大气CO2浓度升高对黄花蒿生长和氮磷钾养分吸收的影响（英文）

Annual wormwood(Artemisia annua L.) is the only viable source of artemisinin,an antimalarial drug.There is a pressing need to optimize production per cultivated area of this important medicinal plant;however,the effect of increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide(CO_2) concentration on its growth is still unclear.Therefore,a pot experiment was conducted in a free-air CO2 enrichment(FACE) facility in Yangzhou City,China.Two A.annua varieties,one wild and one cultivated,were grown under ambient(374μmol mol~(-1)) and elevated(577 μmol mol~(-1)) CO_2 levels to determine the dry matter accumulation and macronutrient uptake of aerial parts.The results showed that stem and leaf yields of both A.annua varieties increased significantly under elevated CO_2 due to the enhanced photosynthesis rate.Although nitrogen(N),phosphorus(P),and potassium(K) concentrations in leaves and stems of both varieties decreased under elevated CO_2,total shoot N,P,and K uptake of the two varieties were enhanced and the ratios among the concentrations of these nutrients(N:P,N:K,and P:K) were not affected by elevated CO_2.Overall,our results provided the evidence that elevated CO_2 increased biomass and shoot macronutrient uptake of two A.annua varieties.     

大气CO2浓度升高对绿豆生长发育与产量的影响

研究大气CO2浓度升高对绿豆影响,有助于人们了解未来气候变化后绿豆生产的变化,以提前采取必要的应对措施趋利避害.本研究利用FACE(Free Air CO2 Enrichment)系统在大田条件进行了绿豆生长发育及产量受CO2浓度升高影响的试验.结果表明:大气CO,浓度升高后,绿豆叶面积、株高、节数、茎粗增加;倒数第一...     

大气CO2浓度升高对谷子生长发育与光合生理的影响

研究大气CO2浓度升高对谷子的影响,有助于人们了解未来气候变化后,谷子生产的变化,以提前采取必要的应对措施趋利避害。本研究利用FACE(FreeAirCO2Enrichment)系统首次在大田条件进行了谷子生长发育受CO2浓度升高影响的试验。结果表明,大气CO2浓度升高后,谷子的株高、茎粗、叶面积增加,叶片叶绿素含量下降。在相同CO2浓度下,抽穗期FACE圈内谷子叶片气孔导度(Gs)、蒸腾速率(Tr)和胞间CO2浓度与环境CO2浓度的比值(Ci/Ca)会下降,叶片光合能力有所下降,出现光适应,但水分利用效率(WUE)会提高。     

稻田CO2排放对大气CO2浓度升高的响应

利用FACE (free-air carbon dioxide enrichment)平台,采用静态暗箱-气相色谱法,研究了大气CO2浓度升高对稻田土壤CO2通过土壤-大气(土气)和植被-大气(植气)界面排放的影响.在整个水稻生长季中,土气界面CO2排放通量与土壤表面水层深度指数负相关,且在中期烤田和收获前排水阶段出现较大值;而植气界面CO2排放通量与根系生物量的变化趋势基本一致.在低氮(N 125 kg/hm2)和常氮(N 250 kg/hm2)水平上,高浓度CO2(对照大气CO2浓度+200 μmol/mol)有提高水稻生物量、降低土气和植气界面CO2累积排放量的趋势.在水稻的拔节、抽穗和成熟期,较高的施氮量显著增加水稻地上部分生物量,促进植气界面CO2的排放.研究结果表明,未来大气CO2浓度升高的环境下,稻田生态系统有增加CO2的固定(增加水稻生物量),减少CO2的排放(土气和植气界面CO2的排放)的趋势,可能发挥着碳汇的作用.     

盐胁迫下大气CO2浓度升高对黄瓜幼苗生长、光合特性及矿质养分吸收的影响

采用营养液培养和开顶箱法,研究了盐胁迫下CO2浓度升高对黄瓜幼苗生长、光合特性及矿质养分吸收的影响。结果表明,黄瓜生长在80mmol/L NaCl下,其生物量、光合速率、气孔导度、蒸腾速率均显著下降,而胞间CO2浓度明显升高;CO2浓度升高可增加盐胁迫下黄瓜幼苗生物量,使光合速率、气孔导度、蒸腾速率升高。表明CO2浓度升高能减轻盐胁迫对光合功能的不利效应。80mmol/L NaCl可使黄瓜幼苗体内总N和K 的浓度降低,而使Na 浓度增加;CO2浓度升高具有提高盐胁迫下总N和K 浓度,降低Na 浓度的效应,说明CO2浓度升高可减轻盐胁迫的毒害作用,提高黄瓜幼苗生物量。     

