全国茶树品种区域试验湖南点总结报告

湖南点参试品种10个,对照种是槠叶齐、福鼎大白茶。本试验对参试品种的产量、红绿茶品质、抗性进行了全面鉴定,并分品种进行了小结。     

国外纤维亚麻品种的比较与评价

采用随机区组对从国外引进的纤维亚麻品种进行了比较试验。结果表明:各参试品种的生育期与对照品种相当;TX-3、TX-13、SU和TX-14的原茎产量、种子产量和出麻率优于对照品种FANY,其它参试品种的原茎产量低于对照品种,但出麻率均优于对照品种;TX-3、SU和MARYLIN对枯萎病达中度抗病水平;比较各参试品种的综合表现,TX-3和SU两品种生育期适中、产量和出麻率高、抗病性好,可推广应用。     

毛豆新品种早选3号及无公害栽培技术

早选3号是江苏省农科院蔬菜所最新选育出的毛豆新品种,2002年通过江苏省审定.该品种区试平均鲜荚产量9 780kg/hm2,居参试品种首位,较对照1合丰35和对照2台湾292分别增产32.98%和25.35%,达极显著水平.该品种播种至采收85d,为中熟品种;百粒鲜重70.7g,属大粒品种,适于外贸出口.利用日光温室提早或延迟播种,可获得较好效益.对该品种无公害栽培技术亦做了初步研究.     

玉米品种试验中采用平均值作对照的可行性探讨

以黄淮海夏播玉米区2002～2009年区试数据为依据,分析实体对照的局限性,将参试品种平均值作为对照与实体对照进行比较。结果表明,玉米品种区试中采用参试品种平均值作为对照是可行的。采用平均值作对照的同时可在区域试验中加入本区或当地大田表现较好的品种作为参照,有利于考察参试品种对环境的实际适应能力。在区域试验中可采用平均值作对照,但生产试验和预备试验中一般不宜采取平均值作对照,应用实体对照。选拔标准一般可参照现行的审定标准,但不同生态区域和组别有所不同,需要综合考虑各区情况。     

国外纤维亚麻品种的比较与评价

采用随机区组对从国外引进的纤维亚麻品种进行了比较试验。结果表明：各参试品种的生育期与对照品种相当；TX-3、TX-13、SU和TX-14的原茎产量、种子产量和出麻率优于对照品种FANY。其它参试品种的原茎产量低于对照品种，但出麻率均优于对照品种；TX-3、SU和MARYLIN对枯萎病达中度抗病水平；比较各参试品种的综合表现，TX-3和SU两品种生育期适中、产量和出麻率高、抗病性好，可推广应用。     

2008年黄河流域棉区中早熟组棉花品种区域试验简述

2008年黄河流域中早熟区试分为A、B两组,A组为常规组,B组为杂交组.A组参试品种共10个,第二年参试的品种为冀4025,第一年参试的品种分别为鲁创棉107、鑫秋8号、冀丰103、鲁849、冀1516、sGK棉乡69、Shx01、陕204、银兴029,对照品种为鲁棉研28.B组参试品种共7个,第二年参试的品种为德棉998,第一年参试的品种分别为苏新棉2126、创082、银兴030、奥试棉4406、鲁抗2号、中种棉8号,对照品种为鲁棉研28.     

保山地区大麦新品种(系)适应性研究

啤饲大麦新品种(系)比较试验有11个参试品种,以YS500为对照种,从丰产性、稳产性、抗逆性、适应性等性状进行对比。试验结果表明:其中7个参试品种的产量比对照高,从综合性状和产量上分析,PS11-11、PS11-10、PS11-4、PS11-7较适合保山种植。     

2000年黄河流域棉花品种区试快讯

今年的区试由农业部领导 ,全国农业技术推广服务中心和中国农科院棉花研究所主持。采用每年参试品种进出制 ,设 3种类型 :(1)春棉品种区试。参试品种 8个 ,对照中棉所 12 ,试点 2 0处 ;(2 )麦套棉品种区试。参试品种 7个 ,对照中棉所 19,试点 11处 ;(3)抗虫棉品种区试。参试品种 9个 ,对照中棉所 2 9,试点 17处。 3类型的枯萎、黄萎病抗性鉴定由中棉所植保室承担 ,棉花纤维品质测试由农业部棉花品质测试中心承担2000年黄河流域棉花品种区试快讯$中棉所@杨付新     

