柚木苗木分级标准的探讨

对贵州省册亨县阳光公司培育的1年生柚木播种苗进行随机抽样调查,在调查苗木生长及根系性状基础上,采用x±S方法对各样方苗木性状进行苗木等级检验,结果表明I级苗的苗高大于38.21 cm,地径大于0.72 cm;Ⅱ级苗的苗高范围在27.59 cm~38.21 cm,地径的范围在0.63 cm~0.72 cm;Ⅲ级苗的苗高小于27.59 cm,地径小于0.63 cm。     

聚类分析法在苗木质量分级中的应用

聚类分析法在苗木质量分级中的应用徐金光，解孝满，刘和风（山东省林木种苗站）聚类分析法在林业资源调查中应用较多，但用于种苗方面的报道还比较少。以往苗木质量一般按照“概率的正态分布”进行分级。由于苗木地径和苗高的实际分布频率与正态分布有偏差，所以，依此制...     

西南桦容器苗苗木分级研究

采用逐步聚类分析方法，对西南桦容器苗的苗木分级标准进行了初步探讨。提出以苗高和地径作为该树种容器苗分级的质量指标，得出了以下分级标准：I级苗：苗高≥25．2cm，地径≥0．26cm；Ⅱ级苗：25．2cm＞苗高≥19．9cm，0．26cm＞地径≥0．21cm；Ⅲ级苗：苗高＜19．9cm，地径＜0．21cm。     

两面针苗木分级标准的研究

运用随机抽样、主成分分析和逐步聚类分析等方法,对两面针当年生苗和1年生苗的分级标准进行调查研究。结果表明,地径和苗高对两面针苗木质量有很好的表达,可以作为苗木分级的质量指标;按照3个等级,提出了两面针当年生苗和1年生苗相应的分级标准;经实测该分级标准与苗木实际情况相符,可为生产提供参考。     

赣南火力楠苗木质量分级指标研究

采用逐步聚类分析方法,对火力楠1年生实生苗的分级标准进行探讨.提出以苗高和地径作为该树种苗木分级的质量指标,并得出火力楠苗木的3级分级标准,即:Ⅰ级苗:苗高≥64 cm,地径≥0.90 cm、Ⅱ级苗:63 cm≥苗高≥61 cm,0.89 cm≥地径≥0.72 cm、Ⅲ级苗:苗高<61 cm,地径<0.72 cm.     

米槁实生苗苗木分级研究

对苗圃内生长1年的米槁实生苗进行出圃前的质量调查,在调查精度为95%的基础上,分析了影响米槁苗木质量的相关因子。以苗高、地径为分级指标,运用SPSS17.0软件进行聚类分析得出米槁实生苗苗木分级标准,Ⅰ级苗为D≥0.83cm、H≥87.6cm,Ⅱ级苗为0.83cm≥D≥0.57cm、87.6cm≥H≥76.4cm,Ⅲ级苗为D0.57cm、H76.4cm。为米槁苗木生产中的质量判别和分级拣选提供了科学的依据。     

贵州省南酸枣1年生实生苗的苗木质量指标分析与苗木分级

采用SPSS13.0统计分析软件,在对贵州省3个产地的南酸枣1年生实生样苗苗高、地径、主根长和≥5cm长的侧根数4项苗木质量指标数据进行统计分析的基础上,运用K-均值聚类法对其苗木进行初步分级,结合贵州省苗木生产的自然生态条件、经营管理条件和南酸枣栽培要求对其初步分级结果进行了调整,进而提出了贵州省南酸枣1年生实生苗的苗木质量分级标准。     

黔产毛叶木姜子苗木质量评价与分级

为探究毛叶木姜子（Litsea mollis）苗木质量分级标准,为毛叶木姜子产业发展提供参考,对黔产1年生毛叶木姜子裸根苗进行生长调查,通过主成分分析筛选苗木质量评价指标,采用快速聚类方法对苗木进行分级。结果表明,通过主成分分析,毛叶木姜子苗木质量评价与分级以地径和苗高为量化指标、冠幅为直观判断指标。建立的苗木质量分级标准为Ⅰ级苗：地径≥1.18 cm,苗高≥77.60 cm,冠幅完整、均匀;Ⅱ级苗：地径≥0.89 cm,苗高≥60.30 cm,冠幅完整;Ⅲ级苗：地径<0.89 cm,苗高<60.30 cm,冠幅损伤。Ⅰ、Ⅱ级苗为合格苗,Ⅲ级苗为不合格苗。以该分级标准进行苗木分级,紫云A、西秀和紫云B育苗点的合格苗占比分别为80.61%、67.96%和65.19%,西秀育苗点的Ⅰ级苗占比最高,与生长指标分析结果基本一致。     

