猪萎缩性鼻炎产毒多杀性巴氏杆菌二联苗应用效果

试验应用猪萎缩性鼻炎产毒多杀性巴氏杆茵二联灭活苗对猪进行一次免疫(7日龄)与两次免疫(7日龄、28日龄)，并对两种免疫的效果进行了比较。结果表明：7日龄首免(1mL／头)，28日龄二免(2mL／头)，可产生较强的免疫保护力，萎缩性鼻炎的临床发病率由51．39％降到8．33％，猪的增重加快，料重比下降，肥育期缩短，外贸猪的比例提高。     

猪传染性萎缩性鼻炎二联灭活苗的应用

猪传染性萎缩性鼻炎(简称AR)是一种猪上呼吸道的慢性、渐进性的传染病,其病原主要有支气管败血波氏杆菌(Bb)和产毒多杀巴氏杆菌(pm),它们在鼻腔混合感染造成病患。Bb首先在鼻腔粘膜上皮感染繁殖,破坏鼻腔粘膜,然后D型产毒巴氏杆菌更容易繁殖并产生毒素,此后这两种菌持续在鼻腔内繁殖,造成严重的持续性病灶。另外,D型巴氏杆菌的毒素对肝脏造成退行性病变。AR临床症状为打喷嚏、鼻有分泌物、发鼾声等鼻     

猪传染性萎缩性鼻炎的诊断

1987年1月,我省某猪场突然暴发一种以打喷嚏、吸气困难、生长迟滞、流清鼻涕为主要临床表现的传染病。病猪大部分为奶猪,发病率为76.7%,个别猪只死亡。为此,我们进行了诊断和调查,最后确诊为猪传染性萎缩性鼻炎。报道如下。     

我国猪萎缩性鼻炎流行现状调查

为了解我国猪萎缩性鼻炎的流行现状,采用鼻甲骨病变评分方法对我国12个省市24个规模化养殖场的上市猪及死淘猪的鼻甲骨病变状况进行诊断评估。数据显示:100%的猪场感染萎缩性鼻炎,97.81%的样品出现鼻甲骨病变情况。结果表明,猪萎缩性鼻炎在我国广泛流行,且北方及东部地区感染情况更为严重,急需加强防控。     

猪传染性萎缩性鼻炎的防制

猪传染性萎缩性鼻炎的防制童光玉（湖北省黄石市挹江畜牧发展公司，４３６２０４）１背景猪传染性萎缩性鼻炎（简称ＡＲ）是普遍发生的猪慢性呼吸道传染病，不仅影响日增重，降低饲料报酬，延长饲养周期，严重影响养猪经济效益，而且还严重影响外贸猪场出口声誉。８０年代...     

猪传染性萎缩性鼻炎的防治

猪传染性萎缩性鼻炎主要是由支气管败血波氏杆菌引起的一种慢性呼吸道传染病。该病可使猪生长性能、饲料利用率和机体抵抗力下降 ,极易诱发其他疾病 ,发病严重的猪比正常猪多耗料达 2 0 %左右。笔者在湖南长沙某猪场发现猪萎缩性鼻炎感染严重、发病率高。经采取综合措施对该场进行防治 ,取得显著疗效。现就主要症状及防治措施报道如下。1　主要症状2 0 0 2年 4月我们进驻该场时 ,部分仔猪、育肥猪及少数种猪均表现喷嚏、鼻塞、异常呼吸音等鼻炎症状及颜面泪斑和变形歪斜 ,严重的有鼻甲骨萎缩、流鼻血等现象。同时整个育肥猪群呼吸道疾病严重…     

猪传染性萎缩性鼻炎的诊治

1发病情况2010年10月14日,暖泉王某个体猪场从附近一种猪场购进50-55日龄断奶仔猪58头,其中三元猪10头,大约克猪22头,隔离饲养。5d后个别仔猪出现打喷嚏和咳嗽等症状,当地兽医诊断为感     

