预处理方式对微紫青霉菌(Penicillium janthinellum)菌株GXCR吸附Zn2+影响的研究

研究了不同预处理方式对微紫青霉菌（Penicillium janthinellum）菌株GXCR的Zn^2＋吸附的影响。结果表明,匀浆化＋NaOH（0．5mol／L）预处理的菌体（匀浆碱化菌体）的吸附效果最好,Zn^2＋的吸附增加率达到39．74％;匀浆化＋酸化处理导致菌体的Zn^2＋吸附能力下降。匀浆碱化菌体吸附Zn^2＋的适宜pH为5～6,吸附是一个快速过程,在5min内基本趋于平衡。等温曲线和荧光检测表明,匀浆碱化菌体吸附Zn^2＋是一种表面吸附为主的单分子层吸附行为。经吸附-解吸-吸附循环使用4次后,碱化菌体的Zn^2＋吸附率仍可达到第一次吸附率的73．24％。     

Penicillium janthinellum菌株GXCR对Cu,Al和Zn的抗性特征及其Cu的生物矿化作用

对分离到的一株高抗Cu(200 mm ol/L CuSO4.5H2O)的P en icillium janth inellum菌株GXCR(中国微生物菌种保藏管理委员会普通微生物中心保藏号:CGM CC 1027)进行紫外诱变,获得了3株Cu抗性下降突变体,进一步测定结果表明,3个突变体对A l[A l2(SO4)3]和Zn(ZnSO4.7H2O)的抗性也显著下降;只有在含Cu的PDA上生长的菌体表面能够形成CuSO4.5H2O样的蓝色晶体。进一步的X-ray衍射的原子微量分析表明,这种蓝色晶体含Cu2 ,说明该菌具有Cu的生物矿化作用。菌体表面积累的Cu2 的量与菌株的抗Cu水平有正相关性,说明该菌对Cu的抗性很可能与Cu矿化作用有关。     

高抗重金属盐的微紫青霉菌(Penicillium janthinellum)菌株GXCR的遗传转化

我们曾分离到一株高抗多种重金属盐的微紫青霉菌(Penicillium janthinellum)菌株GXCR。本研究在该菌株中建立了基于携带苯菌灵抗性基因(Benr)的质粒pCPXBN-1、聚乙二醇(PEG)介导的原生质体转化体系。原生质体的产量和再生的最佳条件是酶解液中的酶浓度在0.6%~0.8%(纤维素酶∶蜗牛酶=1∶1)、孢子萌发后培养24 h的菌体和0.05 mol/L二硫苏半糖醇(DTT)预处理。最佳转化组合条件为3×108原生质体/mL,50μg质粒DNA组合条件下,40%PEG4000,山梨糖醇(sorbitol)-三(羟甲基)氨基甲烷盐酸盐(Tris-HCl)-氯化钙(CaCl2)缓冲液(STC)[1 mol/L sorbitol,50 mmol/L Tris-HCl(pH 7.0),50 mmol/L CaCl2],室温转化20 min。在此条件下的转化效率为0.3个转化子/μg DNA。     

几种铵盐对土壤吸附Cd2+和Zn2+的影响

采用平衡吸附法,研究了不同铵盐对潮褐土、红壤吸附Cd2+、Zn2+的影响。结果表明,土壤对Cd2+、Zn2+的吸附量随平衡溶液中Cd2+、Zn2+浓度的增加而增加;潮褐土和红壤对Cd2+、Zn2+的最大吸附量为:Zn2+ Cd2+,且潮褐土红壤;随NH4HCO3浓度的增加,两种土壤对Cd2+、Zn2+的吸附率显著提高,NH4Cl、NH4NO3和(NH4)2SO4抑制红壤对Cd2+、Zn2+的吸附及潮褐土对Cd2+的吸附,对潮褐土Zn2+的吸附率影响不显著;铵盐浓度相同时,红壤对Cd2+吸附率为:NH4HCO3NH4ClNH4NO3≈ (NH4)2SO4,红壤对Zn2+吸附率为:NH4HCO3NH4Cl NH4NO3(NH4)2SO4。     