CO2浓度升高对不同水稻品种幼苗养分吸收和根系形态的影响

本文利用水培试验研究了CO2浓度升高对水稻幼苗生物量、养分含量和根形态的影响,探讨了CO2浓度升高下粤杂889(YZ)和荣优398 (RY)幼苗养分吸收和根系形态的差异性.结果表明,与CO2浓度正常水平(对照)相比,CO2浓度升高显著增加了2个水稻品种幼苗根系、茎叶和总生物量,YZ分别增加58.33％、27.96％、33.16％;RY分别增加45.87％、34.17％、36.07％.同时,CO2浓度升高增加了2个水稻品种的根冠比.CO2浓度升高显著降低了2个水稻品种茎叶中的N、P、K、Ca、Mg和Fe含量,这是“稀释效应”的结果;但YZ幼苗中S含量显著增加,2个品种幼苗Mn含量均显著增加.CO2浓度升高显著增加了2个水稻品种的幼苗根系根毛数、总根长、表面积,降低幼苗粗根比例,增加了细根比例.CO2浓度升高增加了细根在总根长中的比例,有利于水稻对养分的吸收,导致部分营养元素含量增加;但CO2浓度升高条件下水稻生物量的增加使大部分营养元素含量降低.同时,CO2浓度升高对水稻幼苗生物量、养分吸收和根形态的影响存在显著的品种差异.     

不同浓度CO2与化肥配施对番茄生长和养分吸收的影响

为阐明CO_2气肥在番茄种植中的最佳施用浓度,本试验通过在不同CO_2浓度(300、600、800、1 000、1 200、1 400μL/L)处理下配施不同浓度化肥[不施肥(CK),常规施肥,常规施肥基础上减施20%,常规施肥基础上增施20%]来探究CO_2气肥对番茄生长和养分吸收的影响。结果表明,CO_2浓度在800μL/L时,4种化肥处理下的番茄产量提高9. 11%～67. 76%,Vc含量增加12. 52%～38. 60%,可溶性糖含量增加45. 77%～85. 92%,硝酸盐含量下降7. 78%～38. 18%,并且CO_2浓度在800μL/L时,CK与减施化肥处理的番茄产量高于常规施肥处理与增施化肥处理,具有明显的减肥增效效应。因此,施用800μL/L的CO_2气肥能显著增加番茄产量,促进N、P、K养分的积累,同时对改善番茄品质,以及提高矿质元素的吸收利用有良好的促进作用。     

大气 CO2 浓度升高对水稻氮代谢影响的研究进展

自工业革命以来,大气中浓度不断升高的CO2对C3植物生长发育的影响十分显著。CO2浓度升高条件下,植物光合作用增强,C同化产物增多,C、N代谢的平衡受到影响,植株N代谢发生变化。水稻(Oryza sativa L.)作为世界上最主要的食物来源之一,其N素营养状况的变化必然引起人类食物品质的改变,近年来已成为人们关注的焦点。本文结合气室条件的研究结果,从水稻N吸收和N积累量、N浓度、N代谢相关酶、不同形态的N(主要是蛋白氮)、C/N比、根系含N分泌物以及N与光合适应的关系等方面,重点收集和整理开放式空气中CO2浓度升高(FACE,Free Air Carbon-dioxide Enrichment)条件下水稻对N素的吸收、分配和利用等方面的研究进展,并对有待进一步深入的问题进行了探讨。     

不同供磷状况下CO2浓度升高对番茄根系生长及养分吸收的影响

采用培养试验研究了磷缺乏与正常供磷条件下,CO2浓度由350μL/L升高至800μL/L苗期番茄的生物量、根系特征和不同器官N、P、K养分含量的变化。结果表明,无论缺磷与否,CO2浓度升高均能显著增加番茄地上部及根系的干物质积累量,提高根冠比。在磷缺乏条件下,CO2浓度升高对番茄根系生长的促进主要表现为增加根系的体积和表面积;而在磷正常供应条件下主要表现为同时增加根体积和分根数,有利于形成强壮的根系。在两种供磷水平下,CO2浓度升高对番茄各器官的N、P、K含量产生不同的稀释效应,但N、P、K总积累量却随CO2浓度升高而显著增加;而且CO2浓度与供P水平对番茄植株的N、P、K积累量具有极显著的正交互效应。     

