腹腔镜技术在小动物中的应用

腹腔镜手术具有术中腹腔脏器显露充分、对施术动物损伤小、手术切口小、出血量少、术后痛苦轻、恢复快和组织粘连少等优点。腹腔镜技术从20世纪80年代就普遍应用于人医临床,在兽医领域国外早就有腹腔镜技术在动物中应用的报道,而国内腹腔镜技术在动物上的应用则相对较少。腹腔镜技术在小动物中的应用主要包括在活组织检查中的应用、在消化系统中的应用,在泌尿系统中的应用及在生殖系统中的应用。     

Prolapse of the uterus and cataract: a comparison of veterinary and human medicine in Greco-Roman antiquity

A number of surgical interventions in ancient veterinary medicine were modelled on the same procedures in human medicine. This is discussed in some detail for the prolapse of the uterus and the couching of the cataract in horses. In the introductory section, the importance of Switzerland and neighbouring areas for the transmission of ancient veterinary medicine is highlighted.     

Using Artificial Intelligence to Predict Survivability Likelihood and Need for Surgery in Horses Presented With Acute Abdomen (Colic)

Artificial intelligence and machine learning have promising applications in several medical fields of diagnosis, imaging, and laboratory testing procedures. However, the use of this technology in the veterinary medicine field is lagging behind, and there are many areas where it could be used with potentially successful outcomes and results. In this study, two critical predictions were explored in horses presented with acute abdomen (colic) using this technology. Those were the need for surgical intervention and survivability likelihood of affected horses based on clinical data (history, clinical examination findings, and diagnostic procedures). The two prediction parameters were explored using the application of Decision Trees, Multilayer Perceptron, Bayes Network, and Naïve Bayes. The machine learning algorithms were able to predict the need for surgery and survivability likelihood of horses presented with acute abdomen (colic) with 76% and 85% accuracy, respectively. The application of this technology in the different clinical fields of veterinary medicine appears to be of a value and warrants further investigation and testing.     

The accreditation system for colleges of veterinary medicine in Mexico and a comparison with the AVMA system

This article reviews the evolution of veterinary medicine in Mexico in order to explain the foundation of the National Council for Veterinary Medicine Education (CONEVET). This institution performs college accreditation and professional certification procedures in the country. The accreditation process for colleges of veterinary medicine in Mexico is described, and the results obtained to this point are presented. A comparative analysis of veterinary education in Mexico and the United States is also presented. The veterinary college accreditation processes of the two countries are compared and their differences analyzed.     

兽用疫苗中药佐剂发展与管理研究

本文聚焦兽用疫苗中药佐剂的研究与产业化发展，总结兽医领域在单味药与中药组份佐剂，以及配合疫苗使用的“免疫增强剂”效用，从现代免疫与中兽医理论两个角度分析作用机理，推动兽用疫苗中药佐剂在提高免疫效果、提高疫苗免疫应答方面的应用，提出产业发展对策与管理建议。     

Laboratory assessment of gastrointestinal function

Over the past decade, several laboratory tests have been introduced to veterinary medicine that allow the minimally invasive assessment of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, liver, and pancreas. Although some of those tests have limited clinical use in a practice setting and have more use as research tools, other tests, such as serum cobalamin and folate concentrations, find wide application in everyday veterinary practice. In some cases, definitive diagnosis requires invasive or expensive procedures, but these new laboratory tests have greatly aided veterinarians in diagnosing gastrointestinal diseases. This discussion provides an overview of new diagnostic tests that will allow the minimally invasive assessment of gastrointestinal function.     

