核桃扁叶甲综合治理

在调查贵州省纳雍县核桃扁叶甲发生为害情况和发生规律的基础上,提出防治措施,以减轻核桃扁叶甲对核桃的为害,提高核桃生产的产量与质量。     

玉米异跗莹叶甲在西安地区的发生与防治

玉米异跗莹叶甲是西安地区新发生的一种害虫,对玉米生产造成为害,且发生越来越重。文章介绍了玉米异跗莹叶甲的形态特征、为害特点、生活史、习性及防治措施,为进一步认识玉米异跗莹叶甲和防治提供依据。     

橘潜叶甲的发生与防治技术

近年来,橘潜叶甲开始在北碚区部分柑橘园发生,其为害呈逐年上升趋势,对柑橘的树势、品质和产量影响很大。橘潜叶甲(Podagricomela nigricollis Chen)别名柑橘潜叶甲、橘潜斧,又称红叶跳虫,幼虫称为绘图虫,属鞘翅目、叶甲科。分布于重庆、四川、浙江、江苏、江西、湖南、湖北、福建、广西和广东等地。仅为害柑橘类,以山地柑橘园发生较重。     

为害丹参的新害虫——旋心异跗萤叶甲

2008年在陕西省山阳县发现一种局部严重为害丹参的害虫,经鉴定确认,该虫为旋心异跗萤叶甲Apophylia flavovirens Fairmaire。文中主要描述旋心异跗萤叶甲的形态特征、寄主、分布、为害症状和发生规律,并提出旋心异跗萤叶甲的防治建议。     

双斑长跗萤叶甲发生规律观察

双斑长跗萤叶甲[Monolepta hieroglyphica(Motschulsky)]俗称双斑萤叶甲。原来寄主为豆类、苜蓿、玉米等作物,2002年在玉米制种地附近的棉田里小面积为害棉花,2004年以后成为博乐地区棉田的主要害虫。为了更好地控制其为害,2004￣2005年对该虫的为害特点和发生规律在田间进行了饲养及田间观察。1为害特点双斑长跗萤叶甲以成虫在白天为害棉花叶片,花蕾苞叶、花柱,夜间躲在棉叶下休息。一般在5月中旬棉花苗期出现,开始出现成虫取食棉花叶片表层叶肉组织,5月下旬棉花蕾期是双斑长跗萤叶甲为害最严重时期,7月中旬花期为害减轻,因气温高、棉株叶…     

双斑萤叶甲对棚室蔬菜的为害及防治策略

根据各地相关部门调查,近年双斑萤叶甲在北方菜区为害加重。双斑萤叶甲一年发生1代,分布广,成虫为害期长,数量多,集中为害秋菜幼苗,须采取科学有效的防治策略;同时,合理耕作,规避为害,提高植株的抗逆性或耐受能力。对为害较重的田块,除及时采取化学防治外,还要补水、补肥,加快植株生长,减轻损失。     

警惕双斑长跗莹叶甲加重为害北方多种作物

据内蒙古、陕西、新疆等北方省(自治区)植保站监测,原为次要害虫的双斑长跗莹叶甲[Monolepta hieroglyphica(Motschulsky)]又称双圈莹叶甲、双斑莹叶甲近年在玉米、大豆、棉花及一些蔬菜等多种作物上为害程度明显上升.具为害作物种类多、发生面积大和虫口密度高等特点,对农作物生产造成较大威胁.     

宝鸡市陈仓区玉米双斑长足跗萤叶甲发生特点与防治对策

玉米双斑长足跗萤叶甲(Momoleptahieroglyphica Motschulsky)又叫双斑萤叶甲。2002年在陈仓地区夏玉米上首次较重发生,目前已成为夏玉米上的一种主要害虫,并有逐渐加重发生趋势,一般受害田产量损失率达15%左右。为此,笔者自2002年至今通过4年的田间观察及防治探索,初步摸清了玉米双斑长足跗萤叶甲在我区夏玉米上的发生特点及田间消长规律,并摸索出了先治田外后治田内的一套经济有效的综合防治措施。1发生情况玉米双斑长足跗萤叶甲在2002年以前在玉米田很少发现为害,但自2002年夏玉米田暴发以来,发生为害程度日趋严重(表1)。时间(年)发生面…     

