尿素增强烯草酮胁迫下紫苏幼苗耐性的研究

为探讨烯草酮与尿素处理对紫苏生长的影响,阐明尿素对紫苏在烯草酮胁迫下耐性的调节效应。采用随机区组试验设计,在紫苏六叶期喷施不同浓度的尿素（0、1、2、4和 8 g/L）和24%烯草酮乳油（0、0.67、1.33、2.66和 3.99 mL/L）,分析其对紫苏生长、光合特性、抗逆性指标、杂草防效和产量的影响。结果表明,烯草酮抑制紫苏幼苗生长,降低光合特性,使丙二醛积累增加,超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化物酶活性随其浓度的增加呈先上升后下降趋势;而1～4 g/L浓度的尿素处理则促进生长,并提高了光合特性;8 g/L的尿素处理效果相反。1～4 g/L的尿素和不同浓度的烯草酮先后处理,比单施烯草酮处理的效果好,A组（先喷施尿素后喷施烯草酮）的C1N3（4 g/L尿素,0.67 ml/L烯草酮）处理可使现蕾期产量和子粒产量比单独施用烯草酮增产13.94 %和10.54 %,株防效提高11%。表明在紫苏六叶期先喷施4 g/L的尿素再喷施0.67 mL/L 的烯草酮,能显著提高紫苏幼苗在烯草酮胁迫下的耐性,提高幼苗净光合速率,促进植株生长,这些效应与其提高抗氧化酶活性有关;该施药模式具有提高防效,安全高产等特点,有较高的推广价值。     

Black tea polyphenols, theaflavins, prevent cellular DNA damage by inhibiting oxidative stress and suppressing cytochrome P450 1A1 in cell cultures.

Tea polyphenols have been demonstrated as chemopreventive agents in a number of experimental models. However, less is known about the mechanism of chemoprevention by black tea compared with that of green tea. Some beneficial properties of theaflavins, the black tea polyphenols, were investigated in the present study. Theaflavins showed inhibitory effects on H(2)O(2)- and tert-butyl hydroperoxide (tBuOOH)-induced cytotoxicity (evaluated by tetrazolium bromide reduction), cellular oxidative stress (detected by oxidation of 2', 7'-dichlorofluorescin), and DNA damage (measured by amount of 8-OHdG and comet assay) in rat normal liver epithelium cell RL-34 cell lines. In addition, theaflavins also exhibited suppression of cytochrome P450 1A1 induced by omeprazole in the human hepatoma HepG2 cell line. Furthermore, when HepG2 cells were pretreated with omeprazole to induce CYP1A1, then exposed to benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P), DNA damage was observed using the comet assay. However, theaflavins could inhibit this DNA damage. These results indicated that theaflavins could prevent cellular DNA damage by inhibiting oxidative stress and suppressing cytochrome P450 1A1 in cell cultures.