“舒城小兰花”系列名优茶采制技术

名优茶是名茶和优质茶的统称,它包括进入流通领域的茶叶优质商品和名牌商品。改革开放20多年来,名优茶生产一直保持快速发展态势,呈现产销两旺的局面。1990年全国名优茶产量1.7万吨,占茶叶总产量3.3%,产值4.3亿元,占茶叶总产值的14.32%;1996年全国名优茶产量9.4万吨,占茶叶总产量15.9%;2000年全国名优茶产量14.4万吨,占茶叶总产量21.1%,产值55.52亿元,占茶叶总产值的62.2%;2005年全国名优茶产量23.0万吨,占茶叶总产量26.4%,产值111.5亿元,占茶叶总产值的72.0%。名优茶生产在我国茶叶产业中已处于举足轻重的地位。名优茶可持续发展,不仅涉及…     

《浙江茶叶实用技术》教学片中的多媒体技术应用介绍

1.制作<浙江茶叶实用技术>教学片的背景 浙江省是我国茶叶的主要产区,全省69个县市中有63个产茶,茶业在全省农业中占有重要的地位,被列为农业的十大支柱产业之一.2003年全省茶园面积为214.22万亩,茶叶总产量13.27万t,总产值为32.58亿元,均占全省经济作物总产量和总产值的10%左右.     

福建省茶叶竞争力分析及发展对策

１福建茶叶生产基本情况２００１年，福建省茶叶种植面积１３０６４６hm２，占全国茶叶种植面积的１１．４５％，居全国第三位；总产量１３．３９万t，占全国总产量的１９．０８％，居全国第一位；６６７m２产８０．７６kg，比全国平均水平高３０．２％；茶叶出口到日本、欧美、东南亚等五大洲４０多个国家和地区，年出口创汇７５００万美元（省外口岸出口创汇２０００万美元），居全国第二位；实现茶叶产值达１５．４亿元，占全国茶叶总产值９６．７亿元的１５．９３％，工业产值近３０亿元。全省茶叶种植、加工、经销从业人员达３００多万…     

安溪茶业"三步走"发展战略

1 安溪茶业的发展现状 安溪是我国乌龙茶主产区,1998年全县茶园面积达1.53万hm2,茶叶产量1.3万t,约占全国乌龙茶总产量1/4,福建省乌龙茶的1/3.1998年茶叶总产值4亿元,占全县农业总产值1/4,创税利3000多万元,占县财政收入的18%左右.农民人均收入中仅茶叶收入就占20%以上.1995年3月,国家农业部、中国农学会授予安溪县"中国乌龙茶(名茶)之乡"的光荣称号.     

因地制宜优化川茶产品结构

四川是我国主要产茶省份之一,2002年全省茶园面积达到143万亩,其中采摘面积110万亩;茶叶产量6万余t,其中名优茶产量2.0万t,约占总产量的三分之一;茶叶产值6.6亿元,其中名优茶产值3.4亿元,占茶叶总产值的51.5%,年创税收1.2亿元.     

发挥川茶优势打造茶叶出口大省

“十五”以来，是四川省茶叶产业历史上发展最快、发展质量最好的时期。全省现有产茶县（市）120多个，重点产茶县（市）30多个：2006年全省茶园面积15．53万公顷，无性系良种茶园比重提高到42%；茶叶总产量10．0万吨，其中名优茶产量3．98万吨；茶叶总产值18．0亿元，其中名优茶产值达到11．5亿元，全省茶叶质量安全水平稳步提高，70％的投产茶园通过了无公害生产基地认证，名山县、峨眉山市、洪雅县被列为全国无公害茶叶示范基地县；21家企业的79个产品获得了绿色食品证书；33家企业的1667公顷茶园获得了有机茶认证：     

略谈常德茶叶生产

1 概况茶叶是我市的大宗经济作物,在农业总产值中占有一定的比重。全市现有茶园面积20.31万亩,其中采摘面积16.97万亩,1992年生产各类毛茶8551t,平均亩产毛茶50.39kg,茶叶产值为5651.08万元,平均亩产值327.34元。其中绿茶5956.1t,占茶叶总产量的69.65%,绿茶产值4712.87万元,占全市茶叶总产值的83.40%;红碎茶195.3t,占茶叶总产量的2.28%,产值93.85万元,占茶叶总产值的1.66%;红条茶1000.2t,占茶叶     

