感染高原鼠兔的皮蝇蛆16SrRNA基因序列研究

利用分子生物学技术对高原鼠兔感染皮蝇蛆16SrRNA基因进行了研究,扩增出长度为551 bp的序列,克隆测序,将其序列与GenBank中的皮蝇科、胃蝇科的序列进行了聚类分析,并构建分子进化树.结果显示,感染高原鼠兔的皮蝇蛆与皮蝇科的皮蝇蛆遗传距离更近,在一个大的进化树分支上,基因片段同源性84.6％～88.4％之间,与胃蝇科的红尾胃蝇基因片段同源性60.1％ ～64.4％之间.几株感染高原鼠兔的皮蝇蛆之间的基因片段同源性94.4％～99.6％之间.     

驯鹿的皮蝇蛆线粒体CO1基因序列分析

利用分子生物学技术对内蒙古驯鹿未定种皮蝇蛆线粒体CO1基因种属特异性序列进行了研究.DNA核苷酸测序结果证实:该种皮蝇线粒体CO1种属特异性基因UEA7到UEA10特殊目标编码区域片段长度约为689 bp;种系发生进化树和同源性分析显示其与鹿皮蝇法国株同源性非常接近,因此确定内蒙古地区感染驯鹿的皮蝇蛆为鹿皮蝇(Hypo...     

藏羚羊中华皮蝇蛆的分子生物学鉴定

利用分子生物学技术对藏羚羊感染的中华皮蝇的线粒体COI基因种属特异性序列进行了研究.利用PCR方法扩增出长度为688 bp的序列,经TA克隆后测序,测序结果表明与中华皮蝇、牛皮蝇和纹皮蝇的相似性分别为99.1%、91.4%、93.6%,确定为中华皮蝇,证实藏羚羊中存在中华皮蝇的侵染,从而扩大了中华皮蝇的宿主范围.     

高原牦牛牛皮蝇蛆病感染情况的调查及防制

牛皮蝇蛆病是由牛皮蝇科(hypodermatidae)的牛皮蝇和纹皮蝇的幼虫寄生于皮下组织引起的一种慢性寄生虫病,而青海高原牦牛体上寄生的皮蝇为中华皮蝇(H sinense)、牛皮蝇(H bovis)和纹皮蝇(H lineatum)的混合感染,其中以中华皮蝇为优势虫种(Li等,2004)。班玛地区纹皮蝇和牛皮蝇的     

青海省部分地区牦牛皮蝇感染状况调查

青海省位于中国西部腹地,青藏高原东北部,全省平均海拔在3 000 m以上.属大陆性干旱、半干旱高原气候.东南部地区雨水较多,西部地区干燥多风.全省经济以畜牧业生产为主,全省有400多万头牦牛.牛皮蝇病是由狂蝇科皮蝇属的牛皮蝇(H.bovis)和纹皮蝇(H.lineatum)的幼虫所引起的一种慢性寄生虫病.据文献报道[1],青海地区牦牛体上寄生的皮蝇虫种以中华皮蝇(H.sinense)、牛皮蝇(H.bovis)和纹皮蝇(H.lineatum)混合感染,其中中华皮蝇是牦牛体上寄生的优势虫种[2].     

青海省大通种牛场牦牛皮蝇蛆感染情况调查

采用解剖法检查体内寄生的皮蝇1期幼虫和触摸法检查牦牛背部皮蝇幼虫寄生形成的皮下瘤疱及成熟3期幼虫脱落形成的皮肤虫孔的方法,进行牦牛皮蝇幼虫感染情况调查,对成熟3期幼虫进行形态学鉴定。结果显示:在当年未用药的牦牛群中,剖杀检查牦牛皮蝇幼虫感染率在24.62%～74.63%,平均感染率为40.40%,平均感染强度30.07条,感染范围7～63条。临床摸背检查皮蝇期幼虫感染率在26.54%～75.22%,平均感染率为44.07%,平均感染强度6.11个,感染范围1～17个。1～3岁的幼年牦牛感染严重。调查地区牦牛皮蝇蛆病的病原虫种有中华皮蝇蛆、纹皮蝇蛆和牛皮蝇蛆,其比例分别为82.35%、11.77%和5.88%。     

牦牛中华皮蝇蛆和藏羊的皮蝇蛆扫描电镜形态学比较观察

应用电子显微镜对寄生于牦牛体的中华皮蝇蛆和藏羊皮蝇蛆进行了形态学扫描观察,结果：感染藏羊皮蝇幼虫气门板稍平,呈平面方形,气门钮稍突出,气门孔周围有少量小的突棘,第10节腹面前后缘均未发现棘。感染牦牛的中华皮蝇幼虫,气门板稍有凹陷,气门钮突出。第10节腹面前后缘均有棘,气门孔周围有少量小的突棘。     

