Skeletal development and abnormalities of the vertebral column and fins in larval stage of hatchery‐reared American shad,Alosa sapidissima

The present study describes the skeletal development and the occurrence of deformities in American shad, Alosa sapidissima, larvae from hatching to 45 days after hatching (DAH). The ontogeny of the vertebral column started at 16 DAH (days after hatching), with the formation of the posterior neural and haemal arches, and was complete at 28 DAH. In comparison, the vertebral centra started to form at 16 DAH, with ossification being visible in all centra at 38 DAH. The pectorals were the only fins that formed before the onset of feeding (at 2 DAH), with ossification being complete at 45 DAH. The caudal fin formed at 5 DAH, with ossification being complete at 40 DAH. Dorsal and pelvic fin development began at 6 DAH and 20 DAH respectively. The ossification of both the dorsal and pelvic fins was visible at 45 DAH. The anal fin began forming at 14 DAH, and was complete at 30 DAH. The ossification of the anal fin was complete at 45 DAH. Overall, 22 types of skeletal deformities were detected in about 41% of individuals. Most anomalies were detected in the haemal region, while the fewest anomalies were detected in the anal fin. In addition, the frequency of deformities gradually increased with fish age at the different developmental stages. Our results are expected to contribute baseline information on how rearing conditions impact skeletal development, in addition to identifying potential causative factors of skeletal deformities.     

工厂化养殖美洲鲥幼鱼的生长特性及消化酶活性变化

在工厂化养殖条件下,将初始体长为(54.04±6.07)mm、体质量为(2.03±0.75)g的4 000尾美洲鲥幼鱼放在有效体积约300 m³的养殖池中饲养84 d,研究美洲鲥幼鱼养殖过程中的生长特性及生长过程中消化酶活力的变化特点。结果显示:美洲鲥体长(L)、体质量(W)均与养殖时长(t)呈指数相关(L＝56.568e0.008 8t,W＝2.463 3e0.027 4t),体长与体质量呈幂函数相关(W＝7×10-6L3.158 2),试验期间美洲鲥幼鱼的生长类型为等速生长;总体上,肥满度随着幼鱼的生长发育而明显提高,试验初期(养殖14 d时)显著提高,之后有所降低,在42 d时显著下降(P＜0.05),之后幼鱼的肥满度保持着较快的增长,随着时间的推移显著提高(P＜0.05),并在试验结束时达到最高值。美洲鲥幼鱼胃蛋白酶活力随着幼鱼的生长显著升高(P＜0.05);幽门盲囊的淀粉酶活力随着幼鱼生长显著下降(P＜0.05),而蛋白酶和脂肪酶活力总体呈升高趋势(P＜0.05);肠道中淀粉酶的活力随着幼鱼生长而显著降低(P＜0.05),蛋白酶和脂肪酶活力总体呈上升趋势,最大值均出现在第84天(P＜0.05)。研究结果表明,工厂化养殖美洲鲥幼鱼的生长类型为等速生长,本试验的养殖条件适宜美洲鲥幼鱼生长;养殖过程中应根据消化酶的变化规律,适时调整饲料中营养成分的含量或添加生物酶制剂,以提高饲料的利用效率,提高养殖效益。     

美洲鲥的资源变动及修复

美洲鲥在美国渔业史上曾起到重要作用,但从19世纪初期开始,建闸筑坝、水域污染以及人们的过度捕捞,造成美洲鲥种群数量急剧下降,目前,美洲鲥在很多地区已经绝迹。然而,经过人们不断的努力,美洲鲥资源渐渐得到修复,每年在切萨皮克地区举行的鲥鱼节,让人们在庆祝这一自然文化财富的同时加深了对美洲鲥的了解。     

