耧斗菜园艺品种与野生华北耧斗菜亲缘关系的SRAP分析

以采自山西省沁水县历山等8处植物多样性丰富的山区10个华北耧斗菜材料和5个耧斗菜园艺品种为试材,采用SRAP(sequence-related amplified polymorphism)分子标记技术进行了亲缘关系分析。结果表明:从88对引物中筛选出17对多态性丰富的引物组合用于PCR扩增,得到扩增条带352条,其中多态性条带307条,多态性比率为87.2%。利用NTSYSpc-2.0软件进行UPGMA聚类分析,分别得出15个供试材料与10个华北耧斗菜材料间的亲缘关系树状图。15个供试材料的相似系数为0.6416~0.8571,聚类结果遵循植物学分类。10个华北耧斗菜材料的相似系数为0.7218~0.8571,生境是影响华北耧斗菜聚类结果的主要因素,地理分布为次要因素。     

耧斗菜野生资源的AFLP遗传多样性分析

以包括22份野生资源的5个耧斗菜物种为试材,采用AFLP分子标记方法,分析了中国耧斗菜野生资源的遗传变异和遗传多样性,为系统鉴定耧斗菜野生资源奠定基础。结果表明:10对引物共扩增出293个多态性位点,多态性位点比率为62.5%。Shannon多样性和He值分析结果表明,5个物种的遗传多样性大小顺序为无距耧斗菜耧斗菜尖萼耧斗菜直距耧斗菜华北耧斗菜。遗传距离分析结果表明,耧斗菜与尖萼耧斗菜遗传距离最小,尖萼耧斗菜与直距耧斗菜遗传距离最大。     

意趣天成的耧斗菜

耧斗菜（Aquilegia vulgaris）也称耧斗花、漏斗花，因花形很像中国农耕时代的“耧车”的斗而得名。     

低温胁迫对耧斗菜脯氨酸和可溶性蛋白含量的影响

以加拿大引进的耧斗菜为试材,研究低温胁迫对耧斗菜根系脯氨酸含量和可溶性蛋白含量变化的影响。结果表明:低温胁迫下5种耧斗菜脯氨酸和可溶性蛋白的含量明显增加,因品种不同而含量各有差异,且差异显著;不同品种耧斗菜的抗寒性存在差异,抗寒性强的品种,具有更高的脯氨酸和可溶性蛋白含量,反之亦然。     

耧斗菜属植物研究进展

目前我国对耧斗菜属植物资源背景的探索还不够全面,繁殖体系的建成已有初步进展,创新育种工作起步较晚,成果较少,对耧斗菜属植物药用成分的定性定量研究已较为完善。为了更好地开发和利用耧斗菜属植物,可在引种驯化、药物开发以及生态修复等方面进行拓展,为耧斗菜属植物后续的研究提供可靠的理论依据。     

耧斗菜乙醇粗提液对桃蚜的触杀作用

以耧斗菜为研究材料,以桃蚜为供试昆虫,采用浸虫法测定了桃蚜经不同生育期、不同浓度的耧斗菜全株乙醇粗提液处理后的死亡率和校正死亡率,采用R语言分析了显著性差异并计算了毒力回归方程,研究了耧斗菜乙醇粗提液对桃蚜的室内触杀活性,以期为耧斗菜作为植物源杀虫剂新来源提供参考依据。结果表明:耧斗菜全生育期的乙醇粗提液对桃蚜均具有一定的触杀作用,作用时间越长,效果越明显,在相同浓度和作用时间下,花期的杀虫活性最高,显著高于结实期和苗期;48 h毒力回归方程为y=1.57+2.22x,R2=0.87,LC50=35.1 mg·mL^-1,72 h毒力回归方程为y=1.5+2.53x,R2=0.9,LC50=24.2 mg·mL^-1。     

优美逸趣的耧斗菜

耧斗菜（Aquilegia vulgaris）叶态优美，形似蕨类植物，花形独特，花瓣基部生有管状的“弯距”，犹如可集水的漏斗，又称漏斗花，花色多样，是人见人爱的宿根花卉。欧美地区的私家小庭园内广泛栽培，尤其在美国和英国十分流行，在品种改良上也非常突出，新品种不断上市。     

尖萼耧斗菜花药发育解剖学研究

通过常规石蜡切片法观察研究了尖萼耧斗菜花药的发育过程。结果表明:尖萼耧斗菜每个花药具4个花粉囊,小孢子在四分体中的排列属四面体型。成熟花粉粒属2-细胞型,并有3个萌发沟。花粉囊壁由4层细胞构成,即表皮(1层)、药室内壁(1层)、中层(多层)、绒毡层(1层)。绒毡层发育属分泌型,出现多核现象。     

干旱胁迫对耧斗菜根解剖结构及生理特性的影响

以大花耧斗菜为试材,采用常规石蜡切片显微观测等方法,研究了0%(CK)、10%、20%、30%、40%PEG浓度干旱胁迫对耧斗菜在0、3、6、9、12d的须根数、根长、根冠比、维根比等形态指标以及可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白质、丙二醛等生理指标的影响,以期从细胞学和生物化学层面分析耧斗菜抗旱机理。结果表明:干旱胁迫对大花耧斗菜须根数无显著性影响;根长显著增加,40%PEG胁迫12d,根长从20.94cm增加至25.60cm;根冠比在胁迫3d后显著增加,40%PEG胁迫12d,根冠比从0.846增加至1.952;维根比随着PEG浓度的增加显著增加,PEG胁迫6d,维根比从0.337增至0.483,PEG胁迫12d,PEG浓度对维根比影响不显著,但均高于CK的0.359。干旱胁迫下大花耧斗菜植株丙二醛含量和游离脯氨酸含量总体呈上升趋势,可溶性蛋白质含量变化不显著,可溶性糖含量的变化趋势是整体先下降后上升,而且含量都低于CK。     