基层中西兽医结合治疗动物疾病及中兽医发展探析

中兽医起源于中国古代,是具有独特理论体系和丰富诊疗手段的传统兽医学,历史悠久。西方兽医传入我国后,因诊疗便捷且收益较高,基层兽医从业者大多采用西兽医技术防治动物疾病,严重冲击中兽医的在基层的应用。本文通过分析中兽医现状与调查基层中兽医从业及发展情况,剖析其存在的问题和发展机遇,初步探讨提出解决思路,使中兽医得以更好的传承与发展。     

Laparoscopic ovariohysterectomy in nine dogs

Minimally invasive surgery has been found in humans to reduce pain, incidence of infections, and duration of hospitalization. Minimally invasive procedures are also being described in veterinary medicine. Laparoscopic ovariohysterectomy (OHE) was performed on nine, healthy, intact female dogs using a Harmonic scalpel. Creatine kinase values were determined both before and 12 hours following the laparoscopic OHE; the magnitude of the difference between preoperative and postoperative creatine kinase values did not correlate with length of operative time, length of incisions, or amount of hemorrhage. Complications included one dog that had an omental herniation that was primarily repaired and one dog with seroma formation. Median surgical time for all dogs was 60 minutes (range, 35 to 100 minutes).     

兽用中药生物学检测方法与评价技术

兽用中药化学成分复杂、药效物质基础研究薄弱,质量控制与评价一直是其研究的难点。现行的以理化检测方法为主的质量控制手段难以满足现代中兽医药发展的需要,难以很好地反映中药的有效性、安全性。本文阐述了显微、DNA条形码分子鉴定、基因芯片等生物学检测方法与评价技术在兽用中药质量控制中的应用价值,建议加强生物学相关检测及评价技术的研究和应用,弥补传统质控方法的不足,促进兽用中药质量控制水平的全面提升。     

西南部分地区中兽医验方收集分析与典型案例

中兽医是我国优秀的传统文化遗产,但随着近几年畜牧行业的发展和壮大,中兽医传统经方验方传承面临困境.为了改善这种困境,使中兽医更好应用于临床,服务于社会,传承并发扬中兽医学.研究选用问卷调查法,交流访谈法及文献资料法对西南片区中兽医验方进行收集,并对其进行归纳整理、分析,分析了验方来源地分布情况、验方使用时间情况、验方治...     

中兽药在畜牧业生产中的应用概况

中兽药以其绿色天然、安全无污染、且兼有营养和药用双重作用而深受人们青睐。为在畜牧业中安全有效地使用中兽药,以达到既能降低畜禽饲养成本、提高畜禽养殖的经济效益和畜禽产品安全性又能降低养殖业对环境的污染以维持畜牧业可持续发展的目的。论文在论述中兽药具有毒性低、无残留、无毒副作用和不产生抗药性等作用特点的基础上,着重就中兽药在畜牧生产中,包括在预防和治疗畜禽疾病方面、在畜禽免疫调节和抗应激方面、在提高畜禽的生产性能方面、在改善畜产品品质等方面的应用及中兽药制剂的开发前景等进行了较为详尽地综述。     

从双黄连口服液分析中兽药提取制剂的应用前景

和中兽药非提取制剂（主要是散剂）相比,虽然中兽药提取制剂具有明显优点,但片面于讲究现代化制剂工艺和指标性质量标准,导致生产成本增高,失去了经济动物应用价值。针对经济动物临床应用特点,中兽药提取制剂应遵循中兽医药客观特点及发展规律,既要满足药剂学要求,又要保持中兽医药特色,即要充分利用现代先进制剂技术,还有保持制剂成本符合经济规律。     

Laparoscopic removal of gastric foreign bodies in dogs--comparison of manual suturing and stapling viscerosynthesis

This study was an attempt to evaluate the application of various laparoscopic techniques of removing foreign bodies from the stomach in dogs in comparison to conventional laparotomy. The research was conducted on two groups of 10 dogs each with clinically confirmed foreign bodies in the stomach. In case of all patients, a laparoscopic instrument, EndoBag, was used for the removal of the foreign body from the stomach and the abdominal cavity. Manual suturing with the use of Szabo-Berci suturing kit was used for the gastrotomy wound closure in group I. In group II, linear staplers were used for viscerosynthesis. All patients were subjected to radiological assessment of tightness of anastomosis. No significant differences between the quality of the performed stomach anastomosis were shown. Therefore, the competitiveness of an economical manual suturing in comparison with the very expensive mechanical suturing preferred in human surgery was confirmed. The described procedures of laparoscopic gastrotomy seem to be applicable for removing foreign bodies from the stomach in a clinical veterinary practice.     

