苦丁茶提取物多酚含量与抗氧化活性的测定

首先用不同的有机溶剂分部萃取苦丁茶(Ilex kudincha C.J.Tseng)热水提取物(粗提物),得到氯仿萃取物、乙酸乙酯萃取物、正丁醇萃取物及萃取剩余物,然后采用Folin-Ciocalteu比色法测定粗提物和各萃取物的多酚含量,同时应用DPPH法、TEAC法和FRAP法分别测定粗提物和各萃取物的自由基清除能力和还原Fe3+能力。结果表明,苦丁茶提取物具有较高的多酚含量和较强的抗氧化能力;DPPH法和FRAP法测定各提取物抗氧化能力的结果为乙酸乙酯萃取物>正丁醇萃取物>粗提物>萃取剩余物>氯仿萃取物,TEAC法测定结果为乙酸乙酯萃取物>正丁醇萃取物>粗提物>氯仿萃取物>萃取剩余物;多酚含量与抗氧化能力之间、所用抗氧化测定方法之间均存在较好的相关性。     

千层金叶片醇提物抗氧化活性的研究

为了探究千层金叶片醇提物的抗氧化活性,本文研究了千层金叶片醇提物及其不同极性部位的抗氧化活性和总多酚含量。研究结果表明：千层金叶片醇提物正丁醇相的总多酚含量最高,为(453.75±0.75) mg/g;75%甲醇粗提物及其正丁醇相对ABTS ⁺自由基的清除能力较抗坏血酸（VC）强;各组分还原力强弱顺序为VC>正丁醇相>75%甲醇粗提物>水相>乙酸乙酯相>BHT>石油醚相;正丁醇相和乙酸乙酯相对DPPH自由基的清除能力较醇提物和水相强,石油醚相最弱;千层金叶片醇提物及其不同极性部位清除ABTS ⁺自由基清除能力、DPPH自由基清除能力及还原力均与其总多酚含量呈正相关。除石油醚相外,千层金叶片醇提物及其不同极性部位均有较强的抗氧化活性,可作为一种良好天然抗氧化剂的物质来源。     

苦丁茶不同提取物抗氧化活性比较及其GC-MS分析

利用气相色谱-质谱联用技术（GC-MS）,对苦丁茶超声辅助不同有机溶剂（乙醇、乙酸乙酯、石油醚）提取物及超临界CO₂萃取物的体外抗氧化活性（DPPH自由基清除能力、羟基自由基清除活性、超氧阴离子自由基清除活性和ABTS ⁺自由基清除能力）进行比较分析。结果表明,苦丁茶不同提取物DPPH清除能力和超氧阴离子自由基清除活性依次为：超声-乙醇提取物>超临界CO₂萃取物>超声-乙酸乙酯提取物>超声-石油醚提取物,羟基自由基和ABTS ⁺自由基清除能力依次为：超声-乙醇提取物>超声-乙酸乙酯提取物>超临界CO₂萃取物>超声-石油醚提取物。GC-MS结果显示,苦丁茶不同提取物中主要有5类物质,共有49种化学成分,7种共有成分。     

四种体系评价辽东丁香枝不同部位抗氧化活性

目的对辽东丁香枝的总提液、氯仿层、乙酸乙酯层、正丁醇层、水层进行抗氧化活性的评定。方法采用清除DPPH自由基、清除ABTS+.自由基、还原性和总酚含量测定的方法,利用分光光度法测定辽东丁香枝不同部位在不同浓度下的抗氧化能力及总酚含量。结果辽东丁香枝不同部位具有明显的清除DPPH、ABTS+.自由基的能力,且有较好的还原能力和较高的总酚含量。在清除DPPH自由基体系中,乙酸乙酯层的抗氧化能力最强,其IC50值最低为0.033mg/m L,正丁醇层和氯仿层的次之,IC50分别为0.0546,0.0638mg/m L,在清除ABTS+自由基体系中,各部位抗氧化活性大小为:乙酸乙酯层总提液氯仿层正丁醇层水层;还原性体系测定中,乙酸乙酯层的还原能力接近于BHT的;乙酸乙酯层的总酚含量最大,为164.7μg/mg,接近BHT的168.2μg/mg。结论辽东丁香枝具有较好的抗氧化活性,其抗氧化能力与总酚含量有较好的相关性,需要进一步深入研究,开发为天然抗氧化剂。     