Progress in stress-induced heat shock signaling pathways

A lot of diseases (e.g., acute infarction and infections) and the diversity of harmful environmental changes, including elevating temperature, heavy metals and oxidants damage many kinds of proteins in organism. The denatured proteins usually evoke endogenous adaptive cellular mechanisms called heat shock response. After the activation, heat shock factors (HSFs) bind with heat shock element (HSE). This progress induces heat shock protein (HSP) expression, then facilitates repair of misfolded proteins, and finally inhibits the cell death (both necrosis and apoptosis) pathways. This review will introduce the structures and functions of HSF, HSP and HSE and details on the signaling process of HSP regulation by HSF.     

热激处理抑制牛蒡鲜切片褐变的研究

 研究了热激处理对鲜切牛蒡褐变的影响及其抑制褐变的机理。结果表明,切后50 ℃ 6 min,55 ℃ 3 min和切前50 ℃ 10 min 3种不同热激处理均较好地抑制了贮藏期间鲜切牛蒡的褐变。在1 ℃,未经处理的对照3 d就明显褐变。热激处理的牛蒡贮藏至12 d仍具有较好的色泽,且失水程度明显低于对照,感官品质明显好于对照。热激处理抑制了苯丙氨酸解氨酶（PAL）活性、总酚含量和呼吸速率的上升,是其延缓褐变的主要原因。     

Molecular characterisation and expression analysis of a sHSP gene involved in heat shock treatment-induced chilling tolerance in highbush blueberry fruit

Plant small heat shock proteins (sHSPs) are abundant and diverse proteins involved in various stresses. In this study, a small heat shock protein gene (VcHSP17.7) encoding a 160-amino acid protein was isolated from the highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.). Sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis indicated that the VcHSP17.7 is a member of the plant cytosolic class II sHSPs; this finding was supported by the subcellular localisation pattern of a VcHSP17.7-YFP fusion protein. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) showed that the VcHSP17.7 gene was expressed in all analysed tissues. Heat shock experiments were conducted using mature blueberry fruit. The anthocyanin content was lower in heat shock-treated fruit than in control fruit after 14 days of storage at 2°C. The malondialdehyde (MDA) content was lower in heat shock-treated fruit than in control fruit during subsequent low-temperature storage, which indicates that heat shock treatment may have alleviated chilling injury (CI) and enhanced the chilling tolerance of the blueberry fruit. Meanwhile, the expression of VcHSP17.7 in blueberry fruit was induced by heat shock treatment and gradually increased during subsequent low-temperature storage. These results suggest that VcHSP17.7 might be involved in the chilling tolerance of blueberry fruit caused by heat shock treatment.     

南瓜HSP70蛋白家族的鉴定和生物信息学分析

热激蛋白70(heat shock protein 70,HSP70)是植物应对逆境胁迫产生的一类特定的应激蛋白。以南瓜基因组数据库为基础,利用生物信息学方法对南瓜HSP70基因家族进行鉴定分析,并对蛋白特征、基因结构、保守结构域和启动子序列进行研究。结果表明:南瓜基因组数据库中含有10个HSP70,编码的蛋白序列长度为572~843个氨基酸,HSP70蛋白含有6~8个保守结构域,可分为4个亚家族。基因结构分析表明HSP70具有0~8个内含子。启动子元件分析显示HSP70的启动子含有多个信号元件,说明HSP70可能参与多种功能的调控。研究结果为下一步研究HSP70家族蛋白的功能奠定基础。     

Role of post-hemorrhagic shock mesenteric lymph drainage in restoring balance of ACE/ACE2 in kidney of mice

AIM: To study the role of post-hemorrhagic shock mesenteric lymph (PHSML) drainage on the balance of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) and ACE2 in the kidney. METHODS: A hemorrhagic shock model was established and then fluid resuscitation was performed to the animals in shock and shock+drainage groups, and the PHMSL was drained in shock+drainage group after fluid resuscitation. After 6 h of resuscitation, the mRNA expression of ACE, ACE2, angiotensin Ⅱ (Ang Ⅱ) type 1 receptor (AT1R) and Mas-related G-protein-coupled receptor (MasR), and the levels of Ang Ⅱ and Ang (1-7) in the renal tissues were observed. RESULTS: Hemorrhagic shock increased the levels of ACE mRNA, AT1R mRNA and Ang Ⅱ, and decreased the levels of ACE2 mRNA, MasR mRNA and Ang(1-7) in the kidney. PHSML drainage abolished the effect of hemorrhagic shock on ACE2 and AT1R mRNA expression. Meanwhile, PHSML drainage reduced the hemorrhagic shock-induced increases in the ratios of ACE/ACE2, Ang Ⅱ/Ang(1-7) and AT1R/MasR. CONCLUSION: The PHSML drainage restores the balance of ACE/ACE2, which is beneficial to alleviate acute kidney injury following hemorrhagic shock in the mice.