改性沸石对Zn2+的吸附特性研究

通过间歇震荡平衡法研究了天然沸石及3种改性沸石对Zn2+的吸附特性。研究结果表明,沸石、改性沸石对Zn2+的等温吸附曲线符合Langmuir方程、Freundlich方程、Temkin方程,其中Freundlich方程的拟合性最好,相关系数在0.988～0.999之间。沸石及改性沸石对Zn2+吸附量大小顺序依次为铵改性沸石>钾改性沸石>镁改性沸石>天然沸石。该规律与改性阳离子价数、离子水合半径密切相关。     

不同时期施锌对旱稻籽粒锌积累的影响

为了探明不同时期施锌肥对旱稻籽粒锌积累的影响,在田间条件下对两个旱稻供试品种(巴西陆稻和旱稻502)进行不同时期施锌肥(100 kg/hm~2 ZnSO_4·7H_2O)处理(基施或花前7 d土壤追施),收获期对旱稻各器官锌含量进行测定和分析.结果表明,与对照(未施锌)和基施锌肥相比,花前7 d追施锌肥能显著增加地上部生物量和籽粒产量.施锌肥两处理均显著提高了旱稻地上部锌积累量.与基施锌肥相比,花前7 d施锌肥更能增加旱稻糙米中锌的含量,但在巴西陆稻上两种施锌方法对籽粒产量的增加均不显著.     

锌离子活度对水稻幼苗锌吸收分配的影响及基因型差异

采用卜HEDTA螯合缓冲营养液,在4个锌水平(pZn2+即-log[Zn2+])分别为11.4、11.0、10.3和9.7下对锌营养效率不同的4个水稻基因型[IR8192、IR26、BY(碧玉早糯)、Z921(浙农921)]进行营养液培养试验,研究水稻幼苗对Zn吸收、转运和利用规律。结果表明,随着锌离子活度下降,各水稻基因型的锌累积量下降,锌从地下部向地上部的转运率提高,锌利用效率提高,且各基因型间差异显著。在锌离子活度较低时,耐低锌基因型(IR8192)锌养分利用效率和提高养分利用率的能力要远远高于锌敏感基因型IR26和子粒富锌基因型BY;在锌离子活度较高时,水稻子粒富锌基因型BY有较强的锌富集能力,具有较高的秧苗锌累积量,这可能是其子粒富锌的主要机理之一;利用苗期营养性状筛选子粒富锌水稻基因型效果可能较好。     

氮锌配施对不同冬小麦品种产量及锌营养的影响

为比较石灰性土壤氮锌配施对不同小麦品种生长及锌营养的影响,选10种本地主要种植小麦品种,进行连续两年的田间试验,测定小麦产量及锌含量。结果表明,在石灰性土壤上单施锌肥和氮锌配施对小麦产量、籽粒锌含量的影响因品种而异。单施锌肥及氮锌配施处理可显著增加土壤有效锌含量,但单施锌肥处理仅增加"西杂1号"、"武农148"、"郑麦9023"籽粒锌含量;氮锌配施增加除"小偃22"外其余9种供试小麦品种籽粒锌含量,增幅为7.3%～54.7%。单施锌肥对小麦锌累积量增加的效果不明显;氮锌配施可显著增加小麦地上部锌累积量,两季分别增加6.5%、29.8%。单施氮肥可显著增加小麦锌吸收,但其主要累积在小麦茎叶部。在石灰性土壤上,单施锌肥虽显著增加了土壤有效锌含量,但对小麦产量及籽粒Zn含量增加有限,氮锌肥配施可取得较好效果。     