不同饵料对美洲西鲱仔鱼生长、相关酶活力及体脂肪酸的影响

以美洲西鲱(Alosa sapidissima)仔鱼(孵化后10 d)为实验对象,在室内进行为期30 d的摄食生长试验,分别投喂不同的饵料[单独投喂卤虫(Artemia)、单独投喂微颗粒饲料、卤虫与微颗粒饲料混合投喂],分析不同饵料的投喂对存活、生长、消化酶活性、非特异性免疫相关酶活性以及体脂肪酸组成的影响。结果表明:(1)混合投喂组的存活与生长表现都要显著优于卤虫组和微颗粒饲料组(P0.05),微颗粒饲料组与卤虫组相比差异不大,而试验后期(20~30 d)微颗粒饲料组的存活与生长表现要优于卤虫组;(2)消化酶的结果显示,胃蛋白酶和淀粉酶活力在各组中无显著性差异(P0.05),胰蛋白酶、糜蛋白酶和脂肪酶在卤虫组中活力最低,显著低于其他两组(P0.05),其中糜蛋白酶和脂肪酶活性在微颗粒饲料组中要显著高于混合投喂组(P0.05);(3)碱性磷酸酶和超氧化物岐化酶活力在各组中无显著性差异(P0.05),过氧化氢酶和溶菌酶活力在微颗粒饲料组中最高,卤虫组中最低,两者之间差异显著(P0.05);(4)鱼体脂肪酸受饵料脂肪酸组成影响较大,微颗粒饲料中n-3HUFA和DHA含量较高,其投喂后在鱼体中的含量也高。综上所述,不同饵料投喂对美洲西鲱仔稚鱼存活、生长、消化酶活性、非特异性免疫相关酶活性以及体脂肪酸影响显著,在试验20 d之前使用卤虫与微颗粒饲料混合投喂,20 d后完全转食微颗粒饲料,可以降低成本,同时提高生产效率。     

Predator response to releases of American shad larvae in the Susquehanna River basin

Abstract— Predation on American shad ( Alosa sapidissima ) larvae within the first two hours of release was examined from 1989 to 1992 on 31 occasions at stocking sites in the Susquehanna River basin. Twenty-two fish species consumed shad larvae; the dominant predators were spotfin shiner ( Cyprinella spiloptera ), mimic shiner ( Notropis volucellus ) and juvenile smallmouth bass ( Micropterus dolomieu ). The number of shad larvae found in predator stomachs ranged from 0 to 900. Mortality of shad larvae at the stocking site was usually less than 2%. The greatest mortality (9.6%) occurred at the highest stocking level (1.5 million larvae). Highly variable predation rates and release levels of shad insufficient to achieve predator satiation hindered the ability to determine a specific type of functional response of predators. Predator numbers increased with stocking density, indicating short-term aggregation at the release site. Because of practical problems associated with releasing the large numbers of larvae that would be required to satiate predators, routine stocking at these levels is probably unreasonable. Releases of 400,000 to 700,000 larvae may reduce predation by offsetting depensatory mechanisms that operate on small releases and the effects of increased predation due to predator aggregation on large releases. Night stocking may reduce predation on larval shad at the release site.     

美洲鲥肌肉营养成分分析与评价

采用常规的生化分析方法对美洲鲥的肌肉营养组成分进行了测定。结果表时，美洲鲥肌肉鲜样中粗蛋白含量为18．88±0．41％，粗脂肪含量为6．80±0．27％，水份70．23±0．37％，灰份1．96±0．30％；肌肉含有17种氨基酸，总量占鲜样的15．27％，其中7种人体必需氨基酸（除色氨酸外）含量占鲜样的6．27％，与非必需氨基酸的比值（EAA／NEAA）为69．67％，其必需氨基酸构成比例基本符合FAO／WHO的标准；根据AAS，美洲鲥的第一限制性氨基酸为苏氨酸，第二限制性氨基酸为蛋＋胱氨酸；而根据CS，第一限制性氨基酸为蛋＋胱氨酸，第二限制性氨基酸为苏氨酸：必需氨基酸指数（EAAL）为56．11，支链氨基酸与芳香族氨基酸的比值（F值）为2．43，4种鲜味氨基酸占鲜样的5．76％：不饱和脂肪酸质量分数为66．1％，高于其他经济鱼类：微量元素含量丰富，有较高的钙镁含量，铜，铁，锌的比值较为合理。美洲鲥是一种营养价值和经济价值都较高的鱼类。     

