应用快速全血平板凝集反应对鸡白痢的检疫

鸡白痢是鸡常见的一种细菌性传染病 ,由白痢沙门氏菌所引起 ,主要侵害雏鸡和雏火鸡 ,以白色下痢和肝脏出血坏死等为特征。本病发病率和死亡率很高 ,是影响雏鸡成活率的主要因素之一 ;成年鸡多为慢性、局部性感染 ,一般不表现临床症状 ,但可一生带菌 ,病原存在于病鸡的各个脏器     

鸡传染性法氏囊病对流免疫电泳技术

鸡传染性法氏囊病对流免疫电泳技术裴天云，侯顺利，赵改敏，刘万恒（兰州军区军事医学研究所７３００２０）我们在鸡传染性法氏囊病（ＩＢＤ）研究中，建立了对流免疫电泳技术诊断ＩＢＤ的方法，现简报如下。１材料与方法１．１材料抗原、阳性血清由中国农业科学院兰州兽...     

应用对流免疫电泳诊断鸡传染性鼻炎的研究

建立了诊断鸡传染性鼻炎的对流免疫电泳技术，试验结果表明，该法较琼脂凝胶沉淀试验的敏感性纛少高８倍，并具有敏感、快速、适合大批量检等特点。     

全血与血清平板凝集试验检测鸡白痢的对比

对北京油鸡两个品系216只母鸡,在17~49周期间每隔8周同时用全血和血清平板凝集试验进行鸡白痢检测对比分析。结果发现,血清检出阳性率高于全血检出阳性率,且血清检出阳性个体包含全血检出阳性个体;同时,检测结果也表明,33周龄鸡白痢阳性率达到最高,此后阳性率下降。因此,在鸡白痢净化过程中采用血清平板凝集法比全血平板凝集法检测更为敏感,在25~33周对北京油鸡群体增加一次鸡白痢净化更有助于加快净化进程。本研究可为其他地方品种种鸡鸡白痢检测工作提供参考。     

全血平板凝集法检测鸡白痢

鸡白痢病是全球性流行的严重危害养鸡业、造成严重环境污染的细菌性疾病。鸡白痢是由鸡白痢沙门菌引起的,主要侵害雏鸡,其他禽类亦有感染。本病最早在1960年由美国里特格尔报道为雏鸡致死性败血病,主要发生于孵化后不久的雏鸡,常常出现白色下痢并呈现急性败血症,可引起大批死     

琼脂扩散法排除平板凝集法中的假阳性鸡白痢

<正> 一、全血平板凝集不但能检出鸡白痢特异性抗体而且也能检出非异性抗体(类属抗体)。上表说明鸡白痢全血平板凝集阳性血清不但能凝集白痢沙门氏菌,而且也能凝集大肠杆菌、绿脓杆菌、变形杆菌、葡萄球菌。因为这些细菌具有和鸡白痢沙门氏菌抗原中相同或相近似的抗原,白痢鸡血清中有特     

应用磷酸盐缓冲系统进行对流免疫电泳诊断鸡传染性法氏囊病的研究

磷酸盐缓冲系统（ＰＢＳ）可代替巴比妥缓冲系统（ＢＢＳ）进行对流免疫电泳（ＣＩＥＰ），并能用于鸡传染性法氏囊病（ＩＢＤ）的诊断。试验结果表明，ＰＢＳ－ＣＩＥＰ诊断ＩＢＤ的敏感性与ＢＢＳ－ＣＩＥＰ相当，且具有沉淀线清晰，结果易于判定，成本低廉等优点。     

Comparison of agar gel immunodiffusion test, rapid slide agglutination test, microbiological culture and PCR for the diagnosis of canine brucellosis