草原沙葱萤叶甲发生趋势及植物源农药田间防治效果

为分析沙葱萤叶甲发生趋势,筛选出具有较好防治效果的药剂,对沙葱萤叶甲在内蒙古草原的为害进行了监测,并以幼虫为试虫,采用大型喷雾机械对3种常用植物源农药进行了防效试验。结果表明,0.3%印楝素乳油、1.3%苦参碱水剂及1.2%烟碱·苦参碱乳油在制剂用量30mL/667m2条件下,药后3、5d及10d对沙葱萤叶甲的防治效果为85.5%~100.0%,与4.5%高效氯氰菊酯水乳剂相比差异不显著(P0.05)。沙葱萤叶甲在内蒙古的为害呈加重趋势,在甘肃、宁夏、新疆等地发生可能性大,应加强实时监测。印楝素、苦参碱和烟碱·苦参碱对沙葱萤叶甲防治效果好,在草原沙葱萤叶甲绿色防控上具有很高的推广价值。     

宜昌市城郊柑桔潜叶甲发生规律与防治方法

桔潜叶甲过去仅山地沙田柚、甜橙园局部有发生,2003年以后,在宜昌市西陵区窑湾乡沙河村、唐家湾村温州蜜柑园普遍发生,并且发生范围呈逐渐扩大、为害程度呈逐渐加重的趋势。1为害情况调查发现桔潜叶甲主要为害温州蜜柑嫩叶,严重影响桔叶的生长。2003年3月20日,随机调查平均百叶     

The Problem of Protecting Crops Against Harmful Birds in Poland

From the point of view of Polish agriculture, the rook (Corpus frugilegus L.) causes the most damage. Jackdaws (C. monedula L.) usually forage together with rooks and are equally abundant as a breeding species in the southern and central regions of Poland. Fields under spring oats, barley, wheat, maize, peas and winter wheat are the main feeding grounds of rooks and jackdaws. Unlike the corvine birds, starlings (Sturnus vulgaris L.), in Poland, only cause damage to cherry orchards, although in certain areas they also attack strawberries and currants. The house sparrows (Passer domesticus L.) cause considerable damage to ripening crops of wheat, barley, and sunflowers. Domestic pigeons cause considerable damage to crops of peas, wheat and maize grown within a 50 km radius of a town.     

50g/L咪唑乙烟酸水剂对大豆田杂草防效及安全性研究

选用50g/L咪唑乙烟酸水剂除草剂对大豆进行苗后茎叶喷雾处理.研究其对大豆田杂草的防效及对大豆的生长发育、产量和品质的影响.结果表明:50g/L咪唑乙烟酸水剂对大豆生长安全用量为200mL/667m2以内;50g/L咪唑乙烟酸水剂施药用量为300mL/667m2、400mL/667m2、600mL/667m2,除草彻底,但大豆叶片受害,产生大片药斑,生长受到严重抑制.但在生长后期基本都能恢复正常生长.     

宜宾市烟田杂草的发生及危害调查

采用倒置“W”九点取样法对四川省宜宾市烟田杂草的种类、分布及危害进行调查。结果表明,宜宾市烟田杂草共有33科94属124种,其中发生频度较高的为马唐、铁苋菜、辣子草、尼泊尔蓼、马兰、艾蒿。根据相对多度和杂草危害级值划分,宜宾市烟田危害最严重杂草为马唐、尼泊尔蓼、空心莲子草、无芒稗和鸭跖草。     

扁桃棉花间作对棉田牧草盲蝽发生与为害的影响

为明确扁桃棉花间作对棉田牧草盲蝽Lygus pratensis(Linnaeus)发生及为害的影响,2014-2015年采用目测法对单作棉田、扁桃棉花间作(东西)田、扁桃棉花间作(南北)田3种类型棉田牧草盲蝽发生与为害情况进行了调查。结果显示:3种类型棉田牧草盲蝽种群动态趋势基本一致且无显著性差异,但均呈现显著的季节性变化;对3种类型棉田牧草盲蝽不同虫态百株累计虫量而言,单作棉田成虫、若虫和成若虫累计数量均显著高于2种间作类型的棉田,单作棉田百株棉花棉铃被害率亦显著高于2种间作类型棉田。对2种类型的间作棉田,扁桃棉花间作(东西)田牧草盲蝽各虫态的种群数量和棉铃被害率均低于扁桃棉花间作(南北)田,其中2015年各虫态的种群数量达到显著性差异。研究表明相较于单作棉田,扁桃棉花间作不利于棉田牧草盲蝽的发生与危害。     