福建省无公害茶叶生产中的害虫综合治理策略

福建是我国主要茶叶产区,不仅种茶历史悠久、种植面积大,而且茶叶品质优良、出口量大,在国际上享有盛誉。2001年全省茶园面积为12.92万hm2,产量12.60万t,占全国茶园面积的14%,茶叶总产量的16%,分别居全国的第二位和第三位。福建省绿色食品茶叶生产虽然起步较晚,但发展迅速。目前已有23家企业,36个茶叶产品获得中国绿色食品发展中心认证,取得了绿色食品标志的使用权,其中乌龙茶产品22个,绿茶产品11个,白茶及其他产品3个。绿色食品茶叶种植面积1万hm2,总产量为1.2万t,分别占全省茶园总面积和总产量的7.74%、9.52%。随着我国加入WTO,发展绿色…     

2000年浙江茶叶大事回顾

1.全年茶叶量减价增,名优茶持续增长 2000年浙江茶叶生产保持了稳产增值的良好发展势头.全年茶叶生产总的特点是:春茶开采推迟,采摘洪峰集中,大宗茶形势欠佳,名优茶持续增长,有机茶发展迅猛,蒸青茶快速发展,整个茶叶产销形势稳中有升.据业务部门统计,全省茶叶总产量11.0万t,比上年减少6.5%;茶叶总产值22.8亿元,比上年增加1.9%.其中名优茶产量2.8万t,比上年增产13.8%;名优茶产值17.4亿元,比上年增加20.0%;名优茶产量、产值分别占茶叶总产量、总产值的25.4%和76.3%.     

浙江茶情（3）

一、浙江省春茶生产减产增值据省茶叶生产业务部门统计,全省春茶总产量为6.2万吨、总产值17.2亿元,同比产量减8.8%、产值增加15.4%;其中名优茶产量2.04万吨、产值14.7亿元,同比分别增长15.9%和24.6%,名优茶占春茶总产量、总产值的比重分别达到了37.4%和85.3%,较上年又提高7个百分点.     

稻麦双晚对病虫草发生的影响及解决措施

随着早熟晚粳、中熟晚粳广泛种植,水稻轻型省力栽培方式旱直播的推广,病虫也发生了变化,成熟期显著推迟,下茬无法在适宜播期种植,影响粮食丰产稳产。提出筛选早熟当家品种、大力推广机插秧、加大粮食烘干设备的投入、合理施肥、精准植保等对策。     

加强闽台科技合作交流发展我省甘蔗业

概述了海峡两岸农业交流与合作的现状,提出了应该共同呼吁尽快实现两岸“三通”,开放农业生物技术图书期刊资料交流以及开放生物学科方面网络的思路,以便为农业交流与合作的顺畅开展打好基础,并寄希望能够就糖蔗、果蔗以及甘蔗笋等方面的研究与开发到台湾学习取经,开展学术交流或与台湾同行共同开展研究,为我省甘蔗业的发展作出贡献。     

Sorghum and millet phenols and antioxidants

Sorghum is a good source of phenolic compounds with a variety of genetically dependent types and levels including phenolic acids, flavonoids, and condensed tannins. Most sorghums do not contain condensed tannins, but all contain phenolic acids. Pigmented sorghums contain unique anthocyanins that could be potential food colorants. Some sorghums have a prominent pigmented testa that contains condensed tannins composed of flavan-3-ols with variable length. Flavan-3-ols of up to 8–10 units have been separated and quantitatively analyzed. These tannin sorghums are excellent antioxidants, which slow hydrolysis in foods, produce naturally dark-colored products and increase the dietary fiber levels of food products. Sorghums have high concentration of 3-deoxyanthocyanins (i.e. luteolinidin and apigenidin) that give stable pigments at high pH. Pigmented and tannin sorghum varieties have high antioxidant levels that are comparable to fruits and vegetables. Finger millet has tannins in some varieties that contain a red testa. There are limited data on the phenolic compounds in millets; only phenolic acids and flavones have been identified.     

Sorghum and millet phenols and antioxidants

Sorghum is a good source of phenolic compounds with a variety of genetically dependent types and levels including phenolic acids, flavonoids, and condensed tannins. Most sorghums do not contain condensed tannins, but all contain phenolic acids. Pigmented sorghums contain unique anthocyanins that could be potential food colorants. Some sorghums have a prominent pigmented testa that contains condensed tannins composed of flavan-3-ols with variable length. Flavan-3-ols of up to 8–10 units have been separated and quantitatively analyzed. These tannin sorghums are excellent antioxidants, which slow hydrolysis in foods, produce naturally dark-colored products and increase the dietary fiber levels of food products. Sorghums have high concentration of 3-deoxyanthocyanins (i.e. luteolinidin and apigenidin) that give stable pigments at high pH. Pigmented and tannin sorghum varieties have high antioxidant levels that are comparable to fruits and vegetables. Finger millet has tannins in some varieties that contain a red testa. There are limited data on the phenolic compounds in millets; only phenolic acids and flavones have been identified.     