雌性成体点篮子鱼不同组织的脂肪酸组成分析

测定和比较了性腺发育至Ⅲ期的雌性成体点篮子鱼肌肉、肝脏和卵巢组织中总脂含量及其脂肪酸组成。结果表明:(1)肌肉、肝脏和卵巢中的总脂含量分别为(2.79±0.15)%、(12.78±1.30)%和(2.85±0.17)%。肌肉与卵巢间总脂含量差异不显著(P>0.05),肝脏总脂含量约为肌肉和卵巢总脂含量的6倍,呈显著性差异(P<0.05);(2)肝脏中SFA总量明显高于肌肉和卵巢,3种组织中SFA含量呈显著性差异(P<0.05)。单不饱和脂肪酸(MUFA)中,C18∶1ω9 c1(顺式)在3种组织中含量最高,肌肉、肝脏和卵巢中的含量分别为21.86%、23.66%和23.96%,肝脏与卵巢间无显著差异(P>0.05),而与肌肉间差异显著(P<0.05);多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)、3PUFA和6PUFA在卵巢中含量最高,其次是肌肉,肝脏中含量最低,且三者之间的差异显著(P<0.05)。     

闽东海域繁殖期雌性棘头梅童鱼亲鱼不同组织的脂肪酸组成分析

为获知棘头梅童鱼亲鱼性腺发育后期脂类及脂肪酸蓄积特点,采用内标定量法,对性腺发育至Ⅳ期的雌性棘头梅童鱼亲鱼肌肉、肝脏和卵巢组织中的脂肪及脂肪酸含量进行了测定,并比较分析了3种组织中的脂肪酸组成。结果表明:雌性棘头梅童鱼亲鱼卵巢、肝脏和肌肉中脂肪的质量分数分别为(4.84±0.05)%、(2.66±0.05)%和(0.56±0.05)%,不同组织间具有显著性差异(P<0.05)。雌性棘头梅童鱼亲鱼的卵巢、肌肉和肝脏中分别检出29种脂肪酸,含量最高的饱和脂肪酸依次为C16∶0、C18∶0和C14∶0;含量最高的单不饱和脂肪酸依次为C16∶1、C18∶1n9c和C20∶1;含量最高的多不饱和脂肪酸依次为C22∶6n3(DHA)、C20∶5n3(EPA)和C20∶4n6(ARA)。从相对含量来看,肌肉中饱和脂肪酸的质量分数为(58.22±0.24)%,显著高于肝脏(52.71±0.24)%和卵巢(36.42±0.24)%(P<0.05);卵巢中单不饱和脂肪酸的质量分数为(23.78±0.09)%,显著高于肌肉(16.15±0.07)%和肝脏(10.79±0.05)%(P<0.05);卵巢中多不饱和脂肪酸质量分数为(39.79±0.19)%,显著高于肝脏(36.49±0.21) %和肌肉(25.63±0.19)%(P<0.05)。肌肉、肝脏和卵巢中EPA和DHA的总量依次升高,质量分数分别为(19.34±0.15)%、(26.59±0.16)%和(27.78±0.13)%。卵巢、肝脏和肌肉组织中的DHA/EPA分别为1.95、2.28和1.89,n-3系和n-6系多不饱和脂肪酸的比值分别为3.29、3.81和6.25。     

美洲鲥仔、稚、幼鱼的形态发育与生长特征

通过对美洲鲥(Alosa sapidissima)仔、稚、幼各发育期的连续取样,系统观察了仔、稚、幼各期的形态变化及生长发育特征.结果显示:在水温(20±1)℃下,初孵仔鱼全长(6.75±0.60)mm;2日龄仔鱼即开口摄食,进入混合营养期;4 日龄仔鱼卵黄囊吸收完毕进人晚期仔鱼阶段,完全依靠外源物质获取能量,主要以鳔室、脊椎形成及各鳍的分化与形成为主要标志;培育至36 d,仔鱼鳃盖后缘及脊椎骨两侧线有少量鳞片状突起,标志美洲鲥结束仔鱼期进入稚鱼期;培育至65 d,仔鱼身上鳞片基本长出,腹膜闭合,美洲鲥完成变态成为幼鱼.仔鱼培育期间,除了严格控制培育水温在(20±1)℃外,2日龄仔鱼开口后就应及时投喂轮虫类开口饵料,密度为5～10 ind/mL,这是苗种培育中不可忽视的重要环节.稚鱼期间在主食枝角类、桡足类的同时进行驯食.本实验采用特制缓沉饲料及时驯化转食再过渡到伞部摄食人工浮性膨化颗粒饲料,驯食时间为21 d,驯食是成功进行人工池塘养殖的关键所在.本研究旨在探讨提高美洲鲥早期培育过程中的成活率及成功进行池塘养殖的可行性.     