驯鹿狂蝇(Cephenemyia trompe)线粒体COI基因序列研究

利用分子生物学技术对驯鹿狂蝇蛆及其成蝇（Ccphenemyia trompe）的线粒体COI基因种属特异性序列进行了研究。DNA核苷酸测序结果证实：中国内蒙古株驯鹿狂蝇蛆（C.trompe CIML）及其成蝇（C．trompe CIMA）线粒体COI种属特异性基因片段长度约为672bp～676bp。种系发生进化树分析显示：第三期幼虫与成蝇两者在核苷酸碱基序列上存在一定差异；它们与同种不同挪威株（C．trompel同源性较为接近：与同属不同种（C．stimulator和C．ulrichii）同源性稍差；与不同属种的羊狂蝇（Oestrusovis）同源性较远，狂蝇科不同属间序列差异明显，差异性在18．6％～23％之间；鹿蝇属不同种间差异性在1．9％～9．9％之间：驯鹿狂蝇不同株间差异性为0．9％。说明生物线粒体COI基因核苷酸序列在一定程度上．可反映出种属及株间在进化上的差异性。     

化隆地区牦牛牛皮蝇感染情况调查

牛皮蝇是双翅目,皮蝇科,皮蝇属的昆虫,牛皮蝇病是牛皮蝇幼虫寄生于牦牛的背部皮下组织内引起的一种慢性人畜共患寄生虫病,感染后就会不同程度的影响牦牛生产性能。为了及时掌握本地区牛皮蝇感染情况以及防治效果,为今后防治工作提供数据资料和科学依据,笔者从2004—2006年3~4月     

共和县牦牛牛皮蝇病防治效果调查

<正>2014年3~5月份采用触摸牦牛背部皮蝇瘤疱的方法调查牦牛400头,其中防治牛288头,感染28头,感染率9.72%,平均感染强度2.55;未防治牛112头,感染32头,感染率28.57%,平均感染强度4.25。牛皮蝇病是牛皮蝇幼虫寄生于牛的背部皮下组织内引起的一种慢性人畜共患寄生虫病,感染后就会不同程度的影响牦牛生产性能。为及时掌握本地区牛皮蝇病的感染情况,进一步巩固共和县牛皮蝇病防治效果,加大     

Molecular differentiation of Hypoderma bovis and Hypoderma lineatum (Diptera,Oestridae) by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP)

The most variable region of the cytochrome oxidase I (COI) gene of Hypoderma bovis(1) and Hypoderma lineatum(2) (Diptera, Oestridae) was amplified by PCR and the amplicons were sequenced and analysed. PCR products were digested with three restriction enzymes, namely BfaI, HinfI and TaqI, providing informative profiles. H. bovis and H. lineatum sequences revealed an inter-specific variation rate of 8.5%, and an intra-specific variation rate of 0.87 and 0.29%, respectively. The results showed that the COI gene region examined was useful for the differentiation of H. bovis and H. lineatum and that a PCR-RFLP assay is a practical tool for their identification, offering additional diagnostic and epidemiological instruments for the study of cattle grub infestation.     

Cytochrome oxidase I gene sequence of Hypoderma sinense infecting yaks in the Qinghai-Tibet high plateau of China

The previous scanning electron microscopy study of the Hypoderma species suggested that Hypoderma sinense Pleske (H. sinense) was different from Hypoderma bovis (H. bovis) and Hypoderma lineatum (H. lineatum). In this study, the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (COI) gene sequence of H. sinense was compared with those of the other two species. The H. sinense sequence showed only 88.3% homology to H. bovis and 88.5% to H. lineatum. The results of the sequencing analysis confirm that H. sinense is a different species from H. bovis and H. lineatum.     

Hypodermosis in cattle slaughtered in Nigde province,Turkey<Superscript>*</Superscript>

This study was carried out to investigate the prevalence of hypodermosis in cattle between January and June 2005 in Nigde province, which is located in the middle of Turkey. A total of 1336 cattle, which were slaughtered in Nigde, were investigated for Hypoderma larvae. The 68 out of 1336 cattle (%5.08) were found positive for Hypoderma larvae. A total of 536 Hypoderma larvae were found in the skin and subcutaneous tissue of the back of infested cattle. The 489 out of 536 larvae (%91.23) were identified as Hypoderma bovis and 47 out of 536 (%8.77) as H. lineatum. Number of Hypoderma larvae counted on single infested cattle varied between 1–45 and the mean number of Hypoderma larvae per cattle was 7.88 (536/68). Hypodermosis was recorded for the first time in cattle from Nigde. ^*This study was supported by the Scientific Research Projects Unit of Nigde University (FEB 2004/07).     

