UF/PMDI与PMDI胶黏剂制备轻质刨花板性能对比研究

轻质刨花板常用聚合异氰酸酯(PMDI)作为胶黏剂,但其价格较高,因此研究采用脲醛树脂/聚合异氰酸酯(UF/PMDI)组合胶黏剂,与以杨木为主的不同形态的杂木刨花,制备8种不同结构形式的轻质刨花板,并对两种用胶情况下制备的轻质刨花板性能进行对比。结果表明:PMDI胶黏剂制备的轻质刨花板静曲强度、内结合强度、2 h和24 h吸水厚度膨胀率均优于组合胶黏剂制备的轻质刨花板,组合胶黏剂制备的单板贴面结构型轻质刨花板性能达到GB/T 4897—2015《刨花板》标准要求。     

复合工艺对竹/塑复合刨花板性能的影响

利用聚乙烯(PE)粉末取代部分脲醛树脂(UF)胶黏剂,与竹刨花制备三层结构竹/塑复合刨花板。通过正交试验探讨PE添加量、UF施胶量、热压温度及热压时间对竹/塑复合刨花板主要物理力学性能的影响。结果表明:较优工艺组合为PE添加量6%、UF施胶量2%、热压温度205℃、热压时间12s/mm,竹/塑复合刨花板达到LY/T1842—2009《竹材刨花板》A类理化性能指标要求;2h吸水厚度膨胀率和甲醛释放量分别为2.6%和2.4mg/100g,与普通竹材刨花板对比,分别减少了54.4%和54.7%;静曲强度达到19.6MPa,提高了14.0%。采用PE粉末替代部分UF胶黏剂生产竹/塑复合刨花板可行,且具有广泛的应用前景。     

关键参数对大豆胶桉木刨花板性能的影响

研究了刨花板密度、施胶量、施胶后含水率、增黏剂用量等参数对大豆胶刨花板各项性能的影响。结果表明:大豆胶刨花板的弹性模量和静曲强度随着密度的增大而增大;随着施胶量的增大,静曲强度、弹性模量和内结合强度呈上升趋势,而2h吸水厚度膨胀率基本没有变化;随着表层施胶后含水率的增大,静曲强度、弹性模量和内结合强度呈上升趋势,而2h吸水厚度膨胀率变小;增黏剂的加入显著改善了刨花板制备时的预成型性,提升了力学强度。     

刨花板用环保胶黏剂的制备与性能研究

将工业化生产的生物油与聚合4,4’-二苯基甲烷-二异氰酸酯(PMDI)按不同比例混合,并加入一定量的稀释剂形成稳定的PMDI/生物油胶合体系,以此体系作为胶黏剂压制单层结构刨花板,探讨胶黏剂施加量、PMDI/生物油混合比、稀释剂加入量等对刨花板内结合强度、静曲强度、弹性模量、吸水厚度膨胀率、吸水率等物理力学性能的影响。结果表明:加入稀释剂有效地降低了PMDI/生物油体系的黏度,提高了体系在施胶过程中的雾化效果;PMDI/生物油混合比为25∶75的胶黏剂压制的刨花板具有与纯异氰酸酯胶黏剂压制刨花板相似的性能。     

硅灰石矿物粉改性脲醛树脂胶黏剂的研究

用未改性硅灰石[Ca_3(Si_3O_9)]矿物粉和硅烷类改性硅灰石矿物粉改性脲醛树脂胶黏剂,研究了硅灰石对脲醛树脂胶黏剂性能的影响和改性脲醛树脂制备的刨花板的胶合性能。研究结果表明,硅灰石矿物粉及其添加量对UF胶的固体含量、pH值、黏度、接触角、固化时间均有一定的影响,所制备的刨花板与用原胶相比胶合性能有不同程度的降低,随着硅灰石添加量的增加,刨花板的吸水厚度膨胀率增加,内结合强度有一定程度下降,但可以达到刨花板国家标准的要求。硅灰石矿物粉作为脲醛树脂胶黏剂改性剂是可行的。     