长江口雌性成体纹缟虾虎鱼不同组织的脂肪酸组成分析

实验测定和比较了性腺发育至Ⅴ期的雌性成体纹缟虾虎鱼的肌肉、肝脏和卵巢组织中水分、总脂含量及其脂肪酸组成。结果表明: (1) 肌肉、肝脏和卵巢中的水分含量依次降低, 且差异显著(P<0.05)。肌肉、肝脏和卵巢中的总脂含量分别为1.32%±0.08%、7.75%±0.38%和26.73%±0.59%。3种组织间的总脂含量具有显著性差异(P<0.05), 其中卵巢中总脂含量最高, 其次为肝脏中的含量, 肌肉中含量最低。(2) 肌肉中饱和脂肪酸(SFA)总量明显高于肝脏和卵巢, 3种组织中SFA含量呈显著性差异(P<0.05); 肝脏中单不饱和脂肪酸(MUFA)C 16:1含量最高,肌肉、肝脏和卵巢中的含量分别为11.90%±0.71%、15.28%±2.42%和9.49%±0.37%, 3种组织间含量呈显著性差异(P<0.05); 多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)、w3PUFA和w6PUFA在卵巢中的含量显著高于肌肉和肝脏中含量 (P<0.05), 而肌肉和肝脏间的差异不显著 (P>0.05)。肌肉、肝脏和卵巢中二十碳五烯酸(EPA)、二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)的总量依次升高, 在3种组织间的含量分别为30.17%±1.02%、30.53%±0.50%和34.33%±0.71%, 卵巢中的含量显著高于肌肉和肝脏中的含量(P<0.05), 而后两者间的差异不显著 (P>0.05)。3种组织中DHA/EPA的比值分别为1.50、1.75和1.59, w3PUFA/∑w6PUFA的比值分别为6.44、8.05和7.00。DHA/EPA和w3PUFA/∑w6PUFA均在肝脏中最高, 其次为卵巢, 肌肉中最低。     

Lipid content and fatty acid composition of muscle,liver, ovary and eggs of captive-reared and wild silver Japanese eel <Emphasis Type="Italic">Anguilla japonica</Emphasis> during artificial maturation

ABSTRACT:   Changes in lipid content and fatty acid composition of muscle, liver and ovary of captive-reared and wild silver Japanese eel Anguilla japonica were examined during artificial maturation induced by salmon pituitary homogenate (SPH) injections. Although the relative levels of n-3 and n-6 highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFA) in liver and ovary were higher than in muscle in both captive and wild silver eels before SPH injection, these tended to decrease with maturation. The relative levels of n-6 HUFA in muscle, liver, ovary and eggs of wild silver eels were remarkably higher than those in captive eels. Therefore, we attempted to alter the ratio of n-6 HUFA in eggs by feeding eels a diet supplemented with linoleic acid-rich plant oil. Although the percentage of n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids to total fatty acids in eggs of eels fed the supplemented diet was similar to wild silver eels, the percentage of n-6 HUFA remained remarkably lower than in wild silver eels. Hence, it appears that the supplemented diet affected the fatty acid composition of eggs, but did not result in much conversion of linoleic acid to its higher homologs in eels.     

野生斑节对虾卵巢发育过程中不同组织的氨基酸组成

测定了海南岛南部海域野生斑节对虾（Penaeus mofbodon）亲虾在卵巢发育不同阶段的全虾、肝胰腺和卵巢的氨基酸组成。结果表明,在卵巢发育初级阶段（含I期和Ⅵ期）、中级阶段（含Ⅱ期、Ⅲ期和Ⅳ期）和高级阶段（V期）斑节对虾全虾样品中,牛磺酸（Tau）质量分数差异显著（P〈0．05）,由高到低为中级阶段〉高级阶段〉初级阶段;而其他的氨基酸质量分数、氨基酸总量和必需氨基酸总量略有变化,但差异不显著（P〉0．05）。肝胰腺和卵巢氨基酸总量随着性腺发育逐渐上升,临产时（V期）下降,但差异不显著（P〉0．05）。中级阶段卵巢中的天门冬氨酸（Asp）、谷氨酸（Glu）、脯氨酸（Pro）、酪氨酸（Tyr）和赖氨酸（Lys）等5种氨基酸质量分数处于峰值。     

Lipid class and fatty acid composition of phospholipids from the gonads of skipjack tuna