The performance of the rapid slide agglutination test, with and without 2-mercaptoethanol (RSAT and 2ME-RSAT) and agar gel immunodiffusion test (AGID) was evaluated for the diagnosis of brucellosis in naturally infected dogs. The microbiological culture, PCR and clinical parameters were used as reference. A total of 167 dogs were clinically examined and tested by blood culture, culture of semen/vaginal swab and PCR in blood and semen/vaginal swab. According to the results observed the 167 dogs were divided into three groups: Brucella canis infected dogs (Group 1), B. canis non-infected dogs (Group 2) and dogs with suspected brucellosis (Group 3). The dogs were then tested by RSAT, 2ME-RSAT and AGID. Groups 1 and 2 were used to calculate the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of the serological tests and the results observed in Group 3 were also discussed. The diagnostic sensitivity of RSAT, 2ME-RSAT and AGID was respectively 70.58%, 31.76%, and 52.94%. The diagnostic specificity of RSAT, 2ME-RSAT and AGID was respectively 83.34%, 100%, and 100%. In dogs with suspected brucellosis 15% were RSAT positive, none was 2ME-RSAT positive and 5% were AGID positive. Although the serological tests are the most commonly used methods for brucellosis diagnosis, a significant proportion of false-negative results were observed highlighting the importance of the direct methods of diagnosis, like blood culture and PCR to improve the diagnosis of canine brucellosis.     

Evaluation of the agar gel immunodiffusion test for diagnosis of subclinical paratuberculosis in cattle

Concurrent bacteriologic culture of feces and agar gel immunodiffusion (AGID) testing was performed on all cows and bred heifers over 14 months old in 10 dairy herds during a 32-month period to determine the effectiveness of the AGID test for the detection of subclinical paratuberculosis. Herds were sampled 5 times and, when possible, culled animals were tested again at slaughter. During 5 herd-wide samplings, Mycobacterium paratuberculosis was isolated from 139 fecal specimens obtained from 109 cattle. Results of the AGID test were simultaneously positive 40 of 139 times (28.8%). Thirty-six of the 109 cattle (33.0%) determined to be infected had a positive AGID test result at some point during the 5 herd-wide samplings. When results of tests performed at time of slaughter were included, 117 cattle were identified as infected by culture methods; 55 of these (47.0%) were AGID test-positive at some point during the study. The upper limit of the maximal false-positive rate for the AGID test was 2.1%. On the basis of colony counts from cultures, subclinically infected cows shedding higher numbers of M paratuberculosis in their feces were more likely to have positive AGID test results (P less than 0.0001). In known infected cattle, neither the culture nor AGID test results were consistently positive on repeated testing. Of 48 official calfhood paratuberculosis vaccinates tested as adults, 3 had positive AGID test results and in 1 of these, M paratuberculosis was also isolated from the feces, indicating that the rate of false-positive AGID test results in calfhood vaccinates is low.     

Comparison of hemagglutination-inhibition, agar gel precipitin, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for measuring antibodies against influenza viruses in chickens

Individual variations in serological response to avian influenza virus infection were demonstrated after experimental infection of specific-pathogen-free chickens with H6N2 influenza virus. Homologous antibodies were detected from the 6th to the 157th day after infection using hemagglutination-inhibition or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and from the 11th to the 157th day by agar gel precipitation test.     

Use of the agar diffusion precipitation test in the diagnosis of hog cholera

The application of the agar diffusion precipitation (ADP) test for diagnosing hog cholera was investigated. The test used as antigen, pancreatic tissue from 272 pigs that had been inoculated with hog cholera virus. The test was positive for 13.5% of the animals that were sick for 4 days or less, 40% of those sick for 5 days, and 77% of those sick for 6 days or more. The test was positive for 13.5% of all animals that had been vaccinated with crystal violet-glycerol hog cholera vaccine and had been sick for at least 6 days after challenge inoculation.     

Comparison of the complement-fixation and agar gel immunodiffusion tests for diagnosis of subclinical bovine paratuberculosis

The performance of the serum complement fixation (CF) test was compared with that of a serum agar gel immunodiffusion (AGID) test on 74 subclinically infected and 154 uninfected cattle in 6 commercial midwestern dairy herds with Mycobacterium paratuberculosis infection and on 30 cattle in a herd that was free of infection. Infection status of cattle within herds was established by performance of a series of 3 or more fecal cultures and of ileocecal lymph node cultures of culled cattle. In cattle with subclinical infection detected by culturing, the sensitivity estimates of the CF and AGID tests were 10.8% (3.6% SE) and 18.9% (4.5% SE), respectively. In the cattle classified as disease free, the specificity estimates of the CF and AGID tests were 97.4% (1.3% SE) and 99.4% (0.6% SE), respectively. Neither set of estimates was significantly different. Negative test results obtained with the use of either test in apparently normal cattle from suspect herds should be interpreted with caution because both tests suffer from low sensitivities in subclinically infected animals. However, the AGID test may be more useful in regulatory situations in which the CF test is currently used because the AGID test is easier to perform and to interpret.