畜牧兽医专业高职高专蒙古文教材开发研究

畜牧兽医专业高职高专蒙古文教材的开发研究,填补了内蒙古自治区乃至全国高校层次畜牧兽医专业没有成套蒙古文教材的空白,对民族畜牧业职业教育的发展具有重大的应用价值和深远的学术意义。阐述了畜牧兽医专业高职高专蒙古文教材开发研究的必要性,并介绍了畜牧兽医专业高职高专成套蒙古文教材的种类及教材开发的方法及步骤。     

《兽医药理学》教学改革的探索与实践

《兽医药理学》是动物医学专业的一门重要的专业基础课,是联系基础医学和临床兽医学的桥梁学科。针对学生普遍反映的兽医药理学难学、难记、难应用,以及如何在教学中培养学生的创新思维能力、专业英语能力及科研意识和思路等问题,从教师自身素质和教学方法等环节入手,激发学生学习兽医药理学的兴趣和热情,并培养学生的科研意识和能力,以适应动物医学人才培养的要求。     

A model for teaching raptor medicine in the veterinary curriculum

Injured or sick wild avian species, especially raptors (birds of prey, including hawks, owls, falcons, and eagles), can present different challenges to veterinary students and veterinarians who are trained in companion avian medicine (e.g., parrot medicine). Proper capture and restraint, feeding, housing, and certain diagnostic and treatment techniques involving raptors require different skills, knowledge, and resources than working with parrots. We developed an innovative raptor medicine program that enables students to acquire proficiency in safe capture, restraint, and examination techniques and in common diagnostic and treatment procedures. A self-assessment survey was developed to determine students' confidence and proficiency in 10 procedures taught in the lab. Groups were compared by class status (Year 1 vs. Year 2 and 3) and level of prior raptor experience (non-experienced or experienced). In surveys conducted before and after teaching two sets of raptor training labs, students rated themselves significantly more proficient in all 10 diagnostic and treatment procedures after completing the two raptor laboratories. The greatest improvements were observed in technical skill procedures such as fluid administration, intramuscular injections, cloacal swabs, venipuncture, and bandaging. Our approach to incorporating elective wildlife learning experiences into the veterinary curriculum may be replicable in other veterinary schools, with or without a wildlife rehabilitation program.     

Research Process on Design of Liposomes as Drug Delivery System and Its Application in the Field of Veterinary Medicine

As an excellent pharmaceutical carrier,liposomes exhibit characteristics of wide drug loading range,high efficiency and low toxicity.Besides increasing stability and solubility of loading drugs,liposomes can ascribe targeting and sustained release features to loading drugs.Meanwhile,it can improve bioavailability of loading drugs.Based on the above characteristics,liposomes is becoming hot spot of research and application.This article reviewed construction methods of liposomes based on structure,particle design and chosen of preparation method.Combined with application and demands of veterinary medicine,research progress on application of liposome in the field of veterinary medicine was submitted.It is expected that this article will provide reference for the development of new drug delivery systems used in the field of veterinary medicine.     

脂质体递药系统设计思路及其兽药应用研究进展

脂质体作为一种优良的药物载体,具有载药范围广、高效、低毒等特点,能增加包载药物的稳定性和溶解度,赋予药物靶向和缓释的递药特性,并能有效提高药物的生物利用度,是近年来多领域研究和应用的热点。作者从脂质体的结构、粒径设计及制备方法筛选层面总结脂质体的构建思路,结合兽药应用特点和用药需求归纳脂质体递药系统在兽药领域的研究进展,以期为新型递药系统在兽药领域的研发应用提供参考。     

超微粉碎技术在中兽药方面的应用及展望

介绍了超微粉碎技术和中兽药超微粉碎技术,阐述了中兽药超微粉碎技术的应用特点,并对中兽药超微粉碎技术的发展前景做了概述。