恒电荷土壤及可变电荷土壤与离子间相互作用的研究Ⅲ Cu2+和Zn2+的吸附特征

研究了3种典型可变电荷土壤和4种典型恒电荷土壤在不同pH和不同浓度下单纯及共存体系中Cu2 和Zn2 的吸附及其影响因素。结果表明,两类土壤对Cu2 或Zn2 的吸附量均随平衡浓度增加而增大,符合Langmuir吸附等温式;当Cu2 、Zn2 浓度一定时,pH升高使Cu2 、Zn2 吸附量增大,但当pH >5时,Cu2 、Zn2 吸附量随pH变化甚微,出现一个接近最大吸附量的“平台”。当添加Cu2 、Zn2 浓度相同,但二种离子的总浓度不同时,平衡液的Cu2 /Zn2 浓度比均小于1,说明两类土壤对Cu2 的吸附选择性大于Zn2 ,且这种趋势不因pH和离子浓度而改变。当Cu2 、Zn2 共存时,使可变电荷土壤的Zn2 吸附量减小约70 % ,是恒电荷土壤降低量的约1.5倍;可变电荷土壤吸附一个Cu2 或Zn2 时所释放H 的平均数,明显大于恒电荷土壤者,说明可变电荷土壤对Cu2 及Zn2 的吸附中专性吸附的比例较恒电荷土壤大     

Bioavailability of Zn as affected by root-induced changes of pakchoi cultivars with different Zn efficiencies

Background, aim, and scope  The Zn content in the human body is tremendously higher than that in the plant. It is vulnerable to Zn nutrition deficiency in the human body. Those who consume less animal products are subject to Zn deficiency and mainly live in the developing regions. The preventive measures against Zn deficiency in the human body, for example, Zn supplements from chemicals and Zn-fortified food, are expensive and often unattainable. We have been working on finding solutions to Zn malnutrition by screening Zn-efficient varieties of crops which can absorb more Zn from Zn-deficient soils and transfer more Zn to the edible part of crops. Pakchoi is a popular vegetable in many parts of the world. The Zn deficiency in the human body could be rectified by consuming Zn-efficient pakchoi cultivars. Rhizosphere is the ‘hotspot’ for plant–soil–microbe interactions, and the rhizospheric interactions play a key role in the micronutrient acquisition. However, little attention has been paid to the rhizosphere effects of different plant genotypes on the expression of nutrient efficiency. The aim of this study was to examine the difference of rhizosphere effect between two pakchoi cultivars with different Zn efficiencies. Materials and methods  A Zn-deficient calcareous purple soil was collected from central China. There were two Zn treatments, one with Zn addition (5 mg kg⁻¹ soil) and the other, which acts as a control, with no Zn addition. Two pakchoi cultivars were Wuyueman of Zn-efficient and Heiyoubaicai of Zn-inefficient plants. Ten seeds of each pakchoi cultivar were sown in the rhizobag. The plastic pot was filled with 0.8 kg soil with 37% of the soil in the rhizobag. The seedlings were harvested on day 45 after planting. The rhizosphere and bulk soil samples were analyzed for their physical and chemical properties, microbial biomass, and Zn concentrations. Zn in the plants was also determined. Results  The cultivar Wuyueman demonstrated a much higher depletion rate of available Zn in the rhizosphere than did the cultivar Heiyoubaicai. The available Zn in the rhizosphere of Wuyueman was lower in the rhizosphere soil (0.47 mg kg⁻¹) compared with that in the bulk soil (1.08 mg·kg⁻¹), and the depletion rate of available Zn was 56.5% under Zn deficiency. This was closely associated with the capacity of cultivar Wuyueman to take up more Zn from the soil, especially under Zn-limiting conditions. The rhizosphere pH of pakchoi cultivars was lower than that in the bulk soil, while the microbial biomass carbon in the rhizosphere was significantly higher than that in the bulk soil. Under Zn-deficient conditions, the rhizosphere pH of the cultivar Wuyueman was lower but the microbial biomass carbon was higher than those of the cultivar Heiyoubaicai. Discussion  Soil-available Zn was substantially depleted in the rhizosphere of two pakchoi cultivars, with the greater depletion rate being found in the cultivar Wuyueman rather than in the cultivar Heiyoubaicai, especially under Zn-deficient conditions. This was related to the mobilization of Zn induced by the plants with different Zn efficiencies and, thus, Zn bioavailability in the rhizosphere. The pH decrease and the increase of microbial biomass carbon in the rhizosphere of the cultivar Wuyueman might have contributed to the translocation of Zn in its rhizosphere, which allows Zn to be absorbed more easily by Wuyueman than by Heiyoubaicai. This suggests that root-induced changes in the rhizosphere of pakchoi have a certain effect on the expression of zinc efficiency. Conclusions  Root-induced changes mobilized Zn in the rhizosphere of two pakchoi cultivars and increased its bioavailability. The rate of Zn mobilization was higher in the rhizosphere of the Zn-efficient cultivar than that of the Zn-inefficient cultivar at low Zn levels. Recommendations and perspectives  Root-induced changes in the rhizosphere are important factors for the nutrient dynamics and, thus, also for the mineral nutrition of plants. Soil conditions near the roots are different from those in the bulk soil. Many results have shown that these differences depend on soil properties, fertilizer application, plant species, and other factors. Further research should focus on the environmental effects of the rhizosphere on nutrient availability.     