多穗金粟兰乙酸乙酯部分的抗氧化及抗炎活性研究

目的 对贵州产的多穗金粟兰的乙酸乙酯部分进行活性研究。方法 采用75%乙醇回流提取,并用乙酸乙酯进行萃取,对乙酸乙醋部分进行小鼠足肿胀的抗炎实验;比较萃取后的乙酸乙酯层和水层的DPPH、ABTS抗氧化实验。结果 乙酸乙酯层清除DPPH自由基的能力优于水层;乙酸乙酯层和水层清除ABTS自由基清基的能力相当,乙酸乙酯层对小鼠足肿胀模型有较好的抗炎效果。结论多穗金粟兰乙酸乙酯部分具有较强的抗氧化活性和抗炎活性,为多穗金粟兰药效学物质基础及机理研究提供依据。     

基于灰色关联度的叠鞘石斛叶抗氧化部位的筛选

以不同浓度乙醇对叠鞘石斛[Dendrobium aurantiacum Rchb. f. var. denneanum (Kerr.) Z. H. Tsi. ]叶进行提取,再用不同极性溶剂对抗氧化活性较高的60%乙醇粗提取物进行萃取,分别得到石油醚层、二氯甲烷层、乙酸乙酯层、正丁醇层和水层,采用超高效液相色谱法（ultra performance liquid chromatography,UPLC）和紫外-分光光度法对各部位进行成分分析,以DPPH自由基清除活性为指标,利用灰色关联度进行相关性分析,筛选主要的抗氧化活性部位。其中,总黄酮在正丁醇层最高（24.89%）;多糖在水层最高（0.23%）;各萃取层均有抗氧化活性,DPPH自由基清除能力强弱顺序为水层>正丁醇层>乙酸乙酯层>二氯甲烷层>石油醚层。筛选出正丁醇层、水层为抗氧化主要活性部位,其抗氧化活性是黄酮类、多糖等成分协同作用的结果,为进一步提取抗氧化活性化合物,开发天然抗氧化剂提供一定的指导。     

云南普洱茶不同溶剂提取物抗氧化活性研究

以芦丁与Vc为对照,测定云南普洱茶不同溶剂提取物清除DPPH自由基、羟自由基、超氧阴离子自由基、亚硝酸盐的能力及其还原力.结果表明:普洱茶不同溶剂提取物的抗氧化活性与其浓度成正相关,对DPPH自由基、羟自由基与超氧阴离子有较强的清除作用,对亚硝酸盐的清除作用不明显,具有一定的还原力.其中,乙醇沉析物、正丁醇提取物、乙醇提取物、乙醇溶解物对DPPH.自由基清除效果较好,相同浓度下优于芦丁;水提取物、乙醇沉析物及乙酸乙酯提取物对羟自由基清除效果较好,但效果不如Vc;乙酸乙酯提取物对超氧阴离子自由基和亚硝酸盐的清除作用较好,还原力也很强.     

大叶蟹甲草不同萃取部位抗氧化活性研究

目的研究大叶蟹甲草不同萃取部位的抗氧化活性。方法采用ABTS、DPPH自由基及还原性反应体系,利用分光光度法测定大叶蟹甲草的总提液、乙酸乙酯层、正丁醇层和石油醚层在不同浓度下的抗氧化能力及其总酚含量。结果大叶蟹甲草的不同萃取部位对AB＇IS、DPPH自由基均具有较强的清除能力及还原能力,其结果与浓度呈良好的量效关系。其中乙酸乙酯层抗氧化能力最强,在浓度为0．62mg／mL时,对ABTS自由基的最大清除率为91．57％,对DPPH·的最大清除率为94．87％,与同浓度VC的清除率接近,且其IC50分别为0．066mg／mL、0．004mg／mL,测得乙酸乙酯层总酚含量最高,达10．45％。大叶蟹甲草具有较好的抗氧化能力,其中乙酸乙酯层抗氧化能力最显著,与总酚含量有较大的相关性,同时该结果也客观地反映了DPPH法、ABTS-＋法及还原性法测定大叶蟹甲草抗氧化活性的准确性。     

普洱茶与红茶的抗氧化特性比较研究

采用氯仿,乙酸乙酯,正丁醇等溶剂,分步萃取普洱茶及红茶水提物。采用化学发光法和可见分光光度法比较两类茶水提物及萃取组分在水相和油相中的抗氧化性。结果表明普洱茶在水相中的抗氧化能力无论在总体或单个组分上均略低于红茶;两类茶水提物对某些油脂具有较好抗氧化性;乙酸乙酯萃取组分对两类茶在水相中的抗氧化性起主导作用,且红茶略高于普洱茶,在油相中均无表现明显抗氧化性。     