聚乙烯醇/三聚氰胺改性脲醛树脂胶黏剂制备芦苇刨花板及性能研究北大核心

为解决普通脲醛(UF)树脂对芦苇材料胶合性能差的问题,以聚乙烯醇/三聚氰胺改性脲醛(PVA/MUF)树脂为胶黏剂制备芦苇刨花板。通过正交试验,研究密度、热压温度、热压时间、施胶量等因素对板材内结合强度(IB)、静曲强度(MOR)以及2 h吸水厚度膨胀率(TS)的影响。结果表明:芦苇刨花板的优化制备工艺为:密度0.85 g/cm3、热压温度160℃、热压时间5 min、施胶量12%。所制得的芦苇刨花板IB和MOR分别为1.00 MPa和21.4 MPa,与木材刨花板相当。未来,使用PVA/MUF树脂改性胶黏剂制备的芦苇刨花板有望替代传统木材刨花板。     

荻草茎秆的硅含量及其对刨花板防水性能的影响

采用能谱分析法和化学法分别测定了荻草茎秆不同部位的硅含量;使用脲醛树脂胶黏剂制造荻草/杨木复合刨花板,随着荻草占原料质量比的增加,板材的内结合强度、弹性模量、静曲强度等力学性能降低,但其值均满足国家刨花板标准的相关要求;刨花板的吸水厚度膨胀率随原料中硅元素的增多而降低,表明荻草中的硅元素能起到防水剂的作用.     

木质与蒿杆混合刨花板的制备

利用蒿秆刨花代替部分木质刨花生产刨花板,试验采用正交试验方法,以刨花板的吸水厚度膨胀率、内结合强度、表面结合强度、静曲强度及握螺钉力等力学性能为评价指标,优化木质刨花与蒿秆刨花混合刨花板的制备工艺。正交试验结果表明,木质刨花与蒿杆刨花原料配比5:5,热压工艺为:热压温度155℃,热压时间40s/mm,施胶量12%。所制备的板材的吸水厚度膨胀率6.31%、静曲强度32.1MPa、握螺钉力1.84kN、内结合强度0.92MPa、表面结合强度0.82MPa。     

烟秆/木材刨花板的初步研究烟秆

初步探讨了实验室条件下烟秆/木材刨花板的生产工艺,研究了热压时间、施胶量、密度、木刨花加入量等因素对板材的静曲强度、内结合强度、吸水厚度膨胀率的影响.实验结果表明,烟秆/木材刨花板的静曲强度和吸水厚度膨胀率较纯烟秆刨花板有所提高,内结合强度相差不大.     

制造工艺因素对刨花板吸水厚度膨胀率的影响

结合众多实验结果，讨论了刨花板制造工艺中12个主要因素－热压温度、热压时间、热压压力、板的密度、刨花含水率、施胶量、施蜡量、胶剂种类、刨花形态、刨花原料种类、刨花预处理、成板的二次压制处理对刨花板吸水厚度膨胀率的影响。结果表明，降低刨花板的24h吸水厚度膨胀率要通过降低其不可逆厚度膨胀率获得，而降低不可逆厚度膨胀率的实质是尽量以非膨胀功耗能释放内应力，减少粘弹性变形和胶接点破坏。研究还表明，上述12个制板要素中，除施蜡量外，都对不可逆厚度膨胀率有很大的影响，因此选择合理的制板工艺因素对刨花板的尺寸稳定性很重要。     