NaOH和H2O2预处理对玉米秸秆厌氧消化的影响

为提高秸秆厌氧消化的产气量及产气效率,采用NaOH和H2O2对玉米秸秆进行预处理,考察了不同浓度组合预处理对秸秆成分、厌氧消化性能的影响.试验结果表明,2％NaOH+3％H2O2预处理的处理效果最佳,与未经预处理的效果相比,总产气量提高了9.89％,消化时间缩短了14d,TS和VS降解率分别提高15.23％和17.85％.NaOH和H2O2联合试剂对秸秆进行预处理可以有效提高厌氧消化效率.     

磷的吸附对老成土和淋溶土中Cu、Zn离子吸附-解吸及其有效性的影响

Surface charge,secondary adsorption-desorption and form distribution of Cu^2 and Zn^2 in Ultisols and Alfisols having adsorbed phosphate were studied by potentiometric titration,adsorption equilibrium and sequential extraction method,respectively,The soil surface negative charges increased whereas the amount sequential extraction method,respectively.The soil surface ngative charges increased whereas the amount of positive charges decreased with increase of P adsorbed,The soil secondary adsorption capacity for Cu^2 and Zn^2 was positively significantly correlated with the amount of P adsorbed by the soils,which could be described by the Langmuir equation.The amounts of Cu^2 and Zn^2 desorption from soils were decreased after P adsorption by the soils and the relationship between them was linear,After the soils adsorbed P,form distribution of Cu^2 and Zn^2 in soils changed remarkably.     

羟基磷灰石对铅锌矿区土壤吸附Zn2+、Cd2+的影响

为探究羟基磷灰石(HAP)对矿区土壤重金属的固化效果,采用吸附试验,研究施加HAP的铅锌矿区土壤对Cd~(2+)、Zn~(2+)的动力学吸附和等温吸附效果。结果表明:土壤对Cd~(2+)、Zn~(2+)的吸附量随Cd~(2+)、Zn~(2+)初始浓度的增加而增加;在酸性条件下,其吸附量随pH上升而上升;准二级动力学方程能很好地描述两者的吸附过程,土壤吸附能力随HAP的添加量增大而增强;在Zn—Cd共存体系中,当初始浓度为20mg/L时,土壤对Zn~(2+)、Cd~(2+)的吸附无明显差异,2种金属离子竞争力度小,随着初始浓度上升,竞争明显,对Zn~(2+)的最大吸附量能达到单一体系中的79%～87%,而Cd~(2+)的最大吸附量只有单一体系中的57%～72%,Zn~(2+)的竞争力优于Cd~(2+),Zn~(2+)对Cd~(2+)吸附产生严重的抑制。综上可知,HAP能提高矿区土壤的吸附性能,在Zn、Cd污染土壤中,更能提升土壤对Zn~(2+)的吸附固持能力。     

