标准化肉羊养殖小区建设技术研究与应用

随着城乡一体化建设和畜牧产业结构的调整优化,人口向中心村集中,养殖区集中,已成为新农村建设的方向和主流,广大农村集体和个人投资兴建牛羊养殖小区的热情越来越高,在养殖小区建设中由于没有相关经验的畜牧专业技术人员的规划和指导,也没有统一的标准和模式参考借鉴,造成目前小区存在建设选址不当、规划设计不合理、养殖设施不配套、建设标准滞后、建设成本大、施工浪费严重等问题,如何全面科学合理地进行养殖小区规划设计和建设,按照农业部养殖小区（场）建设标准要求,笔者就我县肉羊养殖小区的建设做了如下的探索研究.     

牛羊养殖小区规划建设原则及应该考虑的因素

在养殖小区建设中由于没有相关畜牧专业技术人员的规划和指导。也没有统一成熟的标准和模式参考借鉴．造成目前部分小区建设选址不当,规划设计不合理。出现养殖设施不配套。建设标准滞后,建设成本大、施工浪费严重等问题．如何全面科学合理的进行养殖小区规划设计和建设,按照农业部养殖小区（场）六化标准建设要求,结合笔者多年来在养殖小区规...     

中央又出资550万元扶持遂宁生猪标准化规模化养殖

近日，遂宁市已成功争取到中央资金550万元投入生猪生产。据悉，该批资金将优先用于安排生猪养殖小区粪污处理设施建设，适当安排猪舍标准化改造及水、电、路、防疫等配套设施建设，推进遂宁市生猪标准化规模养殖场和养殖小区建设。     

畜牧小区建设的探索

贵州盘县自2000年开始建立了以黄牛饲养为主的饲养小区113个,对规模化养殖进行了有益的探索。一、畜牧小区建设的组织方式和运行机制1.畜牧小区建设的组织形式:以自然村寨为单元,由养殖户自愿组合。统一规划小区;统一圈舍标准,集中建设附属配套设施;对家畜进行集中饲养。或者是     

关子璧山县畜牧业龙头企业相养殖小区建设的调研与思考

近几年来,我县畜牧业取得了较快发展,在促进农村经济发展和农民增收等方面发挥了巨大作用。全县上下积极探索发展规模化集约化养殖业的新路子,出现一批产供销一条龙服务的养殖龙头企业和各类畜禽养殖小区的建设热潮。龙头企业和畜禽养殖小区的建设,是我县畜牧业适应市场的需要,也是提高畜产品质量安全、增强市场竞争力,促进我县畜牧业可持续发展的一项战略性举措。     

建好牧业养殖小区推进畜牧生产方式转变

1牧业养殖小区的概念 对牧业养殖小区。目前全国还没有一个准确的定义．根据牧业养殖小区建设实践，结合一些专家学者的意见。笔者给牧业养殖小区作如下定义：牧业养殖小区是指在适合畜禽养殖的地域内按照集约化养殖要求，建立的有一定规模、较为规范、管理严格的畜禽养殖基地。基地内养殖设施完备，技术规程及措施统一．粪污处理配套，由养殖业主进行标准化养殖。     

武汉市畜禽养殖小区建设的思考

畜禽养殖小区是一种新型的畜牧业生产方式，是指在适合畜禽养殖的区域内，按照集约化、标准化、规范化养殖要求统一建设，具有一定养殖规模的畜禽饲养区，畜禽养殖小区的基本要求；距离村庄或居住生活区500m以上，专门从事某一特定畜禽养殖，区内饲养设施和防疫设施完备，粪污处理配套，技术规程统一，管理措施一致，     

城市渔业与水产养殖业的提质增效和转型升级

<正>近年来,城市渔业在都市城市化地区和城乡结合地带迅速崛起,引起了广泛的关注。通过引进国外先进技术设备和良种品系,依靠城市综合经济实力和技术创新能力,逐步形成了集设施渔业、水族业、工厂化养殖、休闲渔业和特种(鳄鱼、鳄龟、大鲵等)养殖为一体的新型渔业形式。城市渔业既继承了传统水产养殖业的主要内容,同时实现了水产养殖技术和设施的升级,拓展了水产养殖业的新内容和新领域,发展成为一种集合了古老     

桑植:培训大鲵质量安全生产管理及养殖技术

<正>11月17日,桑植县畜牧局举办了以"抓好大鲵质量安全,防范质量安全事故"为主题的大鲵质量安全及养殖技术培训,县局主要负责人和注册驯养繁殖的大鲵养殖户参加培训。畜牧局专家从养殖档案的规范填写、饵料鱼采购注意的事项、大鲵及饵料鱼的检测程序、标准化健康示范养殖场创建标准、大鲵仿生态繁殖技术等方面做了详细解说。最后大鲵养殖户就一些疑难问题当场提问,渔政站工作人员现     

泰州市鸡养殖小区建设与管理规范建议

本规范规定了鸡养殖小区的术语和定义、场址选择、总体布局、鸡舍建设、饲养设备与配套设施、饲养管理、防疫管理、环境保护、运行与管理等要求。     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.     

不同样本商品蜂蜜中硒含量的测定

用硝酸和高氯酸消化蜂蜜,使硒游离出来,在微酸性环境下,硒和2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)生成有较强荧光的物质,用环己烷萃取,在激发波长378nm,荧光波长518nm处测定其荧光强度。蜂蜜中硒含量范围:0.10～0.82μg/g。表明:蜂蜜应视为天然富硒营养品。     

乳酸杆菌益生作用机制的研究进展

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物。本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制。乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道。文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分（表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖）与肠道受体（Ｃ型凝集素受体、Ｔｏｌｌ样受体和 Ｎｏｄ样受体）,阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制。     

中华人民共和国农业部公告 第267号

为贯彻落实《兽药生产质量管理规范》(简称《兽药GMP》),进一步推动兽药GMP实施进程,我部制定了《兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法》,现予公告。本公告自2003年6月1日起施行。附件:兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法二○○三年四月十日第一章 总则 第一条 为推动《兽药生产质量管理规范》(以下简称兽药GMP)的实施,规范兽药GMP检查验收工作,制定本办法。 第二条 农业部负责全国兽药GMP管理和检查验收工作;负责制修订兽药GMP检查验收管理规定;负责兽药GMP检查员队伍建设和监督管理工作,负责国际兽药贸易中GMP互认工作。 …     

鸡败血支原体垂直传播模式及其阻断方法

以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.