杂交水稻新组合品比试验简报

2012年在浏阳市永安镇将11个新培育的杂交水稻组合作一季中稻和双季晚稻栽培,比较其产量表现、产量构成因素、生育期等综合性状。试验结果表明：大部分参试品种产量表现高于对照,其中荃9311A/RC6株型适中、穗大粒多,综合性状表现优于其他参试品种和对照品种。     

河北春播花生区试各品种（系）产量变化趋势分析

以1999～2007年河北省春播花生区域试验材料为依据,分析了各参试品种（系）的产量变化趋势,结果表明,参试品种（系）的荚果、籽仁平均产量分别较对照增产2．33％和3．32％;历年最高产量分别较对照增产9．07％和11．33％。线性拟合结果显示,各参试品种（系）荚果、籽仁平均产量及其历年最高产量较对照增减变化趋势是一致的,呈逐年上升之势;对照品种的荚果、籽仁平均产量年际问变化接近水平直线,变化趋势平缓。     

豫北优质大豆产业发展策略

针对豫北地区的大豆生产现状，从气候、土壤、品种、生态因素及市场需求等方面提出了优质大豆的发展策略与途径。     

Analysis of nutritional components of eight famine foods of the Republic of Niger

In the western Sahel, indigenous plants become important staples when cereal harvests are inadequate to support populations inhabiting that region of Africa. The purpose of this study was to assess the nutrient content of several of these edible wild plants. The leaves of the following seven plant foods were analyzed: Ziziphus mauritiana, Cerathotheca sesamoides, Moringa oleifera, Leptadenia hastata, Hibiscus sabdarifa, Amaranthus viridi, and Adansonia digitata. The fatty acid, vitamin E, carotenoid, selected mineral and amino acid contents of these plant foods were determined. These same analyses were performed on the fruit of the Adansonia digitata. In quantitative and qualitative terms, Amaranthus viridis was found to be an excellent source of protein. Its amino acid composition compared favorably to that of a World Health Organization (WHO) protein standard. It also contained considerable amounts of the two fatty acids that are essential in humans (linoleic and -linolenic) and a number of minerals including iron, magnesium, calcium and zinc. The leaves of Hibiscus sabdarifa contained an appreciable quantity of protein the composition of which was comparable to the WHO standard. The mineral content of the leaves of this plant was also exceptionally high; noteworthy was its high zinc content. H. sabdarifa also contained significant quantities of the two essential fatty acids. Ziziphus mauritiana was an excellent source of the essential fatty acid linoleic acid and several of the metals including iron, calcium, magnesium and zinc. Its content of other essential nutrients, however, was rather low. In general, Adansonia digitata leaves were nutritionally superior to the fruit of the tree; however, the fruit did contain useful quantities of potassium, phosphorus, zinc and -linolenic acid. The Leptadenia hastata leaves were an especially good source of lutein and -carotene. These data should be useful to the people who inhabit the western Sahel in helping them devise healthy diets during times when cereal staples are in short supply.     

狗牙根诱变后代抗寒性评价

通过电解质外渗法和匍匐茎恢复试验对‘阳江’狗牙根及其12个通过形态鉴定选出的坪用价值高且花序密度低的诱变后代进行抗寒性鉴定。电解质外渗法结果表明:诱变后代间的抗寒性具有较大差异,其叶片半致死温度(LT₅₀)的变异范围为-7.6～-0.2℃(最低值与最大值相差7.4℃);参试材料抗寒性由强到弱依次为M18>M4>M26>M28> M22>阳江>M29>M31>M10>M37>M16>M1>M25,其中,有5个诱变后代抗寒性优于亲本,分别是M18、M4、M26、M28、M22。匍匐茎恢复实验结果表明:诱变后代M1、M22、M26、M31、M25在0℃和-5℃低温胁迫后的恢复生长率都高于亲本,恢复能力均优于亲本;M10、M37、M28在-5℃低温胁迫下,恢复生长能力低于亲本,抗寒性相对较弱,M16和M4在0℃和-5℃低温胁迫下,恢复生长率都低于亲本,抗寒性明显弱于亲本。综合2种方法鉴定结果显示:诱变后代M1、M25的恢复能力较强;M4、M28的叶片抗寒性较好,青绿期较长;M22、M18、M26的叶片抗寒性和匍匐茎恢复能力均较强;M29,M31的叶片抗寒性和匍匐茎恢复能力与亲本相似;M10、M16、M37的叶片抗寒性和匍匐茎恢复能力均较弱,整体抗寒性较弱。     