锌离子活度对水稻产量及子粒锌含量的影响及基因型差异

试验采用HEDTA螯合缓冲营养液培养法,选用子粒含锌量有明显差异的两个水稻基因型(碧玉早糯和浙农921),采用4种锌离子活度(pZn2+9.7,10.3,11.0,11.4),研究了锌离子活度对水稻产量和子粒锌积累、分配与子粒品质的影响及基因型差异。结果表明,锌离子活度通过对水稻有效穗数、每穗颖花数、结实率和千粒重的影响而显著影响水稻单株产量,其中影响最大的是单株有效穗数,其次是每穗颖花数,而对结实率的影响相对较小,但均存在明显的基因型差异。锌离子活度显著影响水稻子粒锌含量,随锌离子活度下降,水稻子粒含锌量降低,当锌离子活度低于pZn2+10.3时,两基因型水稻的含锌量均显著降低,但基因型间存在明显差异。不论在何种锌离子活度下,碧玉早糯的子粒含锌量均显著高于浙农921。从子粒锌分配看,颖壳、糙米、精米锌含量均随着锌离子活度提高而提高,当pZn2+从10.3升高到9.7时,碧玉早糯的糙米和精米锌含量开始降低,颖壳锌含量则开始超过糙米的锌含量继续升高;而浙农921糙米和精米锌含量的升高幅度较颖壳锌含量小。不同锌离子活度下,糙米和精米锌含量的比值在0.790~.90之间变化,并以pZn2+为9.7时为最小。因此,通过筛选子粒富锌水稻品种来提高稻米锌含量经济可行;通过增加环境锌离子活度,改善水稻的锌营养能显著提高水稻子粒的锌含量。     

植物残体分解液淋洗对土柱 Ca2+ 淋失量的影响

选取紫花苜蓿、羊草、冷蒿3种北方草原代表性的草本植物,通过土柱淋洗试验,研究植物残体分解液淋洗对土壤溶液Ca2+ 含量的影响.结果表明,不同的植物残体种类和分解期对淋洗后土柱中溶液相Ca2+ 总量的影响不同,其中羊草初期分解液导致的降低量最大,促进土壤碳酸盐的溶解,而紫花苜蓿初期分解液的降低量最小,有利于土壤碳酸盐的稳定.因此,植被自然更替(草场退化)或人为更替(退耕还草)时会影响到土壤溶液中Ca2+ 的浓度,进而影响土壤中碳酸盐的沉淀-溶解平衡,最终导致土壤无机C库的增减.     

锌离子活度对水稻锌积累与分配的影响

采用HEDTA螯合剂缓冲营养液培养法,选用籽粒含锌量有明显差异的2个基因型水稻(BY和Z921),设置4种锌离子活度(pZn2+9.7、10.3、11.0、11.4),研究了锌离子活度对水稻锌积累、分配的影响以及对不同时期水稻叶片中锌的化学形态的影响。结果显示:(1)2个基因型水稻各器官的锌含量都随着锌离子活度的升高而升高,但不同基因型间,同一基因型不同器官间均存在差异,供锌正常的的条件下,锌首先向代谢活性较弱的营养器官分配;缺锌的条件下,锌首先满足籽粒的需要;(2)从籽粒锌分配看,当锌离子活度(pZn2+)小于10.3时,糙米锌含量最高,当pZn2+升高到9.7时,颖壳锌含量则超过糙米,糙米和精米锌含量的比值在0.79～0.90之间,并以pZn2+为9.7时为最小;(3)任一锌离子活度下,BY籽粒锌含量均大于Z921。表明通过筛选籽粒富锌水稻品种来提高稻米锌含量是经济可行的,且通过增加环境锌离子活度来改善水稻的锌营养能显著提高水稻籽粒的锌含量;(4)营养生长前期,水稻叶片中的锌主要以活性较低的醋酸提取态(重金属磷酸盐)存在;营养生长后期,锌主要以乙醇提取态(醇溶性蛋白、氨基酸等)存在。     

