QFM合剂与846和眠乃宁对犬麻醉效果的对比研究

QFM合剂以0．15～0．2ml／kg,眠乃宁以0．03～0．04ml／kg,846合剂以0．3～0．4ml／kg剂量颈部肌肉注射对犬实施全身麻醉,进行麻醉效果比较。麻醉期间,以Datex循环呼吸监护仪进行循环呼吸功能监测,并进行一般临床效果观察。结果发现,QFM合剂麻醉诱导期为6．5±1．5min,麻醉期为89．1±23．6min。眠乃宁诱导期为7．3±0．7min,麻醉期为26±8min,846合剂麻醉诱导期为7．5±1．6,麻醉期为35士4．1min;QFM合剂对犬具有麻醉效果确实,镇静、镇痛、肌松效果均衡,且诱导平稳迅速;而846合剂和眠乃宁要么麻醉时间短,要么麻醉效果不确实,但加大用药剂量则又严重威协动物的生命,且有严重的副反应。     

OFM合剂与846和眠乃宁对犬麻醉效果的对比研究

QFM合剂以0.15～0.2ml/kg,眠乃宁以0.03～0.04ml/kg,846合剂以0.3～0.4ml/kg剂量颈部肌肉注射对犬实施全身麻醉,进行麻醉效果比较。麻醉期间,以Datex循环呼吸监护仪进行循环呼吸功能监测,并进行一般临床效果观察。结果发现,QFM合剂麻醉诱导期为6.5±1.5min,麻醉期为89.1±23.6min。眠乃宁诱导期为7.3±0.7min,麻醉期为26±8min,846合剂麻醉诱导期为7.5±1.6,麻醉期为35±4.1min;QFM合剂对犬具有麻醉效果确实,镇静、镇痛、肌松效果均衡,且诱导平稳迅速;而846合剂和眠乃宁要么麻醉时间短,要么麻醉效果不确实,但加大用药剂量则又严重威协动物的生命,且有严重的副反应。     

OFM合剂与846和眠乃宁对犬麻醉效果的对比研究

QFM合剂以0.15～0.2 ml/kg,眠乃宁以0.03～0.04ml/kg,846合剂以0.3～0.4ml/kg剂量颈部肌肉注射对犬实施全身麻醉,进行麻醉效果比较.麻醉期间,以Datex循环呼吸监护仪进行循环呼吸功能监测,并进行一般临床效果观察.结果发现,QFM合剂麻醉诱导期为6.5±1.5min,麻醉期为89.1±23.6min.眠乃宁诱导期为7.3±0.7min,麻醉期为26±8min,846合剂麻醉诱导期为7.5±1.6,麻醉期为35±4.1min;QFM合剂对犬具有麻醉效果确实,镇静、镇痛、肌松效果均衡,且诱导平稳迅速;而846合剂和眠乃宁要么麻醉时间短,要么麻醉效果不确实,但加大用药剂量则又严重威协动物的生命,且有严重的副反应.     

眠乃宁与静松灵对兔体温、脉搏、呼吸数及部分血液指标影响的对比

眠乃宁是一种由高效镇痛药盐酸二氢埃托啡(DHE)与国产隆朋经优选配比制成的复合剂,目前广泛用于化学保定.静松灵为2,4-二甲基苯钠噻唑盐酸盐,是一种镇痛镇静肌肉松弛药,其作用原理与抑制中枢有关,能抑制神经冲动传导.试验以家兔为试验动物对比研究了眠乃宁与静松灵对兔体温、脉搏、呼吸数及部分血液指标的影响. 1材料与方法     

眠乃宁对几种野生动物的麻醉效果观察

就眠乃宁对几种野生动物(狮、虎、熊、鹿等)的麻醉效果进行观察和分析,结果表明眠乃宁对多种动物有较好的镇痛、麻醉和肌肉松弛的作用,效果确实,适合于多种野生动物的麻醉或保定,且具有剂量小、起效快、应用简便、安全可靠、适用范围广的优点.     