大气CO_2浓度升高对粳稻稻米物性及食味品质的影响

在2009和2010年利用独特的稻/麦轮作系统FACE（Free Air CO2 Enrichment,开放式空气CO2浓度增高）平台,以武运粳21、扬辐粳8号、武香粳14和武粳15为供试材料,研究了高浓度CO（2比大气背景CO2浓度高200 μmol·mol-1）对粳稻蒸煮米的硬度、粘性、香气、光泽、完整性、味道和口感等的影响。物性分析仪测定结果表明,高浓度CO2环境下粳稻熟米的硬度和粘性总体呈增加趋势,其中扬辐粳8号两指标的增幅均达显著水平。食味计测定结果显示,高浓度CO2对蒸煮稻米香气、光泽度、完整性、味道和口感等食味品质指标均没有影响。相关分析表明,CO2与品种的互作对米饭硬度和粘性有显著影响,但对食味品质参数均没有影响。CO2与年度、CO2与年度和品种间的互作对所有测定参数均无显著影响。两年数据一致表明,未来高浓度CO2环境下粳稻蒸煮米的硬度和粘性将呈增加趋势,增幅因品种而异,但米饭食味品质无显著变化。     

水稻叶际细菌群对二氧化碳升高的不同响应特征

A vast number of microorganisms colonize the leaf surface of terrestrial plants, known as the phyllosphere, and these microorganisms are thought to be of critical importance in plant growth and health. However, the taxonomic identities and ecological functions of the microorganisms inhabiting the rice phyllosphere remain poorly understood. Using a massive, parallel pyrosequencing technique, we identified the phyllosphere bacterial taxa of four different rice varieties and investigated the microbial response to elevated CO2 （eCO2） in a rice field of a free-air CO2 enrichment （FACE） facility located in Jiangsu Province, China. The results showed that the dominant phylotype, the Enterobacteriaceae family of Gammaproteobacteria~ accounted for 70.6%-93.8% of the total bacterial communities in the rice phyllosphere. The dominant phylotype was stimulated by eCO2, with its relative abundance increasing from 70.6%-75.2% at ambient CO2 （aCO2） to 86.5%-93.8% at eCO2 in the phyllosphere of rice varieties IIYou084 （TY-084）, YangLiangYou6 （YLY-6）, and ZhenXian96 （ZX-96）. The rare phylotypes, including the bacterial taxa of Sphingobacteriaceae, Xanthomonadaceae, Oxalobacteraceae, Clostridiaceae, and Pseudomonadaceae, were suppressed and their relative abundance decreased from 13.4%-23.0% at aCO2 to 1.47% 6.11% at eGO2. Furthermore, the bacterial diversity indices decreased at eCO2 in the phyllosphere of the rice varieties TY-084, YLY-6, and ZX-96. In contrast, an opposite response pattern was observed for the rice variety of YangDao8 （YD-8）. In the phyllosphere of this variety, the relative abundance of the dominant phylotype, Enterobacteriaceae, decreased from 94.1% at aCO2 to 81.4% at eCO2, while that of the rare phylotypes increased from 3.37% to 6.59%. In addition, eCO2 appeared to stimulate bacterial diversity in the rice variety YD-8. Our results suggest that the phyllosphere microbial response to eCO2 might be relative abundance-dependent in paddy fields.     

CO2浓度对金针菇生长发育的影响

在人工控制环境条件下研究了CO2浓度对金针菇（Flammulina velutipes）生长发育的影响结果表明，金针菇菌丝正常生长所要求的适宜CO2浓度为261.7-2930.5μmol/L；金针菇子实体原基形成随CO2浓度升高明显受到抑制，所要求的适宜CO2浓度范围为12.3-60μmol/L；菇蕾形成后为获得优质高产金针菇，应提高环境内CO2浓度，并控制在210－600μmol/L范围内。     