Comparisons of methods of scheduling irrigations of potatoes

Irrigation of Netted Gem potatoes was scheduled during three growing seasons by three methods: (a) when plants displayed first visual symptoms of moisture stress, (b) when indicated by a soil moisture budget involving estimated evapotranspiration, and (c) on the basis of tensiometer readings of soil moisture suction. When the tensiometer method of scheduling was used, the mean yields of tubers were 55.0 and 25.8 cwt/acre (6160 and 2890 kg/ha) higher than those obtained with the other two scheduling methods. Methods did not affect the specific gravity of potatoes. Method (a) scheduled irrigations least frequently. Scheduling by the budget method was not always adequate because it was based on the assumption that the crop extracted water from a constant 4 ft (1.2 m) profile from planting to full vegetative growth. In one year the budget method scheduled the first irrigation earlier than necessary and delayed the second irrigation during a critical period of crop growth. From full vegetative cover to harvest the irrigation schedules were alike for both the budget and tensiometer methods.     

吉林省平安农业科学院大豆所大豆研究工作报告

1　吉林省平安农业科学院大豆研究工作简介吉林省平安农业科学院大豆研究所 ,设在吉林省长春市西安大路种子大厦内。现有科技人员 6人 ,其中研究员 2人 ,农艺师 2人 ,技术员 2人 ,定向培养研究生 2人。大豆研究所的主要任务是选育稳产、高产、优质及抗病虫大豆新品种 ;同时密切     

湖南沅陵4种绿茶品质成分分析

以长沙县高桥相同嫩度茶鲜叶原料采用卷曲形毛尖茶加工工艺制绿茶为对照,分别对沅陵县齐眉翠峰、凤娇碣滩茶、干发茶和军大坪茶4种绿茶的主要生化成分与感官品质进行初步分析。结果表明,沅陵4种绿茶的茶多酚总量28.76%~30.34%,游离氨基酸总量2.35%~3.22%,咖啡碱含量3.00%~3.63%,水浸出物含量37.26%~40.07%,可溶性糖总量5.46%~5.65%,可溶性蛋白含量1.50%~1.74%,类黄酮化合物总量1.16%~1.79%,叶绿素总量1.36%~2.01%,儿茶素总量13.53%~16.20%。与对照相比,4种绿茶的茶多酚、可溶性糖和儿茶素总量均高于对照,除齐眉翠峰外其余3种茶样水浸出物和叶绿素总量均高于对照,除干发茶外其余3种茶样类黄酮化合物总量均高于对照。     

Comparison of two methods of PCNB application for control of Rhizoctonia infection of potatoes

A broadcast application of PCNB (Terraclor) resulted in a reasonably uniform distribution of the chemical in the soil with the concentration decreasing in a linear fashion with increasing depth in the soil profile. A banded application resuluted in a considerably higher chemical concentration at the 4–6 inch depth than at the 0–2 or the 2–4 inch depths. The problem of the lack of uniformity of chemical distribution could probably be solved by altering nozzle placement and size and allow use of the band method of application to minimize grower cost. More complete disking in the case of the broadcast treatment would probably result in a relatively uniform distribution of the chemical but at higher cost to the grower. PCNB application rates of 10, 15 and 25 lbs per acre broadcast and 71/2, 10 and 121/2 lbs per acre in a band significantly reduced the severity ofRhizoctonia infection of Russet Burbank potatoes but did not increase potato yields significantly.     

Prediction of the digestibility of the diet of horses: evaluation of faecal indices

Data from in vivo digestibility trial with four to six horses fed twenty-seven forage-based diets are used to calculate prediction equations for the digestibility of dry and organic matter, based on the crude ash (CA), crude protein (CP) and crude fibre (CF) contents of diets and faeces. The most precise prediction of dry-matter digestibility (r.s.d. = 0.032, R²= 0.80) was derived from a multiple regression including faecal (CP, CF) and dietary parameters (CF). Among faecal parameters, CP was the best single predictor of both digestibility (r.s.d) = 0.040, r²= 0.63) and dietary CP content (r.s.d = 0.028, r²= 0.59). For biological reasons we propose a non-linear model that allows prediction of dry- and organic-matter digestibility from faecal CP Content with reasonable Precision (r.s.d = 0.038, 0.036, r²= 0.65, 0.74, respectively). This will be adequate for many studies, especially for free-living animals in rangelands.     

橡胶树丛枝病病原的抗血清制备与应用

以感染橡胶树丛枝病病原的长春花为材料,制备得到橡胶丛枝病病原菌抽提液,以抽提液为抗原免疫家兔,制备抗血清,经微量沉淀测定,抗血清效价为１：２０４８。应用橡胶丛枝病抗血清检测橡胶褐皮病,无症苗木检出率达３０％－３７％,可疑的褐皮病树检出率达８５．７％。