广东地区猪传染性萎缩性鼻炎流行病学调查

为了解广东地区猪传染性萎缩性鼻炎(AR)的流行情况,本研究采用细菌分离、鼻甲骨组织形态学测定(TPR值)等方法,对广东各区14个规模在500头母猪的养猪场随机抽样进行AR的流行病学调查。试验统计数据显示,调查的14个猪场均存在AR,平均发病率为58.58%,平均支气管败血波氏杆菌(Bb)感染率为46.74%;抽样猪场中猪的萎缩指数平均数为1.286,萎缩指数标准差为1.871。结果表明,AR在广东省广泛流行,Bb感染率高。     

猪传染性萎缩性鼻炎综合防制研究报告

以生物安全体系理论为依据，对一年出栏７０００多头猪，患传染性萎缩性鼻炎的猪场进行治疗、免疫接种、加强卫生管理等综合性防制，经半年的试验，取得了十分显著的效果。使总患病率下降８６．９２％；公猪和母猪的治愈率为９０．７４％；７０日龄仔猪的平均体重提高６．２２％，料肉比下降７．１７％，成活率提高 ３．１６％；育肥猪的日增重提高 ４．３４％，料肉比下降５．６６％，成活率提高１．５６％，残次率下降７６．４８％。     

猪萎缩性鼻炎凝集反应抗原的制备及应用

为快速地诊断猪萎缩性鼻炎及监测其免疫状况,本试验在对支气管败血波氏杆菌保存菌种进行复苏和全面鉴定的基础上,制备了猪萎缩性鼻炎凝集反应抗原,经凝集反应试验表明,该抗原在PBS中不发生自凝,与猪传染性胸膜肺炎、猪喘气病和猪瘟的阳性血清均无凝集反应,而对猪萎缩性鼻炎标准阳性血清的凝集效价高达1∶10 240以上,具有较高的特异性和敏感性;对20份免疫母猪所产仔猪血清样本进行检测,检出率为95%.     

猪萎缩性鼻炎支气管败血波氏杆菌PCR检测方法的建立

对表现猪萎缩性鼻炎临床症状的猪群中分离得到的34株支气管败血波氏杆菌(Bordetella bronchiseptica,Bb),采用针对Bb flagellum gene的一对引物进行PCR扩增,结果所有分离物均能扩增出237bp特异性DNA条带,与传统生化鉴定结果相一致,且其最小检出量为0.64pg;而猪鼻腔和肺组织中常见的多杀性巴氏杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、枯草芽胞杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌、变形杆菌及大肠埃希氏菌均未能出现任何DNA条带。这表明,本试验建立的PCR方法具有特异性强、灵敏度高、可靠性好等特点,可用于猪萎缩性鼻炎的临床诊断。     

Effect of long-term feeding of graded levels of deoxynivalenol (DON) on growth performance,nutrient utilization,and organ health in finishing pigs and DON content in biological samples