南方红豆杉容器苗苗木分级研究

采用逐步聚类分析方法,对苗龄为180d的南方红豆杉容器苗苗木分级标准进行初步探讨,提出以苗高和地径作为苗木分级的质量指标,以欧氏距离法对初始分级结果进行修改,经临界值的确定,得出以下分级标准：Ⅰ级苗：树高≥16．5cm,地径≥0．18cm;Ⅱ级苗：16．5cm〉树高≥9．8cm,0．18cm〉地径≥0．14cm;Ⅱ级苗：树高〈9．8cm．地径〈0．14cm．     

针叶树苗木截根作业与苗木分级

当前,影响造林成效的因素很多,其中苗木质量是否合格,是很关键的问题。多年的育苗造林实践证明,为了提高造林成活率,必须选用合格的健壮苗木造林。对于针叶树来说,这一点尤其重要。而对针叶树苗木施行截根作业,     

柚木截杆苗培育技术研究

通过持续15年对柚木进行试验育苗及大量生产性育苗,结果表明:种子催芽处理是柚木育苗成败的关键,催芽效果:综合处理法日晒夜浸法石灰浆浸沤法对照;苗木速生期在5~10月,苗木生长量占全年总生长量的73.3%;育苗节令选择4月最佳;幼苗分床以1~2对真叶移植为宜;全苗鲜重最能代表苗木的质量,现场操作的量化指标以苗木平均地径为主;D2.5 cm为Ⅰ级苗,D=1.5~2.5 cm为Ⅱ级苗,D1.5cm为Ⅲ级苗。     

珍贵树种柚木良种繁育发展概况

文章对国内外柚木良种繁育概况进行了综述,分析了柚木有性繁殖的特点、国内外柚木种子园和母树林的营建以及国内外柚木无性繁殖的发展。通过对比分析,指出了我国柚木良种繁育存在的主要问题,并提出现阶段我国柚木良种繁育的对策:以无性繁殖为主,有性繁殖为辅,应大力发展我国柚木无性系林业。     

Radial distribution of quinones in plantation teak (Tectona grandis L.f.)

? Quinones are primarily responsible for the natural durability of teak.

? The previous paper in this series reported on the natural termite resistance of teak trees of different ages (8-, 30- and 51-year-old trees). In this study, the radial distribution of quinones (tectoquinone, lapachol, desoxylapachol and its isomer) and other components in the ethanol-benzene (1:2) extract were measured by means of gas chromatography.

? Significant differences in desoxylapachol or its isomer content were found among the outer heartwood of 8-, 30- and 51-year old trees, as well as between the inner and outer parts of the heartwood.

? All toxic quinone contents were positively correlated with the total extractive content. The highest correlation degree was measured in the isodesoxylapachol content.

? Although linearly related, only modest correlations were observed between the natural termite resistance parameters and the content of tectoquinone and isodesoxylapachol.

     

欧洲榛子苗木的生长规律

以16个欧榛品种为试材,用L og istic M odel、G om pertz M odel、R ichards M odel等数学模型对欧榛不同品种嫁接苗、插条苗、实生苗的年生长规律进行了模拟,利用CurveExpert等软件进行分析。结果发现3类苗木的各个指标的生长变化均呈现“慢-快-慢”的规律,生长曲线基本呈“S”形。     

雷州半岛柚木早期生长表现

2002年、2003年在湛江市林业科学研究所开始进行柚木种植试验。至2009年,试验结果表明,柚木在雷州半岛生长表现较好,7年生最大单株胸径23.5 cm,平均15.68 cm。平均树高12.89 m,生长均优于做对照的黎蒴栲、火力楠和橄榄,生长比较排列是柚木〉黎蒴栲〉橄榄〉火力楠。但是柚木耐风害和低温能力均不如其它三种树种。试验结果表明在雷州半岛选择背风向阳的立地种植柚木是有前途的,低温和台风是限制柚木发展的主要因子。     

柚木引种栽培技术探讨

阐述了珍贵树种柚木的主要引种栽培技术。为我省生产上大面积推广柚木栽培提供了理论依据和技术指导。     

Influence of Microbial Inoculants on Seedling Production in Teak (Tectona grandis L.f.)

