村经济发展的特征。增加农民收入是提高农民消费水平的根本途径。本文以福建省为例,通过对改革开放以来农民收入与消费阶段性变化的分析,探讨农村改革、市场建设、消费环境、货币收入等因素对农民收入和消费的影响,为增加农民收入,提高农民消费水平的对策研究提供理论依据。     

Uncertainty Analysisof Financial Evaluation of Investment Project and Its Application

The economy index used in investment project is usually influenced by many uncertain factors because the basic data of which comes from forecast and budget. This paper studies such common uncertain analysis method as balance analysis of profit and loss, sensitivity analysis. The problems in these methods are pointed out and a new method of uncertainty analysis based on the Analytic Hierarchy Process and Monte Carlo method is advanced, along with its compute method in economy analysis of investment project. To an investment project, the authors set the NPV as the goal, set investment amount, prosecution cost and product price as the simulant values, which have relatively great effect on NPV. By using the new method in uncertain analysis, the conclusion can be drawn that the project is greatly influenced by the uncertain factors of future and it has high risk. A case study demonstrates that the new method can synthetically analyze the financial variety caused by uncertain factors.     

Income Distribution Characteristics of Rural Economic Sectors: Implications for Local Development Policy

Recent trends suggest increasing reliance on private markets to provide for local economic well-being. This research demonstrates the study of regional household income distribution patterns associated with productive activities important to many rural areas. A social accounting matrix analysis was used to examine agricultural production, agricultural processing, forestry production, forest products processing, and tourism in a small rural region in Wisconsin to illustrate the variable distributional characteristics of private market structures and related local economic development policy. The results showed that while high income households comprised 22 percent of total regional households in the study area, they received between 57 percent and 63 percent of earned income associated with changes in sectoral factor income. Medium income households (34 percent of regional households) received between 32 percent and 41 percent of earned income, and low income households (44 percent) received between 2 percent and 6 percent. The ability of local policy to influence distributional patterns is implied to the extent that local action can facilitate variable growth rates of targeted economic sectors.     

江淮丘陵地区玉米钾肥效应研究

试验结果表明,杂交玉米每公顷施用K 150.0 kg时产量最高,达7065kg/hm2,比对照(NPKO)增产9.9%。钾肥经济效益也以每公顷施K 150.0kg最高,比对照增收892元/hm2,产投比为2.2:1。钾肥施用量在K 150.0kg/hm2以下时,土壤中的钾素亏损,不能保持土壤中钾素平衡。     

EMH of Stock Market by the Method of R/S

First,we comment on the theory of stock market validity of China. Basing on the analysis of the actuality of stock market validity of China, the market validity by R/S method empirically is studied also, and the conclusion is given that china's stock market is in vice-effective.     

城乡收入差距的制度因素分析

伴随着经济的持续增长,中国的城乡收入差距也在不断的扩大。收入差距拉大是市场经济的一般现象,可是由于国家的制度安排造成的城乡之间机会的不平等,则会加大城乡收入异化的程度,使社会分配状况不符合社会主义的公正原则。从构建和谐社会的目标出发,解决城乡收入差距过大的一个出发点就是还农民以国民待遇,形成一体化的劳动力市场,使农民有更多的进城机会,享有平等就业和公平的收入待遇。