The prevalence of deoxynivalenol (DON) is a concern for swine producers, and although there has been extensive research into the effects of DON in pigs, focus has been in young pigs and/or in short-term studies. The objective of the study was to determine the effect of long-term exposure to DON-contaminated diets in finisher pigs. A total of 200 pigs (76.6 ± 3.9 kg initial weight) were group housed (five pigs per pen; n = 10 pens/treatment) in a 6-wk trial. Pigs were fed a wheat-barley-soybean meal-based control (CONT) diet with no DON or the basal diet in which clean wheat was replaced by DON-contaminated wheat and wheat screenings to provide DON content of 1, 3, or 5 ppm (DON1, DON3, and DON5, respectively). Individual BW and pen feed intake were recorded weekly to calculate average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI), and gain to feed ratio (G:F). Blood was collected on days 0, 14, and 43 and analyzed for indicators of liver and kidney health. Nitrogen (N)-balance was conducted immediately following the growth performance period to determine the effect of DON on nutrient utilization. Blood and urine samples collected during N balance were analyzed for DON content. Feeding DON reduced (P < 0.05) ADFI and ADG from days 0 to 28 compared with CONT, after which there was no effect of diet on ADFI and ADG. The G:F was lower (P < 0.05) in DON5 fed pigs compared with all treatments during days 0 to 7; however, no treatment effects on G:F was observed from days 8 to 42. Nitrogen retention was lower (P < 0.05) in DON3 and DON5 compared with DON1-fed pigs. Nitrogen retention efficiency was higher (P < 0.05) in DON1 compared with DON3 and DON5 and protein deposition for DON1 pigs was higher (P < 0.05) than all treatments. There were no treatment effects on indicators of liver and kidney health. As dietary DON intake increased, concentration of DON in blood and urine increased. Overall, although there was an initial decrease in ADG and ADFI in pigs receiving diets containing >1 ppm DON, pig performance recovered after a period of time, whereas nutrient utilization continued to be affected after recovery of performance. Moreover, the lack of DON on G:F indicates that the negative effects of DON on growth performance are largely due to reduced feed intake. Overall, although pigs maybe capable of adapting to intake of DON-contaminated diets, their final body weight will be reduced when fed diets containing >1 ppm DON.     

Effect of long-term feeding of graded levels of deoxynivalenol on performance,nutrient utilization,and organ health of grower-finisher pigs (35 to 120 kg)

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of long-term feeding of graded levels of deoxynivalenol (DON) on performance, nutrient utilization, and organ health of grower-finisher pigs. A total of 240 mixed-sex grower-finisher pigs (35.9 ± 1.1 kg initial body weight, BW) were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 dietary treatments (6 pigs/pen; 10 pens/treatment) for 77 d. Diets consisted of a control diet without DON (CONT) and diets containing 1, 3, or 5 ppm DON (DON1, DON3, or DON5). Nitrogen-balance was determined in 1 pig/pen during weeks 6 and 12 of the study. Growth performance measures were taken weekly for average daily feed intake (ADFI), average daily gain (ADG), and gain:feed (GF) until day 77. Blood samples were collected on days 0, 14, 42, 56, and 84 from 1 pig/pen for analysis of indicators of liver and kidney function. On day 7, ADG and ADFI for pigs fed DON3 and DON5 diets were lower (P < 0.05) compared with DON1- and CONT-fed pigs. Overall, ADG and ADFI (days 0 to 77) were lower in DON3- and DON5-fed pigs compared with CONT and DON1 pigs (P < 0.05), with no difference in GF (P > 0.05). Final BW was reduced in DON3- and DON5-fed pigs (P < 0.05) compared with CONT and DON1, which were not different (P > 0.05). No significant (P > 0.05) treatment effects were observed on carcass characteristics. In the grower-phase, protein deposition (PD) was reduced in DON3 and DON5 pigs compared with CONT and DON1 pigs (P < 0.05). In the finisher phase, PD was not affected by dietary treatment (P > 0.05). There was no effect of dietary treatment on the majority of selected serum chemistry (P > 0.05). In summary, pigs exposed to diets containing > 1 ppm DON had reduced growth performance with little or no effect on nitrogen utilization, organ health, or carcass characteristics, suggesting that the negative effects of DON may be largely due to depressed feed intake.     

Estimation of genetic parameters of feed intake and daily gain in Durocs using data from electronic swine feeders

Genetic parameters for daily feed intake (DFI, g/day) and daily gain (DG, g/day) were estimated using records of 1916 Duroc boars from electronic feeder stations. Management was limited and resulted in varied ranges of age and weight on test. Boars were housed in 102 pens, each equipped with one feeder, and allowed ad libitum feeding. Weekly averages of DFI and DG were used due to large variation in daily records. Six traits were defined as DFI and DG during 85–106 (period 1), 107–128 (period 2) and 129–150 days of age (period 3). A six‐trait model included age as a linear and a quadratic covariate for DFI and a linear covariate for DG with a fixed effect of year–week–pen and random effects of litter, additive genetic animal and permanent environmental animal. Variance components were estimated by a Bayesian approach using Gibbs sampling algorithm. Estimates of heritability for respective periods were 18%, 12% and 10% for DFI and 21%, 11% and 10% for DG. Genetic correlations between DFI and DG in the same period were 0.70, 0.73 and 0.32 for the respective periods. DFI and DG obtained from automatic feeders can be analysed to reveal variation across testing periods by using weekly averages when many monthly averages are incomplete.     