大豆几种常见病虫草害的诊断与防治

1大豆花叶病毒病 大豆病毒病（Soybean Mosaic Virus,SMV）是世界性病害之一。我国东北地区已鉴定的有5种,即大豆花叶病、顶枯病、蚕豆萎蔫病、南方菜豆花叶病、花生条纹病毒。其中大豆花叶病在全国大豆主要产区都有发生,十分常见。     

大豆根潜蝇及根腐病的发生与防治

近年来，随着大豆播种面积的增长，受病虫危害日趋严重。特别是大豆根潜蝇（又名根明）与根腐病共同发生危害，严重影响大豆的生产。综合防治技术主要手段是三年以上轮作，适时播种及种衣剂拌种等措施。     

Tuber and starch quality of wild and cultivated potato species and cultivars

Summary Between 1993 and 1998 205 different potato cultivars and 1220 accessions/genotypes of wild and cultivated potato species from the IPK Genebank Gatersleben were evaluated. Parameters interesting for starch isolation and especially for the use of starch were determined. Altogether, there was a higher variability in wild potato species than in cultivated potatoes for all characteristics investigated: dry matter content, starch content, protein content, amylose content and mean particle diameter of starch granules.     

Yield and quality of winter and spring triticales for forage and grain

In field experiments conducted over 2 years in Mediterranean conditions, five winter and five spring triticales were evaluated for forage and grain production in the same cropping season. The experiments had two treatments, namely harvesting for grain only, and dual-purpose forage and grain production. In the latter treatment, forage was cut when the first node was detectable (Zadoks' stage 31), without removing the apical meristems. Grain was harvested when ripe (Zadoks' stage 92) in both cut and uncut plots.
Environmental conditions affected grain production and protein content more than forage yield and quality. Winter triticales yielded about 43% more forage than spring types, but after forage removal the spring types yielded about 36% more grain than winter triticales.
Reductions in grain yield after clipping were more pronounced in winter (32%) than in spring (19%) types. Forage crude protein content was significantly higher in the spring types studied (24.6%) than in the winter types (23.5%), the opposite being true for fibre content (20.7 and 21.6% respectively). Grain crude protein content did not differ between grain and dual-purpose treatments, but was higher in the spring triticales (12.8%) than in the winter types (11.9%). There was more variability for the measured traits within the winter triticales studied than within the spring types.     

种子加工、检验理论与技术现状及思考

种子加工及检验是种子向市场流通的关键，是商业化育种中赋予种子商品属性不可或缺的环节。种子加工、检验理论与技术的研究是完善种业产业链、实现规模化商业育种、夯实“育繁推一体化”种业科学的重要一环。中国的种业科学技术体系正在形成与完善之中，受制于行业发展水平，种子加工及检验理论与技术相对薄弱。本文回顾了种子加工及检验理论与技术研究发展历程，提出了完善中国种业科学发展的策略与建议。围绕种业发展的需要，在做好品种优质化繁育的基础上，分析种子加工及检验理论与技术的新方向和新需求，加强种业应用性研究，建立先进的种子质量检验体系，研制适合现代种业发展需求的种子加工设备，打造种子加工产业标准化生产体系，完善种业科学技术学科建设，促进种业产业持续健康发展。     

Effects of Organic and Chemical Fertilizers and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Inoculation on Growth and Quality of Cucumber and Lettuce

Summary

Arbuscular mycorrhizae were inoculated into phosphorus-deficient soil fertilized with either organic or chemical fertilizer with cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) as the first crop and lettuce (Lactu-ca sativa L.) as the second crop but without additional fertilization and AM inoculation. AM increased dry matter and fruit yield of cucumber significantly in the unfertilized, organic-fertilized and P-deficient plants compared with the fully chemical-fertilized plants. AM inoculation increased the available phosphorus in plant and soil by around 30% for all treatments except for those chemically-fertilized. The rate of AM infection did not differ significantly among the fertilization treatments, but the infection intensity was higher in unfertilized, organic-fertilized and phosphorus-deficient treatments than chemical-fertilized treatment. The residual effects of AM-inoculated to cucumber were evident for lettuce in all pre-treatments that were unfertilized and un-inoculated for the second cropping. Without P-fertilization, neither crop could grow optimally even when the soil was inoculated with AM, suggesting that AM could not serve as a substitute for phosphorus fertilizer. However, the other beneficial effects of AM on crop growth and yield could not be fulfilled with phosphorus fertilizer.