噻胺酮麻醉对犬脑电图影响的实验研究

应用噻胺酮对８条犬进行麻醉脑电图监测试验。应用ＳＪ－４２型生理多导仪描记术的麻醉脑电图。结果诱导麻醉后，犬的脑电图无论在波形，频率，还是波幅方面都发生了极为显著的改变，其主要特征是脑电由高低幅快节律转变为低频高幅慢节率。     

The Effects of Anesthesia on Laryngeal Function and Laryngeal/Pharyngeal Trauma in the Horse

Laryngeal paralysis in horses has been reported after inhalational anesthesia and can result in significant morbidity/mortality. The cause of the condition is unclear. The objective of this study was to examine the effects of a standardized anesthetic protocol on laryngeal function and laryngeal/pharyngeal trauma in the peri-anesthetic period in a prospective study. A 30- to 60-second digitalized video clip of laryngeal movement from a standardized endoscopic view was recorded at five time points: before sedation, post-sedation, post-induction, immediately after recovery to standing, and at 24 hours after recovery. A standardized anesthetic regimen was used in all cases. Video clips were randomized and evaluated by two blinded assessors. Each assessor scored each clip for laryngeal function and trauma using previously validated scoring systems. Agreement between assessors was calculated using the mean of the five time-specific weighted kappa statistics. Post-anesthesia laryngeal function and trauma scores were compared with initial scores using the Wilcoxon signed rank test with Bonferroni adjustment. Spearman's rank coefficient was used to assess correlation between trauma and function scores and between anesthetic duration and laryngeal function and trauma scores.There was no significant effect of anesthesia on laryngeal function. Trauma scores were not significantly higher after tracheal intubation. The trauma scoring system requires further validation. There was no correlation between higher trauma scores and laryngeal function or duration and laryngeal function or trauma.Further work is required to evaluate other variables that may affect laryngeal function after anesthesia, using a larger number of horses with varying degrees of laryngeal dysfunction.     

南德温西门塔尔与西杂牛杂种公犊育肥试验研究

选择南德温牛×本地西杂牛(NDW)、西门塔尔×本地西杂牛(XM)的4月龄杂交一代公犊各15头,分别作为试验组和对照组,在相同的饲料和饲养管理条件下育肥430 d,至18月龄屠宰.分析测定了两组牛不同育肥体尺、体重和日增重的变化情况及屠宰指标,试验结果表明:在8月龄、10月龄、13月龄阶段,两组体重、日增重差异显著(P＜0.05),对照组(XM)杂种公犊在育肥前期长势优于试验组(NDW),而在13月龄到18月龄之间,两组体重、日增重差异不显著(P＞0.05),说明试验组(NDW)杂种公犊在育肥后期长势明显,后期育肥效果优于对照组(XM).试验组和对照组屠宰率分别为56.21%和57.51%,差异不显著.因此,在相同条件下育肥后,XM公犊宜在18月龄出栏,而NDW公犊宜在18月龄后出栏.     

犬眠宝异氟醚麻醉及手术对犬血浆中T3、T4影响

为了观察犬眠宝注射麻醉和异氟醚吸入麻醉对经历去势术犬血浆中甲状腺激素T3、T4的影响,试验将20只实验犬随机均分为犬眠宝注射麻醉组(Q组)和异氟醚吸入麻醉组(I组),每组10只。两组分别进行犬去势术,术中进行麻醉监测,并采静脉血,用放射性免疫法(RIA),检测血浆的含量,测定血浆中的T3、T4。试验结果表明,犬眠宝、异氟醚麻醉及手术对犬血浆中T3、T4的影响具有相似之处,均表现为术中升高,术后持续降低直至48h恢复到麻醉前水平。     

多花黑麦草的品种比较与生产性能

饲用玉米-黑麦草种植模式是南方草地农业系统的组成部分.在此系统中采用优良的多花黑麦草品种,适宜的种植密度或播种量,适时的刈割时间和科学的载培技术,能获得8419.5～12372kg/hm2的饲料干物质产量.通过不同时期多花黑麦草营养成分动态变化情况,为适时刈割利用提供了依据.同时还对饲用玉米与黑麦草的时空配置、营养价值和生产成本进行了分析和评价.     

