海带在饲料中的应用

海带是一种常见的海产品,属海藻中的褐藻,自然生长和人工养殖均可.海带粉中含有丰富的碘、矿物质、维生素和色素,以及可刺激动物生长的活性物质,这也是其主要饲用价值所在.海带对人体和动物既无毒性又无过敏反应,且有较高的食用和药用价值.海带所含矿物质和多数微量元素,以有机态存在,不易发生氧化作用.因此,海带不仅是人类的营养保健食品,而且是优良的饲料添加剂.     

开发海带饲用

海带含有丰富的营养成分，是重要的饲料资源，我国年产海带干品20～30万吨，占有饲用潜力藻类的40％。一、海带的营养价值海带含有非氮化合物占30～60％，主要是海藻胶、淀粉、甘露醇、褐藻糖胶和纤维素等。矿物质和微量元素占20～30％，其中主要有钾、钠、镁、锯、碘、澳、氯、硼、钻、锰、锌、铝、硒、钛等。钙含量比玉米和鼓皮分别高数倍，钙磷比例为4．86：1。纤维素比玉米和鼓皮分别高8．87％和26．7％，并含有维生素A、B、K、E及胡萝卜素等。二、海带的饲用价值（一）特效功能：海带含有多种矿物质、维生素，能促进畜禽对营养物质的…     

海带粉在畜禽饲养中的应用

海带是一种常见的海产品。海带粉中含有丰富的碘、矿物质、维生素和色素等,具有多种生理学功能,并且近几年在畜禽饲养业得到广泛应用这也是其主要饲用价值所在。本文综述了近年来海带粉在畜禽饲料中的应用情况。希望对今后的应用及研究起到一定的参考作用。     

海带作饲料添加剂好处多

海带含有丰富的碘化物和矿物质、维生素以及刺激动物生长的活性成分。同时,其所含有的矿物质和绝大多数微量元素均以有机态存在。因而,用海带粉作饲料添加剂可以有效地改进饲料的营养结构,好处很多。     

海带作饲料添加剂好

海带含有丰富的碘化物、矿物质、维生素,以及刺激动物生长的活性物质。海带中所含的矿物质和绝大多数微量元素以有机态存在,不易发生氧化作用,动物吸收能力比无机矿物质好得多。所以海带粉作饲料添加剂可有效地改进饲料的营养结构。     

海带在家禽生产中的妙用

正海带含有丰富的氨基酸、碘化物、维生素、矿物质及刺激动物生长的活性成分。而且在海带中所含的物质和绝大多数微量元素均以有机态存在,它比无机矿物质容易吸收。所以利用海带粉做饲料添加剂可     

海带作饲料添加剂好处多

海带中含有丰富的碘化物、矿物质、维生素以及刺激动物生长的活性成分，其所含的矿物质和绝大多数微量元素均以有机态形成式存在，不易发生氧化，吸收利用率高。用海带粉作饲料添加剂，可以有效地改善饲料的营养结构，好处很多。……     

海带

海带是一种常见的海产品,自然生长和人工养殖均可。海带中含有丰富的碘化物、矿物质、维生素以及能刺激动物生长的活性物质。另外,海带所含的矿物质和绝大多数微量元素,都以有机态存在,不易发生氧化作用。因此．海带不仅是人类的营养保健食品．而且是优良的饲料添加剂。     

饲料添海带畜鱼生长快

海带中含有丰富的碘化物和矿物质、维生素,以及可刺激动物生长的活性物质,而且所含的矿物质和绝大多数微量元素,均以有机态存在,不易发生氧化作用。因此,海带不仅是营养丰富的保健食品,还是优良的饲料添加剂。 将海带加工成海带粉,可添加到饲料中喂畜禽、鱼虾,效果相当显著。 在奶牛的饲料中,添加2％的海带粉饲喂,可使奶牛产奶量提高1％左右,还可提高母牛的受胎率。     

海藻用作动物饲料的研究

海藻是一种新的饲料资源,含有丰富的动物必需营养素:粗蛋白4.1～16.4%,粗纤维1.6～9.6%,矿物质20～35%,无氮浸出物35—70%,且含碘量高。海藻的主要饲用价值在于其中含有丰富的动物必需微量元素和维生素,另外,还可能含有一些促进动物生长的其他活性成分。海藻的主要碳水化合物可以被动物消化。研究表明,合理饲用海藻可促进动物生长,提高牛奶和羊毛产量,并对维持动物健康有利。     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.     

不同样本商品蜂蜜中硒含量的测定

用硝酸和高氯酸消化蜂蜜,使硒游离出来,在微酸性环境下,硒和2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)生成有较强荧光的物质,用环己烷萃取,在激发波长378nm,荧光波长518nm处测定其荧光强度。蜂蜜中硒含量范围:0.10～0.82μg/g。表明:蜂蜜应视为天然富硒营养品。     

乳酸杆菌益生作用机制的研究进展

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物。本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制。乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道。文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分（表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖）与肠道受体（Ｃ型凝集素受体、Ｔｏｌｌ样受体和 Ｎｏｄ样受体）,阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制。     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.     

Mechanism of Action of Probiotic Function of Lactobacilli

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物.本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制.乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道.文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分(表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖)与肠道受体(C型凝集素受体、Toll样受体和Nod样受体),阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制.     

中华人民共和国农业部公告 第267号

为贯彻落实《兽药生产质量管理规范》(简称《兽药GMP》),进一步推动兽药GMP实施进程,我部制定了《兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法》,现予公告。本公告自2003年6月1日起施行。附件:兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法二○○三年四月十日第一章 总则 第一条 为推动《兽药生产质量管理规范》(以下简称兽药GMP)的实施,规范兽药GMP检查验收工作,制定本办法。 第二条 农业部负责全国兽药GMP管理和检查验收工作;负责制修订兽药GMP检查验收管理规定;负责兽药GMP检查员队伍建设和监督管理工作,负责国际兽药贸易中GMP互认工作。 …