ABSTRACT:   Lipid class and fatty acid composition of phospholipids from the gonads of skipjack tuna were examined to evaluate effective utilization of the processing of by-products. The predominant phospholipids in the ovaries were phosphatidylcholine (PC; 47.9%), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE; 19.3%) and lyso-phosphatidylcholine (LPC; 19.1%). In contrast, those in the testes were PC (40.1%), PE (29.3%) and phosphatidylserine (PS; 9.6%). The percentage of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) was markedly high at more than 50% in LPC of the ovaries, and PE and PS of the testes were also high. The percentages of DHA at sn-position 2 of the predominant phospholipids, except for PC in the testes, were more than 60%, in particular PE in the testes was remarkably high at 81.9%. After storage for 2 days at 5°C, the LPC content in the ovaries increased twofold and the DHA level of LPC was the same as before, though the contents of other phospholipids decreased.     

饥饿对曼氏无针乌贼肝脏与卵巢脂肪酸组成的影响

在曼氏无针乌贼（Sepiella maindroni）性腺成熟阶段（4～5月）对其进行饥饿处理,以空腹处理组饥饿0d（禁食1d）、饥饿12d（禁食13d）和饥饿24d（禁食25d）为取样时间取其肝脏和卵巢组织进行脂肪酸组成及质量分数测定。结果表明,随着饥饿时问的延长,乌贼体质量下降,肝脏和卵巢萎缩,肝脏中的饱和脂肪酸（SFA）和单不饱和脂肪酸（MUFA）较空腹处理组有显著下降（P〈0．05）,而多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）和高不饱和脂肪酸（HUFA）均有显著提高（P〈0．05）。与肝脏相比,乌贼卵巢中的各脂肪酸组成在饥饿12d变化较小,饥饿24d时∑SFA较空腹处理组有极显著下降（P〈0．01）,而∑MUFA、∑PUFA＋∑HUFA和∑n-6 PU—FA显著高于空腹处理组（P〈0．05）。     

长江下游雌性刀鲚生殖洄游过程中脂肪酸含量及其组分的变化

为阐明长江刀鲚体内脂肪酸在生殖洄游过程中的转化规律,本研究采用三氟化硼甲酯化法对采自长江下游不同发育时期(Ⅲ～Ⅴ期)的雌性刀鲚洄游群体的脂肪酸进行测定,对各类脂肪酸在卵巢、肌肉和肝胰腺的组成及其含量变化作了分析。结果显示,雌性刀鲚从Ⅲ期发育至Ⅴ期,卵巢总脂肪酸含量上升了148.89 mg/g,而肌肉和肝胰腺总脂肪酸含量则分别下降了109.57和160.58 mg/g。不同发育时期,卵巢、肌肉和肝胰腺的脂肪酸组成基本相同,均含有3大类24种脂肪酸,其中饱和脂肪酸(SFA)9种、单不饱和脂肪酸(MUFA)6种和多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)9种。所有脂肪酸中,以油酸(C18:1n9c)的含量最高,占各组织脂肪酸总量的18%以上。分析发现,在Ⅲ期至Ⅴ期发育过程中,雌性刀鲚肌肉中的C18:1n9c下降了86.36%,卵巢中则增加了2.62倍;必需脂肪酸C18:2n6和C18:3n3在肌肉中分别下降了74.00%和82.26%,但在卵巢中分别增加了225.87%和183.96%;肌肉中DHA (C22:6n3,二十二碳六烯酸)含量减少了2.6倍,而卵巢中却增加了近3倍,表明这些脂肪酸与繁殖活动的关系很密切。研究还发现,Ⅳ期和Ⅴ期卵巢中ARA (C20:4n6,花生四烯酸)/EPA (C20:5n3,二十碳五烯酸)的比值均小于0.46,可能预示着长江刀鲚有较好的卵子质量。     

饥饿对斜带石斑鱼肝脏和肌肉脂肪酸组成的影响

在室外水泥池(4m×1.5m×1m)进行石斑鱼(62.3±0.6g)的饥饿实验,每池放养35尾,设3个重复,实验时间分别为0、1、2、3和4周。随着饥饿时间的延长,体重减轻,肥满度和肝体比显著降低;肌肉水分显著增加而蛋白质含量显著下降(P<0.05),脂肪含量在第1周下降后基本保持稳定。肝脏饱和脂肪酸在饥饿前3周基本保持不变,第4周显著下降。单不饱和脂肪酸在饥饿第1周保持不变,然后呈下降趋势。多不饱和脂肪酸和高不饱和脂肪酸的总和随着饥饿时间的延长,含量显著增加。与肝脏相比,肌肉中脂肪酸变化程度较小。随着饥饿时间的延长,肌肉中140减少而205增加。饥饿使肌肉中DHA/EPA比率呈下降趋势,但肝脏DHA/EPA比率显著上升;肌肉和肝脏中DHA EPA的百分比都随饥饿时间的延长而显著上升。     