不同水分条件下CO2浓度升高对冬小麦碳氮转运的影响

CO2浓度升高对作物的影响日益受到重视,水分是作物生长的必要条件之一。冬小麦是我国的主要粮食作物之一,阐明高CO2浓度和水分条件互作对冬小麦碳氮转运的影响,对客观认识气候变化背景下作物的水分管理及肥料施用具有实际指导意义。本研究利用开放式CO2富集系统(FACE)平台,以冬麦品种‘中麦175’为试验材料,采用盆栽试验方法,研究了不同CO2浓度[正常浓度(391±40)μmol·mol?1和高浓度(550±60)μmol·mol?1]及水分条件(湿润条件和干旱条件,即75%和55%田间土壤最大持水量)的冬小麦花前碳氮积累及花后碳氮转运的规律特征。结果表明:湿润条件下,与正常CO2浓度相比,高CO2浓度促进冬小麦地上部干物质及碳氮积累,开花期增幅分别为18.1%、16.5%、14.9%,成熟期增幅分别为6.6%、1.3%、4.5%,并提高碳氮转运能力及对籽粒贡献率,转运量、转运率及对籽粒贡献率的增幅碳素依次为39.3%、20.0%、30.0%,氮素依次为19.1%、3.8%、10.8%。干旱条件下,与正常CO2浓度相比,高CO2浓度对地上部碳氮积累有一定的促进作用,开花期和成熟期碳积累量分别增加3.0%和10.7%,氮积累量分别增加0和15.8%;但高CO2浓度阻碍了碳氮的转运,转运量、转运率降幅碳素分别为10.2%、12.8%,氮素分别为7.2%、7.1%;碳氮对籽粒贡献率则变化不同,碳降低14.4%,而氮升高31.3%。干旱及高CO2浓度互作与湿润条件正常CO2浓度处理相比,冬小麦碳素转运对籽粒贡献率降低更明显,地上部碳素转运量、转运率及对籽粒贡献率降幅分别为36.2%、16.9%、22.3%,但提高了氮素转运对籽粒贡献率,氮素转运量及转运率分别降低35.7%、15.2%,对籽粒贡献率增加7.0%。综合而言,高CO2浓度可促进冬小麦碳氮积累及其在花后向籽粒的转运,水分不足可能成为主要的物质转运障碍因子,限制CO2促进作用发挥。     

Elevated CO2 stimulates N2O emissions in permanent grassland

To evaluate climate forcing under increasing atmospheric CO₂ concentrations, feedback effects on greenhouse gases such as nitrous oxide (N₂O) with a high global warming potential should be taken into account. This requires long-term N₂O flux measurements because responses to elevated CO₂ may vary throughout annual courses. Here, we present an almost 9 year long continuous N₂O flux data set from a free air carbon dioxide enrichment (FACE) study on an old, N-limited temperate grassland. Prior to the FACE start, N₂O emissions were not different between plots that were later under ambient (A) and elevated (E) CO₂ treatments, respectively. However, over the entire experimental period (May 1998–December 2006), N₂O emissions more than doubled under elevated CO₂ (0.90 vs. 2.07 kg N₂O-N ha⁻¹ y⁻¹ under A and E, respectively). The strongest stimulation occurred during vegetative growth periods in the summer when soil mineral N concentrations were low. This was surprising because based on literature we had expected the highest stimulation of N₂O emissions due to elevated CO₂ when mineral N concentrations were above background values (e.g. shortly after N application in spring). N₂O emissions under elevated CO₂ were moderately stimulated during late autumn–winter, including freeze–thaw cycles which occurred in the 8th winter of the experiment. Averaged over the entire experiment, the additional N₂O emissions caused by elevated CO₂ equaled 4738 kg CO₂-equivalents ha⁻¹, corresponding to more than half a ton (546 kg) of CO₂ ha⁻¹ which has to be sequestered annually to balance the CO₂-induced N₂O emissions. Without a concomitant increase in C sequestration under rising atmospheric CO₂ concentrations, temperate grasslands may be converted into greenhouse gas sources by a positive feedback on N₂O emissions. Our results underline the need to include continuous N₂O flux measurements in ecosystem-scale CO₂ enrichment experiments.     

大气CO2 浓度升高对绿豆生长及C、N 吸收的影响

研究大气CO₂ 浓度升高对绿豆生长及C、N 吸收的影响, 有助于了解未来气候变化下绿豆养分平衡的变化。利用FACE (Free Air CO₂ Enrichment)系统在大田条件下研究了CO₂ 浓度升高对绿豆生物量及C、N 吸收的影响。结果表明: 大气CO₂ 浓度升高使绿豆叶、茎、荚、根、地上部分生物量、总生物量及根冠比增加。各发育期地上部分含N 量下降10.39%~21.06%, 含C 量增加0.41%~1.13%, C/N 增加12.23%~26.68%; 籽粒中N、C 含量及C/N 无显著变化。植株地上部分吸N 量和吸C 量分别增加1.99%~50.87%和14.43%~92.69%。未来大气CO₂ 浓度升高条件下, 绿豆将通过生物量的增加固定更多的C, 并增加对N 素的吸收, 未来的绿豆生产应考虑增加土壤的施肥水平以保证其养分供应。     