Abstract

An experiment was conducted in forest college campus, Mettupalayam, India with an objective of studying the influence of microbial inoculants on seedling growth of teak. The fruits were collected from the seed production area in top slip (Tamil Nadu) from 63-year mother trees. The microbial inoculants viz., Azospirillum, Azotobacter, phosphobacteria, AMF, Azospirillum + AMF, Azotobacter+ AMF, phosphobacteria + AMF and an uninoculated control formed the treatments. The inoculants were mixed sand and red soil at 1:1:3 ratio, respectively, for preparing nursery mixture for filling the poly pots. The seeds were sown into the poly pots @ two seeds per pot. The experiment was set up in a randomized Block Design with three replications. Biometric observations on various growth attributes were recorded six months after treatment and also their survival in the main field-tested for one year. Azotobacter gave best performance with respect to shoot length, shoot weight and leaf area and combined inoculation of phosphobacteria and AMF gave higher root length and biomass, dry matter production and fine root weight. The survival was better in seedlings that were inoculated with phosphobacteria and AMF. However, below ground biomass and out planting survival during early phase are critical in any tree species. Hence it is concluded that inoculation of phosphobacteria and AMF conjointly be done for better survival and growth of teak seedlings.     

柚木嫩枝扦插

对柚木组培苗田间扦插扩繁的主要技术开展了研究.结果表明:不同无性系的萌条数量有显著差异,高的达14.8 条/月,低的5.5 条/月,平均9.1 条/月;从0.05～2.00 mg/L,随着IBA浓度的提高,生根率、根条数、总根长等生根指标均呈现有规律的变化;综合考虑各种生根指标,以IBA0.05 mg/L为最佳生根激素处理;扦插介质对柚木插穗生根有显著的影响,以泥炭土 黄心土按1∶1混合为最佳扦插介质;不同无性系的扦插成活率不同,从56.7%至90.0%,变动幅度大;随扦插季节变化,生根率和成活率均呈现有规律的变化,5～6月份的生根率中等,7～8月最高,9～10月份迅速下降,成活率随季节的变化也是两头低、中间高,6～8月的成活率最高,大于93%;综合考虑生根率、成活率和苗木生长期,5～8月份为柚木适宜的嫩枝扦插季节.     

False ring formation in teak (Tectona grandis L.f.) and the influence of environmental factors

Seedling anatomy and cross sectional discs of 8- and 12-year-old (juvenile) teak trees were examined for tree ring analysis and determination of environmental factors responsible for false ring formation in teak. Based on the anatomy and location within the true annual rings, four types of false rings were identified. The results from both cross-dating of plantation grown trees and controlled experiments, including induced drought, showed that rainfall during dry period, drought during active growing season, (container) polybag/field transplantation of seedlings and juvenility are the important causative factors of frequent false rings in teak. No definite relationship could be established between insect defoliation and the incidence of false rings. False ring formation in teak appears to be mainly a resultant feature of tree ring responses to different environmental and physical factors.     

柚木寒害调查及抗寒无性系选择

抗寒育种是柚木研究的重点方向,本文是在大田测定的基础上,调查分析了两个柚木无性系试验林的寒害结果,结果表明,两个试验点不同柚木无性系间的保存株数都达到极显著差异,广西博白试验点保存率为0～91.67%,贵州罗甸试验点保存率为8.33～86.17%。初步筛选出了抗寒性强的柚木无性系有7514、7509、7531、Z408、7559、8301和7029,两个试验点的保存率都在80％以上。参试柚木缅甸种源抗寒性优于印度种源。