不同pH值和离子强度下土壤Zn2+/Cd2+/NH4+的运移特征

为探究锌、镉及铵态氮在土壤中的运移特征,该文通过室内土柱混合置换试验,分析了不同 pH 值和离子强度对锌、镉、铵态氮（Zn2+、Cd2+、NH4+）在土壤中运移的影响;获得了示踪剂Br和Zn2+/Cd2+/NH4+的穿透曲线（breakthrough curves,BTCs）,并对试验结果进行了模拟。研究表明：Zn2+/Cd2+/NH4+在土壤中运移时,运移速度：NH4+＞Zn2+＞Cd2+,pH 值越高,Zn2+/Cd2+/NH4+的出流时间越晚,峰值越低;离子强度越大,出流时间越早,峰值越高。描述溶质运移的非平衡两点模型（two-site model,TSM）能够较好地模拟 Zn2+/Cd2+/NH4+在土壤中的运移,pH值越高,模拟得到的分配系数Kd值越大（以Zn2+为例,由3.853增大到4.386）,f值越小（以Zn2+为例,由0.231减小到0.006）,分形系数β值很小且无明显变化规律;离子强度越大,模拟得到的分配系数Kd值越小（以Zn2+为例,由4.023减小到到3.381）,f值及分形系数β值均很小且无明显变化规律。该研究对深入了解Zn2+/Cd2+/NH4+在土壤中的运移机理、提出污染土壤修复措施提供科学依据。     

Residual effects of organic Zn fertilizers applied before the previous crop on Zn availability and Zn uptake by flax (Linum usitatissium)

The objective of this study was to compare the residual effect of zinc (Zn) from three Zn chelates (Zn‐aminelignosulfonate, Zn‐AML; Zn‐polyhydroxyphenylcarboxylate, Zn‐PHP; and Zn‐ethylenediaminedisuccinate, Zn‐EDDS), applied at two rates (5 and 10 mg Zn [kg soil]^–1, respectively) to a previous crop, for a flax crop (Linum usitatissimum L.). For the greenhouse experiment, two different soils were used: a weakly acidic soil, classified as Typic Haploxeralf (Soil_acid), and a calcareous soil, classified as Typic Calcixerept (Soil_calc). Plant availability of soil Zn was evaluated using the DTPA‐triethanolamine (TEA), Mehlich 3, and low‐molecular‐weight organic acids (LMWOAs) methods. Easily leachable Zn was determined, and soil Zn status was characterized based on the Zn distribution in different fractions obtained by a sequential extraction. The Zn reserves after the previous crop were substantial and ranged from 2.85% to 5.61% of available Zn (Mehlich 3‐extractable) with respect to the applied Zn. Plant parameters such as dry‐matter yield, total Zn, and soluble Zn concentrations were measured, and Zn utilization by plants was calculated. In both soils, the highest concentrations of available Zn were associated with the application of Zn‐AML at a rate of 10 mg Zn kg^–1. In Soil_acid the largest quantity of easily leachable Zn was also observed with Zn‐AML fertilizer. Similarly, Zn‐AML resulted in the highest Zn concentration in flax seeds (229 mg Zn kg^–1 and 72 mg Zn kg^–1 for the highest rate of Zn application to Soil_acid and Soil_calc, respectively). The results suggest that these Zn chelates resulted in a residual effect in soils with appropriate concentrations of the most labile fractions of Zn and available Zn, particularly when Zn‐AML was applied at the highest rate. This chelate was more effective in Soil_acid than in Soil_calc. In the weakly acidic soil at the lowest Zn level it was associated with the highest percentage of Zn utilization by the flax plant and the most effective Zn transfer from soil to the plant.     