东北野生榛子叶中鞣质成分的提取工艺研究

目的榛子叶中鞣质含量最高,临床应用广泛,对其进行研究开发具有重要意义。方法采用正交实验法,以鞣质主要代表成分没食子酸含量为指标,考察乙酸乙酯、正丁醇对鞣质萃取效果,筛选出超声提取榛子叶中鞣质为最佳提取工艺。结果榛子总鞣质、乙酸乙酯萃取物和正丁醇萃取物中所含的没食子酸成分含量为乙酸乙酯萃取物最高。结论鞣质具有重要的理论和实用价值,需在抗氧化实验中进一步确定各组分的鞣质含量。     

嘉宝果嫩叶提取物不同极性部位抗氧化及抑制α-葡萄糖苷酶活性研究

从植物中寻找天然的抗氧化剂和α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制剂对糖尿病患者具有重要的意义。采用比色法对嘉宝果嫩叶醇提物不同极性部位进行总多酚和总黄酮含量、抗氧化活性及α-葡萄糖苷酶活性抑制活性研究,以期为嘉宝果嫩叶有效提取部位在食品、化工及医学领域的应用提供一定的参考依据。结果表明,乙酸乙酯相的总多酚含量（33.92 mg/g及总黄酮含量（13.35 mg/g）最高,其次为正丁醇相（总多酚31.11 mg/g;总黄酮12.93 mg/g）及水相（总多酚17.04 mg/g;总黄酮11.18 mg/g）;石油醚相及二氯甲烷相均未检测到总多酚及总黄酮。乙酸乙酯相与正丁醇相对DPPH及ABTS ⁺自由基的清除能力相当,明显高于其他极性部位。对酵母源和小鼠小肠源α-葡萄糖苷酶活性抑制活性大小依次分别为乙酸乙酯相>正丁醇相>水相>石油醚相>二氯甲烷相和乙酸乙酯相>正丁醇相>水相>二氯甲烷相>石油醚相。以上结果表明嘉宝果嫩叶乙酸乙酯相与正丁醇相总多酚及总黄酮含量较高,抗氧化活性及对α-葡萄糖苷酶活性的抑制作用较强,是挖掘抗氧化及抑制α-葡萄糖苷酶活性物质的主要极性部位。     

The influence of the growth season on the antimicrobial and antioxidative activity in Artemisia princeps var. orientalis

We investigated the influence of the growth season of Artemisia princeps var. orientalis (P_AMPAN.) H_ARA on antimicrobial and antioxidative activities. The ethyl acetate and water fractions of crude methanol extract from the plant collected monthly (April through October) were tested against three gram-positive, two gram-negative bacteria and one lactic acid bacterium. The ethyl acetate and water fractions of crude methanol extract from A. princeps var. orientalis collected in August and September had the highest antimicrobial activity. The antimicrobial activity of extract from A. princeps var. orientalis for Lactobacillus plantarum was not found at any concentration and in any growth season. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for each strain by ethyl acetate fraction of methanol extract from A. princeps var. orientalis was different depending on the tested strain and growth season of the plant. MIC for each strain was the highest in the sample from April, followed by October. The antioxidative activities of methanol extracts from A. princeps var. orientalis collected monthly were measured by their scavenging activity on free radical of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibitory activity. The DPPH radical scavenging activities of the extracts from the plants collected in May, June and July were higher than any other. The XO inhibitory activities of the extracts of A. princeps var. orientalis collected in April and May showed the greatest activity, it is different with antimicrobial activity. This is the first report that antimicrobial and antioxidative activity of the extracts of A. princeps var. orientalis is different with growth season.     

刺五加叶不同部位抗氧化活性的研究

目的研究刺五加叶不同部位在不同浓度下的体外抗氧化活性。方法采用清除ABTS+自由基、DPPH自由基评价法和测定还原性法,利用紫外分光光度计法测定刺五加叶的总提液、10%、30%和50%大孔吸附树脂醇洗脱部位在不同浓度下的抗氧化能力。结果刺五加叶不同部位抗氧化活性的强弱顺序为:30%部位>10%部位>总提液>50%部位,随着各部位浓度的增加,抗氧化能力增强。ABTS+自由基和DPPH自由基模型中,在浓度为0.64mg/mL时,30%的部位对ABTS+DPPH自由基模最大清除率分别达到99.541%、95.331%,与同浓度VC的清除率接近,其次浓度0.64mg/mL的10%部位的最大清除率分别达到96.324%、88.033%。在还原性法测定中30%部位在浓度为0.64mg/mL时,吸光度为2.269,与VC较接近,同浓度时10%部位的吸光度为2.155,次于30%部位。结论刺五加叶抗氧化能力较好,各种评定方法结合分析,其30%部位最好,可以开发为抗氧化剂,为进一步研究和开发刺五加叶提供了科学依据。     