不同喂养条件下蒙古裸腹溞脂肪酸组成比较

比较不同食物和不同处理方式培养的蒙古裸腹（Ｍｏｉｎａｍｏｎｇｏｌｉｃａ）脂肪酸组成,ＥＰＡ含量在用海水小球藻全培养时为２７．６％,用２种面包酵母培养的分别为５．６％和１０．７％,用鱼油强化的为７．４％和１０．５％。试验表明蒙古裸腹难以同化吸收食物中的ＤＨＡ,但在鱼油强化时其肠道中储存的油粒可含一定量的ＤＨＡ,因此可用ＤＨＡ含量高的鱼油短时间强化,以肠道为ＤＨＡ载体,来满足海水鱼苗的营养要求。     

Lipid and fatty acid composition of likely zooplankton prey of spiny lobster (Jasus edwardsii) phyllosomas

Several of the world's major spiny lobster fisheries, including Jasus edwardsii in Australasia, have gone into dramatic decline due to decreasing recruitment of their lecithotrophic postlarvae. There is evidence that the decline is related to poor nutritional condition of the postlarvae, especially lipid that is accumulated in large quantities during the preceding pelagic larval stage. Therefore, characterizing the lipid composition of the likely potential zooplankton prey of the larvae (phyllosomas) of spiny lobsters will provide new insights into their nutritional requirements. The lipid class and fatty acid composition of more than 30 species of likely zooplankton prey of the larvae of the spiny lobster, J. edwardsii, were determined. These results showed that most zooplankton prey had a high proportion of their lipid content as polar lipid (PL) (range of 9.4–94.8%, mean of 76.1 ± 2.6%). Zooplankton prey provide phyllosomas with polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) for growth and development, as well as a range of other important fatty acids that are accumulated as PL and used for fuelling the migration of the subsequent lecithotrophic postlarvae across the continental shelf. Overall, these results indicate that phyllosomas consume prey with wide ranging lipid content, but dominated by PL, and high in docosahexaenoic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid and the key fatty acids used for energy storage.     

早熟期间中华绒螯蟹肝胰腺指数、肝脂含量及脂肪酸组成的变化

实验采用称量法和气相色谱法分别测定了性早熟前后中华绒螯蟹的肝胰腺指数(HI)、肝脂含量(LC)和肝胰腺脂肪酸组成。雌雄蟹的HI和LC在早熟前后的变化趋势一致,都是早熟个体低于未成熟个体。在性早熟前,雌雄蟹的肝胰腺脂肪酸组成基本一致,只是雌蟹中C20∶5n-3较高(P<0.05)。然而,对早熟前后的个体作比较时,发现雌雄蟹变化情况有很大差异:(1)早熟雌蟹中C16∶1n-7、C16∶0和C18∶0高于未成熟雌蟹(P<0.01),而C20∶5n-3、C20∶4n-6和C22∶6n-3则低于后者(P<0.01);(2)早熟雄蟹中C18∶1高于未成熟雄蟹(P<0.05),而C14∶0(P<0.05)、C16∶1n-7(P<0.05)和C20∶5n-3(P<0.01)皆低于后者。以上结果表明:雌雄蟹在性早熟前后存在肝胰腺脂肪酸组成变化的差异,且C20∶5n-3可能主要参与成熟蜕壳和膜的构建,而C22∶6n-3可能主要参与卵巢发育和卵黄的发生。     

不同脂肪源饲料对台湾泥鳅生长、肌肉脂肪酸组成和质构的影响

为研究不同脂肪源饲料对台湾泥鳅(Paraunisgumus dabryanus ssp)生长、肌肉脂肪酸组成和质构的影响,实验取体重均值为(2.30 ±0.05)g的台湾泥鳅750尾分5组,每组3个重复,每个水箱50尾,分别投喂含有6％鱼油(FO)、大豆油(SO)、花生油(PO)、玉米油(CO)或棕榈油(PaO)的等氮...