早杂籼稻糙米代替玉米日粮对肉鸡增重效果的研究

选择１日龄ＡＡ肉雏鸡４４０只,随机分为４组,每组１１０只。１组为玉米日粮组,２,３和４组依次以糙米取代日粮中玉米５０％,７０％和１００％。饲养４５ｄ,结果表明：１,２,３和４组鸡平均体重分别为１．９８０,２．０６７,２．２０６和２．３２５ｋｇ;日增重依次为４２．７,４４．７,４７．８和５０．４ｇ;与１组比较,２,３和４组鸡的日增重依次提高４．７％,１１．９％和１８．０％;料肉比依次下降０．５％,２．９％和７．１％;每千克增重耗料成本依次下降０．０４元,０．１３元和０．３１元。说明,随日粮中糙米代用量的增加,试验鸡增重加快,料肉比和增重成本下降。说明糙米作为肉鸡的能量饲料是可行的、有益的。     

不同粗饲料组合效应对育肥公羊生产性能及经济效益的影响

为研究不同粗饲料组合效应对育肥公羊采食量、日增重、料肉比及经济效益的影响,试验采用单因素完全随机试验设计,将体重相近的40只小尾寒羊后备种公羊随机分为8组,每组5只。基于等能等氮原则配制日增重350 g试验饲粮,其中A组日粮中粗饲料添加苜蓿,B组添加玉米秸秆,C组添加棉花秸秆,D组添加苜蓿和棉花秸秆,E组添加苜蓿和玉米秸秆,F、G、H组添加不同比例苜蓿、棉花秸秆和玉米秸秆。试验期40 d,其中预试期10 d,正式试验期30 d。结果表明:(1)G组干物质采食量极显著高于C组和D组(P<0.01),显著高于F组(P<0.05);A、B、E、H组干物质采食量极显著高于C组和D组(P<0.01);F组干物质采食量显著高于C组(P<0.05)。(2)A组日增重极显著高于C组(P<0.01),显著高于D组(P<0.05);G组日增重显著高于C组和D组(P<0.05)。(3)A组饲粮单价最高,C组单价最低,饲料单价如下趋势:A组>E组>G组>H组>F组>D组>B组>C组,饲料总成本趋势与饲料单价趋势基本相同。(4)增重收益中A组最高,C组最低,前者比后者高35.76%;经济效益G组最高,D组最低,前者比后者高34.46%。综上,在本试验条件下,以苜蓿:玉米秸秆:棉杆为12:24:13调配日粮时,经济效益最优,为265.43元/只。     

血浆蛋白粉饲喂仔猪试验报告

本试验设２个组,每组５０头仔猪,试验期分预试期和正试期二个阶段,即７～２８日龄为预试期,２８～４２日龄为正试期。整个试验期饲料不变,试验组饲料含５％血浆蛋白粉（ＡＰ９５０）,对照组不添加血浆蛋白粉（ＡＰ９５０）,进行饲养试验。试验结果显示,２８日龄前（即仔猪断奶前）,饲料中添加５％血浆蛋白粉（ＡＰ９５０）对仔猪增重影响不大,但能增强仔猪抗病力,提高免疫力。在２８～４２日龄期间,添加５％血浆蛋白粉（ＡＰ９５０）能明显提高仔猪的日增重和饲料转化率,试验组饲料转化率比对照组提高１３６％,并能预防和降低仔猪因断奶引起的疫病和应激反应。