CO2浓度升高对不同水分条件下冬小麦生长和水分利用的影响

以CO₂浓度升高为主要特征的气候变化对作物生长发育及产量形成的影响日益受到重视。冬小麦是我国主要粮食作物之一, 主要分布在干旱及半干旱地区, 且生长期内多干旱少雨。研究不同水分条件下冬小麦的生长变化及水分利用对CO₂浓度升高的响应具有重要的科学和实践意义。本研究在封顶式生长室中对2个土壤水分水平[适宜水分: 70%~80%田间持水量; 干旱胁迫: 50%~60%田间持水量]的盆栽冬小麦进行了CO₂熏蒸试验[背景大气浓度: (396.1±29.2) μmol·mol^-1; 升高的浓度: (760.1±36.1)μmol·mol^-1]。对小麦植株生理指标、生物量、产量、耗水量和水分利用效率(WUE)等的研究结果表明, 与背景大气CO₂浓度相比, CO₂浓度升高可促进冬小麦生长, 其地上生物量显著增加, 适宜水分和干旱胁迫条件下分别增加了28.6%和18.6%; 籽粒产量显著增加, 适宜水分和干旱胁迫条件下分别增加了32.6%和22.6%; CO₂浓度升高主要通过增加穗粒数提高籽粒产量, 穗粒数在适宜水分条件下提高24.3%, 干旱胁迫条件下提高15.5%, 对千粒重没有显著影响。CO₂浓度升高使群体和产量WUE显著提高, 在适宜水分条件下提高幅度较大, 分别提高17.7%和24.8%。CO₂浓度升高显著提高了叶片光合速率(P_n)、降低了气孔导度(G_s)和蒸腾速率(T_r); 在适宜水分和干旱胁迫下P_n分别提高15.6%与12.9%, G_s分别降低22.7%与18.2%, T_r分别降低8.9%与7.5%。CO₂浓度升高提高了叶片水势及叶绿素含量; 在适宜水分条件下叶片水势提高幅度较大, 为7.7%; 叶片叶绿素含量在2种水分条件分别提高7.5%与3.8%。由以上试验结果可得出: CO₂浓度升高对冬小麦的生长、产量及水分利用效率均具有促进作用, 而且在土壤水分状况较好时, 这种作用效果更明显; CO₂浓度升高主要通过增加穗粒数来促进产量提高。     

Relationship between soil CO2 concentrations and forest-floor CO2 effluxes

To better understand the biotic and abiotic factors that control soil CO₂ efflux, we compared seasonal and diurnal variations in simultaneously measured forest-floor CO₂ effluxes and soil CO₂ concentration profiles in a 54-year-old Douglas fir forest on the east coast of Vancouver Island. We used small solid-state infrared CO₂ sensors for long-term continuous real-time measurement of CO₂ concentrations at different depths, and measured half-hourly soil CO₂ effluxes with an automated non-steady-state chamber. We describe a simple steady-state method to measure CO₂ diffusivity in undisturbed soil cores. The method accounts for the CO₂ production in the soil and uses an analytical solution to the diffusion equation. The diffusivity was related to air-filled porosity by a power law function, which was independent of soil depth. CO₂ concentration at all depths increased with increase in soil temperature, likely due to a rise in CO₂ production, and with increase in soil water content due to decreased diffusivity or increased CO₂ production or both. It also increased with soil depth reaching almost 10 mmol mol⁻¹ at the 50-cm depth. Annually, soil CO₂ efflux was best described by an exponential function of soil temperature at the 5-cm depth, with the reference efflux at 10 °C (F₁₀) of 2.6 μmol m⁻² s⁻¹ and the Q₁₀ of 3.7. No evidence of displacement of CO₂-rich soil air with rain was observed.Effluxes calculated from soil CO₂ concentration gradients near the surface closely agreed with the measured effluxes. Calculations indicated that more than 75% of the soil CO₂ efflux originated in the top 20 cm soil. Calculated CO₂ production varied with soil temperature, soil water content and season, and when scaled to 10 °C also showed some diurnal variation. Soil CO₂ efflux and concentrations as well as soil temperature at the 5-cm depth varied in phase. Changes in CO₂ storage in the 0–50 cm soil layer were an order of magnitude smaller than measured effluxes. Soil CO₂ efflux was proportional to CO₂ concentration at the 50-cm depth with the slope determined by soil water content, which was consistent with a simple steady-state analytical model of diffusive transport of CO₂ in the soil. The latter proved successful in calculating effluxes during 2004.     