改性胶粘剂对稻壳-木材复合材料性能影响的研究

稻壳的外表面覆盖有二氧化硅膜,使用传统的脲醛树脂(UF)和酚醛树脂胶(PF)生产的100％的稻壳板难以达到木质刨花板的质量指标。本研究采用以异氰酸酯(ISO)改性的脲醛树脂和酚醛树脂胶制造稻壳-木材复合材料。稻壳与木片的混合比例为1:1,施胶量为7％,设计密度0.8g/cm3。试验结果表明,3:4的ISO/UF、2:5的ISO/PF、改性胶粘剂制备的板材的物理力学性能达到国标刨花板二等品的要求;用3:4的ISO/PF改性胶粘剂制备的板材达到优等品的要求。     

Investigation of a new natural adhesive composed of citric acid and sucrose for particleboard

The development of a natural adhesive composed of materials derived from non-fossil resources is a very important issue. In this study, only citric acid and sucrose were used as adhesive materials for particleboard. A water solution in which citric acid and sucrose were dissolved was used as an adhesive, and the manufacture of particleboard with a target density of 0.8 g/cm³ was attempted under a press condition of 200 °C for 10 min. The optimum mixture ratio of citric acid and sucrose and the optimum resin content was 25–75 and 30 wt%, respectively. The modulus of rupture (MOR) and the modulus of elasticity in bending were 20.6 MPa and 4.6 GPa, respectively. The internal bond strength (IB) was 1.6 MPa, indicating that the adhesive had excellent bond strength. The thickness swelling (TS) after water immersion for 24 h at 20 °C was 11.9 %. The board did not decompose even under more severe accelerated treatments. This meant that the adhesion had good water resistance. The MOR, IB and TS of the board were comparable to or higher than the requirement of the 18 type of JIS A 5908 (2003). Consequently, there is a possibility that a mixture of citric acid and sucrose can be used as a natural adhesive for particleboard.     

Physical and mechanical properties of particleboard from roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa) stalks and eucalyptus (Eucalyptus camaldulensis) wood particles

Abstract

The objective of this work was to evaluate the performance of particleboard manufactured from roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa) stalks and eucalyptus (Eucalyptus camaldulensis) wood. The manufacturing parameters were various roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa) ratios in the mixture (0, 25, 50, 75 and 100%) and press time (3, 5 and 7 min). Modulus of elasticity (MOE), modulus of rupture (MOR), internal bonding (IB) strength values and thickness swelling (TS) after 24-hour water soaking of the panels were determined according to the procedure of European Union (EN) Standard. The results of the study demonstrate that roselle stalks can be an alternative raw material source for particleboard industry. With an increase of roselle particles from 0% to 100%, the TS was reduced, and the IB, MOR and MOE were increased. The highest MOE, MOR, IB strength and TS values of the samples were found as 2754.18, 16.81, 0.89 N/mm² and 15.26% for the panels made using 100% roselle with a 7-min press time, respectively.     

The lamination influence on properties of agro-based particleboard

Abstract

Response surface methodology (RSM) based on a three-level, three-variable central composite rotatable design was applied to evaluate the effects of the parameters such as ratio of rice straw (Oryza sativa)/poplar (Populus deltoids) wood particle bonded with urea-formaldehyde resin in panels, species of wood veneer coating these panels and amount of adhesive in glue line on the modulus of rupture (MOR), internal bonding (IB), and thickness swelling (TS) of panels. Mathematical model equations were derived by computer simulation programming to optimize the properties of the particleboard. These equations that are second-order response functions representing MOR, IB, and TS were expressed as functions of three operating parameters of panel properties. Predicted values were found to be in a good agreement with experimental values (R ² values of 0.96, 0.98 and 0.98 for MOR, IB, and TS, respectively). This study has shown that the RSM could efficiently be applied for modeling panel properties. It was found that the variables affected the properties of panels. Straw usage up to 30% in the mixture did not cause a significant decrease in MOR, IB, and TS. Using beech veneer and 190 g/m² glue line had the highest MOR and lowest TS.     