Effect of Zn binding to phytate and humic substances on its uptake by wheat (Triticum durum L.) as affected by carbonates and Fe oxides

Although complexation with soil organic matter may improve zinc (Zn) bioavailability to plants, the effect of Zn sorbent surface on the use of complexed Zn by plants remains unknown. The objective of this research was to elucidate how Zn complexation with humic substances (HS) and phytate affects the uptake of Zn by wheat plants depending on the main sorbent surface in growth media, i.e., carbonates and Fe oxides. To this end, two pot experiments were performed, one using Fe oxide-coated siliceous as the siliceous growth medium sand and the other using a mixture of calcareous sand and siliceous sand as the calcareous growth medium. Each experiment involved three Zn sources, Zn-HS complex, Zn phytate, and ZnSO₄. All sources were applied with surface irrigation at two Zn rates (0.25 and 2 mg kg^-1 growth medium). The Zn-HS complex significantly increased Zn uptake by plants in both media, relative to the other two Zn sources, but no significant difference was observed between Zn phytate and ZnSO₄. In the calcareous medium, Zn-HS complex and Zn phytate resulted in significantly higher dry biomass yields of wheat than ZnSO₄. In the siliceous medium, spike and shoot dry biomass yields with Zn-HS complex at the low rate and Zn phytate at both rates were not significantly different from those with ZnSO₄ at the high rate. After harvest, approximately 50% of the Zn applied as Zn-HS complex remained extractable by diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA), while this proportion was less than 20% for the other Zn sources. Thus, Zn-HS complex and Zn phytate are sources of available Zn for plants, and they are more effective than ZnSO₄ in increasing plant growth, particularly when carbonates are the main Zn sorbent surface.     

磷锌肥配施对冬小麦籽粒锌生物有效性的影响

为查明磷锌肥配施对小麦籽粒锌生物有效性的影响, 本研究选用锌效率不同的4种冬小麦基因型, 从P-Zn-植酸关系出发, 进行了田间试验。结果表明, 锌肥的施用在不同程度上降低了小麦籽粒的磷含量、磷锌比、植酸含量以及[植酸]/[Zn²⁺]摩尔比, 降低幅度分别为0.5%、1.85%、2.7%及6.2%, 提高了小麦籽粒的锌生物有效性。相对于锌肥, 磷肥对小麦籽粒植酸含量及[植酸]/[Zn²⁺]摩尔比的影响更大: ①总体上提高了小麦籽粒中的植酸含量及[植酸]/[Zn²⁺]摩尔比, 降低了小麦籽粒锌生物有效性, 以施用100 kg·hm^-2磷肥时为例, 植酸含量及[植酸]/[Zn²⁺]摩尔比与不施磷肥相比分别提高13.4%和25.94%; ②植酸含量及[植酸]/[Zn²⁺]摩尔比随着磷肥用量的增加呈单峰曲线变化, 并分别在100 kg·hm^-2和150 kg·hm^-2用量下达到5.02 mg·g^-1和11.56的峰值, 而过量施用磷肥会降低小麦籽粒中植酸的合成和累积; ③[植酸]/[Zn²⁺]摩尔比在适量施磷(100 kg·hm^-2)条件下与少量(50 kg·hm^-2)施磷相比几乎没有变化, 但明显低于高量施磷(150 kg·hm^-2)。总之, 通过合理的磷肥调控, 辅以锌肥的施用, 相对降低小麦籽粒的[植酸]/[Zn²⁺]摩尔比可能是提高小麦籽粒锌生物有效性的关键。