Toxical effect of Peganum harmala L. leaves on the cotton leaf worm, Spodoptera littoralis Boisd and its parasitoids Microplitis rufiventris Kok

The leaf extract and its fractions of Peganum harmala L. have shown pronounced mortal effect, decreased percent pupation and adult emergence of the cotton leaf worm, Spodoptera littoralis Boisd. The third instar larvae fed for two days on treated leaves were more susceptible to plant extract and its ethyl acetate and chloroform fractions. The active lowest concentration (5%) of the leaf fractions of P. harmala showed significant effect on the percentage of emerged adult parasitoids, Microplitis rufiventris Kok. GC/MS analysis showed the major constituent in ethyl acetate fraction was (23S) ethylcholest-5-en-3 beta-ol (28.04%) while those of chloroform fraction were hydroxyfuranocoumarin (Bergaptol) (15.68%), piperidinone (12.08%), thymol (11.82%), phosphoric acid, tributyl ester (9.80%) and trimethyl-nonenol (9.66%). The medicinal plant P. harmala could be carefully applied in integrated pest management due to its strong effect on cotton leaf worm pest.     

Antioxidant and Antifungal Activity of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Verbena officinalis</Emphasis> L. Leaves

The scavenging activity against DPPH (1,1-diphenil-2-picrylhydrazyl) radical and the antifungal effect against chloroform, ethyl acetate and 50% methanolic extracts of Verbena officinalis leaves were investigated. The activity of different fractions of 50% methanolic extract and some isolated compounds were also investigated. The results suggest that 50% methanolic extract and caffeoyl derivatives could potentially be considered as excellent and readily available sources of natural antifungal and antioxidant compounds.     

Antioxidant activity of phenolic compounds obtained by autohydrolysis of corn residues

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of autohydrolysis temperature of corn residues in the antioxidant activity of the phenolic compounds extracted from the liquid phase. The treatments were carried out at 160, 180, 190 and 200 °C for 30 min in a pressurized batch reactor. Two different methods for phenolic compounds extraction from the autohydrolysis liquors were investigated. For that purpose, solvent extraction with ethyl acetate and acidic precipitation were performed for phenolic compounds recovery. These methods have been compared in terms of extraction yield, physicochemical properties of obtained polyphenols (characterization by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, Thermogravimetric Analysis and Gel Permeation Chromatography), total phenolic content, total antioxidant capacity and Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) values, measured in DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) test system. The maximum phenolic contents ranged from 6.04 mg GAE/100 mg extract in acidic precipitated samples to 16.45 mg GAE/100 mg extract in ethyl acetate soluble fractions. The results indicated that the ethyl acetate fractions possessed the highest antioxidant activity, reaching after 30-60 min the same capacity reported for the reference synthetic antioxidants (Trolox).     

Screening of endophytic fungi having ability for antioxidative and alpha-glucosidase inhibitor activities isolated from Taxus sumatrana

Endophytic microbes are considered as an important source of natural products. They show antibiotic, anticancer, antioxidative and antidiabetic activities. Therefore, there are many reports on the isolation and bioactivity screening of endophytic fungi from various plants including Taxus species. Taxus sumatrana (Miq.) de Laub is found in Indonesia. The objective of this study is to conduct an in vitro screening of 14 endophytic fungi isolated from Taxus sumatrana having antioxidative and alpha-glucosidase inhibitor activities. Each endophytic fungus was cultured for 7 days and the fungal mycelium and medium were extracted with methanol and ethyl acetate, respectively, to produce each extract. The antioxidative activity of each extract was tested by DPPH free radical scavenging activity and beta-carotene bleaching assays, whereas antidiabetic activity was tested based on alpha-glucosidase inhibitor activity. The screening results showed that fungal mycelia of TSC 13 had the best alpha-glucosidase inhibitor activity and TSC 24 had the best antioxidative activity. Isolation of bioactive compounds from TSC 13 and TSC 24 is being conducted. This is the first report that endophytic fungi isolated from T. sumatrana exhibited anti alpha-glucosidase inhibitory and anti oxidative activities.