Properties of kenaf core binderless particleboard reinforced with kenaf bast fiber-woven sheets

Kenaf composite panels were developed using kenaf bast fiber-woven sheets as top and bottom surfaces, and kenaf core particles as core material. During board manufacture, no binder was added to the core particles, while methylene diphenyldiisocyanate resin was sprayed to the kenaf bast fiber-woven sheet at 50 g/m² on a solids basis. The kenaf composite panels were made using a one-step steam-injection pressing method and a two-step pressing method (the particleboard is steam pressed first, followed by overlaying). Apart from the slightly higher thickness swelling (TS) values for the two-step panels when compared with the one-step panels, there was little difference in board properties between the two composite panel types. However, the two-step pressing operation is recommended when making high-density composite panels (>0.45 g/cm³) to avoid delamination. Compared with single-layer binderless particleboard, the bending strengths in dry and wet conditions, and the dimensional stability in the plane direction of composite panels were improved, especially at low densities. The kenaf composite panel recorded an internal bond strength (IB) value that was slightly low because of the decrease of core region density. The kenaf composite panel with a density of 0.45 g/cm³ (one-step) gave the mechanical properties of: dry modulus of rupture (MOR) 14.5 MPa, dry modulus of elasticity (MOE) 2.1 GPa, wet MOR 2.8 MPa, IB 0.27 MPa, TS 13.9%, and linear expansion 0.23%.     

Manufacture of Light-weight Composite Panel from Kenaf

Light-weight composite panels were manufactured using kenaf core particles as core material and kenaf bast fiber-woven sheets as top and bottom surfaces. Methylene diphenyldiisocyanate （MDI） resin was used as the adhesive with the resin content of 4% for core particles and 50 g/m^2 for bast fiberwoven sheets. The target board densities were set at 0.35.0.45 and 0.55 g/cm^3. The composite panels were evaluated With Japanese Industrial Standard for Particleboards （JIS A 5908- 2003）.The results show that the composite panel has high modulus of rupture and internal bonding strength. The properties of 0.45 g/cm^3 density composite panel are： MOR 20.4 MPa. MOE 1.94 MPa, IB 0.36 MPa, WA142%, TS 21%. Kenaf is a good raw material for making light-weight composite panels.     

Improvement on the properties of gypsum particleboard by adding cement

Gypsum particleboard (GPB) has high thickness swelling (TS), high water absorption (WA), and low mechanical properties compared with cement-bonded particleboard. The properties of GPB were improved by adding cement. The experimental results showed that GPB with the added cement had good physical and mechanical properties compared with those of gypsum particleboard with no added cement. The TS and WA of gypsum particleboard with added cement were reduced by 10%. The mechanical properties of GPB, such as internal bond strength (IB), modulus of rupture (MOR), and modulus of elasticity (MOE), increased when the GPB was made with added cement. The properties of GPB improved relative to the quantity of cement added. With an increase of cement content from 5% to 10%, the TS and WA were reduced, and the IB, MOR, and MOE were increased. In contrast, the TS and WA increased and the IB, MOE, and MOR decreased when the cement content was increased from 15% to 30%. Thus the physical and mechanical properties of GPB were successfully improved when the added cement content was 10%.An outline of this paper was presented at the 47th Annual Meeting of the Japan Wood Research Society in Kochi, April 1997     

芦苇-稻草原料球磨处理生产刨花板

选择芦苇和稻草为原料,以脲醛树脂为黏结剂制备了芦苇-稻草刨花板。在芦苇碎料中加入一定量的矿物材料,然后采用机械球磨进行处理,应用正交设计对施胶量、热压压力、碎料球磨处理3个因素对板材各项性能的影响进行了研究。实验结果表明,球磨处理可以明显改善芦苇／树脂的结合强度,提高刨花板的各项性能。在施胶量16％,热压压力3．4MPa,对碎料进行球磨处理后制板,除内结合力较低外,板的静曲强度、弹性模量和握钉力都可以达到GBT 4897．3-2003对在干燥状态下使用的家具及室内装修用板的性能要求。