Carbon dynamics in a temperate grassland soil after 9 years exposure to elevated CO2 (Swiss FACE)

Elevated pCO₂ increases the net primary production, C/N ratio, and C input to the soil and hence provides opportunities to sequester CO₂-C in soils to mitigate anthropogenic CO₂. The Swiss 9 y grassland FACE (free air carbon-dioxide enrichment) experiment enabled us to explore the potential of elevated pCO₂ (60 Pa), plant species (Lolium perenne L. and Trifolium repens L.) and nitrogen fertilization (140 and 540 kg ha⁻¹ y⁻¹) on carbon sequestration and mineralization by a temperate grassland soil. Use of ¹³C in combination with respired CO₂ enabled the identification of the origins of active fractions of soil organic carbon. Elevated pCO₂ had no significant effect on total soil carbon, and total soil carbon was also independent of plant species and nitrogen fertilization. However, new (FACE-derived depleted ¹³C) input of carbon into the soil in the elevated pCO₂ treatments was dependent on nitrogen fertilization and plant species. New carbon input into the top 15 cm of soil from L. perennne high nitrogen (LPH), L. perenne low nitrogen (LPL) and T. repens low nitrogen (TRL) treatments during the 9 y elevated pCO₂ experiment was 9.3±2.0, 12.1±1.8 and 6.8±2.7 Mg C ha⁻¹, respectively. Fractions of FACE-derived carbon in less protected soil particles >53 μm in size were higher than in <53 μm particles. In addition, elevated pCO₂ increased CO₂ emission over the 118 d incubation by 55, 61 and 13% from undisturbed soil from LPH, LPL and TRL treatments, respectively; but only by 13, 36, and 18%, respectively, from disturbed soil (without roots). Higher input of new carbon led to increased decomposition of older soil organic matter (priming effect), which was driven by the quantity (mainly roots) of newly input carbon (L. perenne) as well as the quality of old soil carbon (e.g. higher recalcitrance in T. repens). Based on these results, the potential of well managed and established temperate grassland soils to sequester carbon under continued increasing concentrations of atmospheric CO₂ appears to be rather limited.     

Effects of elevated CO2 concentration on rhizodeposition from Lolium perenne grown on soil exposed to 9 years of CO2 enrichment

The effects of enriched CO₂ atmosphere on partitioning of recently assimilated carbon were investigated in a plant-soil-microorganism system in which Lolium perenne seedlings were planted into cores inserted into the resident soil within a sward that had been treated with elevated CO₂ for 9 consecutive years, under two N fertilisation levels (Swiss FACE experiment). The planted cores were excavated from the ambient (35 Pa pCO₂) and enriched (60 Pa pCO₂) rings at two dates, in spring and autumn, during the growing season. The cores were brought back to the laboratory for ¹⁴C labelling of shoots in order to trace the transfer of recently assimilated C both within the plant and to the soil and microbial biomass. At the spring sampling, high N supply stimulated shoot and total dry matter production. Consistently, high N enhanced the allocation of recently fixed C to shoots, and reduced it to belowground compartments. Elevated CO₂ had no consequences for DM or the pattern of C allocation. At the autumn sampling, at high N plot, yield of L. perenne was stimulated by elevated CO₂. Consistently, ¹⁴C was preferentially allocated aboveground and, consequently belowground recent C allocation was depressed and rhizodeposition reduced. At both experimental periods, total soil C content was similar in all treatments, providing no evidence for soil carbon sequestration in the Swiss Free Air CO₂ Enrichment experiment (FACE) after 9 years of enrichment. Recently assimilated C and soil C were mineralised faster in soils from enriched rings, suggesting a CO₂-induced shift in the microbial biomass characteristics (structure, diversity, activity) and/or in the quality of the root-released organic compounds.     

CO2施肥对黄瓜幼苗矿质营养吸收与分配的影响

以土培和砂培黄瓜幼苗为试材，研究CO₂施肥对植株矿质营养吸收和分配的影响。结果表明：每天上午以1100±100 μl/L CO₂浓度施肥3 h或上、下午各施肥3 h明显降低植株各部位多数矿质元素的含量，CO₂施肥时间延长，降幅增大。CO₂施肥增强了黄瓜对矿质元素的吸收能力，使单株吸收总量显著增加，且施肥时间越长，吸收数量越多。因此，在CO₂施肥的同时应增加矿质营养的供给。