Efficacy of a pour-on formulation of doramectin against lice, mites, and grubs of cattle

OBJECTIVE: To determine effectiveness of a pour-on formulation of doramectin against Damalinia bovis, Haematopinus eurysternus, Linognathus vituli, Solenopotes capillatus, Chorioptes bovis, Sarcoptes scabiei, Hypoderma bovis, and Hypoderma lineatum. ANIMALS: Cattle of various ages with naturally acquired or artificial infestations with 1 or more species of lice, mites, or grubs. PROCEDURE: In 10 louse and 6 mite studies, cattle were treated with doramectin (500 microg/kg, topically) on day 0, and parasite counts were performed approximately weekly from days 0 to 35. In 6 grub studies, cattle expected to harbor Hypoderma spp were treated before emergence of warbles. After warbles began to emerge, they were counted every 2 weeks, and grubs were collected and identified by species. RESULTS: Burdens of D bovis, H eurystemus, L vituli, and S capillatus on doramectin-treated cattle were 0 by 28 days after treatment. Burdens of C bovis and S scabiei decreased to 0 in naturally infested cattle and approximately 0 in artificially infested cattle by day 14 to 15. In grub studies, 107 of 136 control cattle had warbles, whereas 2 of 136 doramectin-treated cattle had 1 warble each, which represented a cure rate of 98.5%. CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: One topical application of doramectin was highly efficacious against common species of lice, mites, and grubs known to affect performance, health, and appearance of cattle.     

皮蝇素A基因的克隆与序列分析

首先提取采自甘肃玛曲的皮蝇一期幼虫的总RNA,合成cDNA,根据设计的特异引物,利用PCR技术扩增出Hypodermin A(HA)基因片段,将此片段与PGEM-T Easy载体连接,构建克隆载体PGEM-HA,转化大肠杆菌JM109,筛选阳性克隆,进行测序与分析。结果表明,扩增的HA基因长678bp,编码229氨基酸。克隆到的基因序列与NCBI GenBank上登陆的皮蝇HA基因序列核甘酸同源性为96.6%,推导氨基酸同源性达97.8%。该基因的成功克隆为其进一步表达打下了坚实的基础。     

内蒙古自治区牛皮蝇蛆病的流行与防治

内蒙古自治区牛皮蝇蛆病主要分布于中、东部的锡盟、呼盟、通辽市等地区.侵袭牛的皮蝇主要有两个种,即纹皮蝇(Hypoderma lineatum)和牛皮蝇(H.bovis),纹皮蝇较多,占70%～80%.感染率一般在50%以上,多为80%～90%,不少地区高达100%.感染强度40～70个瘤包,最高达770个.牛皮蝇蛆病给内蒙古自治区的畜牧业生产造成非常严重的损失.四十余年来,未曾间断过对该病的防治,目前其方法主要采用倍硫磷注射或浇泼,收到一定效果,但并未得到安全控制.     

青海省海北州藏羊群中牛病毒性腹泻病毒和羊边界病毒的流行病学调查

为掌握青海省海北州藏羊群中牛病毒性腹泻病毒和羊边界病毒的感染情况,本研究采用RT-PCR方法分别对青海省海北州的161份健康藏羊血清样品和34份腹泻藏羊组织样品进行了BVDV和BDV的抗原核酸检测。结果显示：195份样品中BVDV和BDV总阳性率分别为29.74 %和14.36 %;161份健康藏羊血清样品中BVDV和BDV平均阳性率分别为26.71 %和11.80 %,BVDV/BDV混合感染率为4.35 %;34份腹泻藏羊组织样品中BVDV和BDV平均阳性率分别为44.12 %和26.47 %,BVDV/BDV混合感染率为17.65 %。本研究表明青海省海北州健康藏羊群和腹泻藏羊群中均存在BVDV、BDV的单独感染以及混合感染,且感染情况在个别养殖场(户)较为严重,本研究为青海藏羊的综合防控措施提供了指导依据,丰富了我国羊群中BVDV和BDV的流行病学资料。     

埃普利诺菌素浇泼剂对牦牛皮蝇幼虫驱除效果试验

应用埃普利诺菌素浇泼剂驱除牦牛皮蝇幼虫,并设埃普利诺菌素注射剂药物对照组和阳性对照组。结果：剖检埃普利诺菌素浇泼剂300μg/kg,400μg/kg,500μg/kg剂量组牦牛与药物对照埃普利诺菌素注射剂组及伊维菌素浇泼剂组牦牛,均未检出皮蝇1期幼虫,而阳性对照组牦牛皮蝇1期幼虫感染率35.0%,平均感染强度29.4（9～53）条。翌年3、5月份两次触摸检查牛背部皮下瘤疤和皮肤虫孔,4个药物试验组牦牛均未检出,而阳性对照组牦牛两次检查平均感染率45.16%,平均感染强度6.45个。试验证明埃普利诺菌素浇泼剂低、中、高3个剂量对寄生于牦牛的皮蝇幼虫驱净率、驱虫率均达100.0%,高效安全。     

若尔盖县牦牛及藏系绵羊寄生虫病调查

本文通过剖检20头牦牛和镜检30份新鲜藏系绵羊粪便,对若尔盖县牛羊进行了寄生虫病调查。结果表明:感染牛羊的寄生虫主要为前后盘吸虫、鞭虫、仰口线虫、绦虫和牛蝇蛆,其中前后盘吸虫的危害最大。