A next-generation-sequencing approach to diagnose viral diseases of greenhouse ranunculus

Journal of General Plant Pathology - Viruses that infect Ranunculus asiaticus L., a globally important greenhouse ornamental, have consistently caused serious damage in Japan. We coupled...     

Investigations into the Wood-pigeon Problem in Cabbage Fields during Winter

In Europe the population of the wood-pigeon ( Columba palumbus L.) is increasing, consequently agricultural and horticultural damage is also increasing, especially in cereal and Brassica fields. In Great Britain long-term investigations of this problem have been made.
In the Federal Republic of Germany, wood-pigeons cause a lot of damage to cabbage fields. Farmers, in the Mainz-Gonsenheim area, suffer damage amounting to more than DM 100,000 per annum, to their Brassica crops. This amounts to 30% of the harvest. Our Institute has started a research program to find methods of reducing the damage in cabbage fields and to test methods of controlling the pigeon populations. The investigations are supported by the Ministerium für Landwirtschaft, Weinbau und Umweltschutz in Rheinland-Pfalz.     

Control of the pink bollworm <Emphasis Type="Italic">Pectinophora gossypiella</Emphasis> by the mating disruption technique on cotton in a semi-arid region of Turkey

This study evaluated the effectiveness of mating disruption pheromones for the pink bollworm (PBW) Pectinophora gossypiella (Saund.) (Lep.: Gelechiidae) and determined the damage levels of cotton plants in Turkey in 2007 and 2008. Adult populations were monitored by pheromone traps, with 250 pieces ha⁻¹ of PBW rope dispensers used for each treated field of approximately 12 ha. Calculations were based on comparing cotton yield in the control field with that in treated fields. The PB-Rope L dispensers significantly decreased both number of males in the pheromone traps and cotton boll damage. Results showed that PB-Rope L dispenser application during the square period of cotton plants effectively reduced damage. Cotton yield of treated fields was increased compared with control fields by 20.28% and 10.28% in 2007 and 2008, respectively. Infestation ratios were determined by comparing cotton bolls collected from treated fields with bolls from control fields; the results were 25% and 15% for control fields and 16% and 4% for treated fields in 2007 and 2008, respectively. Larval densities in the control fields were higher than those in the treated fields in both years. Results showed that the PB-Rope L dispensers released pheromone satisfactorily to disrupt pest mating.     

Control of the cowpea aphid, Aphis craccivora Koch (Homoptera: Aphididae), in cowpea, Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.

Cowpea, Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walpers, is a major dietary staple in tropical Africa where it is most often cultivated. The production is, however, greatly hampered by severe infestation and damage by insect pests including the cowpea aphid, Aphis craccivora Koch. The damage and bionomics of the aphid are briefly introduced. Chemical, cultural, physical and biological methods, and use of plant resistance for A. craccivora control in cowpea are reviewed. Finally, prospects for integrated pest management are discussed     

Altica cyanea (Col: Chrysomelidae) for the biological control of Ludwigia prostrata (Onagraceae) in China

Abstract

Altica cyanea (Weber) damages Ludwigia prostrata Roxb in China. It is multivoltine, having up to six generations a year. The host range of the beetle was examined in the field and in the laboratory, and it was demonstrated that A. cyanea occurs on and attacks the main host L. prostrata and another weed, Rotala indica Koehne. Its ability to damage L. prostrata was studied in field cages in Nanchang. A. cyanea was shown to damage these caged plants heavily and to be a promising biological agent for this weed.     

南美斑潜蝇寄生蜂种类及保护利用研究进展

本文概述了南美斑潜蝇Liriomyza huidobrensis Blanchard的寄生蜂种类及其保护利用研究进展，可供南症状斑潜蝇天敌的引进、保护和利用研究参考。