新疆冬季密闭高、中产奶牛牛舍碳、氮、硫排放的对比

试验旨在比较高产和中产奶牛牛舍的空气状况。试验选取高产奶牛和中产奶牛牛舍各一栋,密闭采集测定甲烷（CH_4）、氨气、硫化氢和二氧化碳4种气体的浓度。结果表明：高产奶牛牛舍中甲烷、氨气、硫化氢和二氧化碳4种气体的浓度比中产奶牛牛舍中的各气体浓度分别提高2.69%、32.51%、3.58%和66.95%。每头高产奶牛每天排放CH_4 296.15g,每产1kg标准乳排放CH_4 11.61g。每头中产奶牛每天排放CH_4 210.54g,每产1kg标准乳排放CH_4 12.08g。随着采食量增加,牛舍中甲烷、氨气、硫化氢和二氧化碳的浓度也会增加。高产奶牛每产1kg标准乳的CH_4排放量比中产奶牛低3.89%。     

澳大利亚荷斯坦奶牛在新疆自然发情与同期发情超排结果的比较

牛胚胎移植技术70年代已在国外开始商业化应用,并且规模不断扩大。我国开展此项研究虽有20余年的时间,但在90年代中期以前,生产中应用的规模小,技术推广进展缓慢,其中一个主要限制因素就是胚胎来源问题。为了探索解决胚胎来源的有效途径,我们对自然发情牛和同期发情牛进行超排,将其结果进行对比,结果报告如下。1材料和方法1.1试验时间:2002年11月25日至2003年1月19日,其中11月25日至1月19日为试验组饲养管理观察期,记录两组牛的发情情况。1.2试验地点:新疆金牛股份有限公司牛场。1.3供体母牛由澳大利亚进口。我们在两个月间进行供体牛超数排…     

A Pilot Study to Compare Oxidative Status between Organically and Conventionally Managed Dairy Cattle During the Transition Period

The aim of this study was to assess the redox balance of organically managed dairy cattle (OMC; n = 40) during the transition period and to compare this with conventionally managed cattle (CMC; n = 22). Serum samples of dairy cows from two organic and one conventional farm were taken. Markers of oxidants production [reactive oxygen species] and total serum antioxidant capacity were measured in four different production stages: (i) far‐off dry (2 to 1 months before calving; 44 samples in CMC and 48 in OMC); (ii) close‐up dry (1 month until 3 days before calving; 44 CMC; 54 OMC); (iii) fresh (3 days to +1 month after calving; 44 CMC; 49 OMC); and (iv) peak of lactation (+1 to +3 months; 71 CMC; 78 OMC). Values were compared between production stages and against a metabolic baseline status (4th–5th month of pregnancy; 40 CMC; 30 OMC). Our results indicated that throughout the periparturient period, OMC had lower concentrations of reactive oxygen species, but also a lower antioxidant capacity than CMC. Indeed, when the two components of the redox balance were assessed together through the Oxidative Stress index, the values of this parameter were higher for OMC than for CMC, thereby implying a higher risk of oxidative stress. Therefore, further larger studies are needed to confirm the current observations, as organically reared animals might be exposed to a lack of antioxidants supply.     

新疆褐牛与荷斯坦牛隐性乳房炎与体细胞数、病原菌种类的比较

本试验以新疆乌鲁木齐市地区一大中型奶牛场的新疆褐牛、荷斯坦牛奶样为研究对象,对奶样进行了病原菌分离培养,同时对不同品种牛体细胞数与菌落形成单位（colony-forming unit, CFU）、体细胞数与不同年龄进行了统计分析。结果表明,2个品种牛感染病原菌种类稍有差别且新疆褐牛感染葡萄球菌的机率明显高于荷斯坦牛;荷斯坦牛比新疆褐牛更容易患乳房炎;新疆褐牛、荷斯坦牛体细胞在小于20万/mL时均与体细胞大于50万/mL时的CFU值呈显著差异（P＜0.05）,而这2个品种牛的体细胞在20～50万/mL时分别与体细胞小于20万/mL、大于50万/mL时的CFU值均无显著差异（P＞0.05）,初步推测体细胞数和细菌总数之间没有必然联系,还受其它因素影响;此外,随着年龄增长,褐牛和荷斯坦牛的体细胞评分（somatic cell score,SCS）都呈上升趋势,且不同品种间的SCS差异显著。