煤矿塌陷地网箱生态养殖鳙鱼试验

在未治理塌陷地水域,设置网箱生态养殖鳙鱼52箱。使用生态养殖技术(不投饵),利用微生物制剂及人工诱导饵料生物技术,在25m2网箱内放养鱼种300尾,其中鳙鱼规格为165g/尾。经过137d的养殖,网箱平均单产19.72kg/m2,其中鳙鱼单产14.97kg/m2,折合667m2产鳙鱼9 985kg。网箱平均产值达138.06元/m2,净收入为99.66元/m2,投入产出比为1∶3.59。     

江河网箱高密度养殖斑点叉尾鮰试验

随机选用2只小网箱，每只网箱面积为4m^2，实用养殖水体为8m^3；共投放鱼种2850尾，每尾平均体重18．3g，平均每箱放养1425尾。经过5个月的精心养殖，共收获成鱼1912．5kg，最高一只网箱单产265kg／m^3，平均单产239．1kg／m^3，饵料系数1．26。     

煤矿塌陷地水域网箱养殖草鱼试验

2008年,我们承担了济宁市任城区科技局下达的“煤矿塌陷地水域可持续利用高产试验”项目,在煤矿塌陷地水域进行网箱养殖草鱼试验。共放网箱5个,网箱规格5m×5m×2m,总面积125m^2,鱼种放养规格150g／尾以上,每箱放养草鱼种750尾,搭配20尾鲢鱼种,网箱总产成鱼7812．5kg,平均单产1562．5kg/箱,成活率达94．4％,成鱼规格为2．15kg／尾,产值7．8万元,实现经济效益2．5万元。     

水库不投铒网箱养殖匙吻鲟试验

面积为12m^2的不投铒网箱，放养15cm左右的匙吻鲟鱼种34尾，经5个月养殖可达到1.14kg/尾，成活率达100％，可产匙吻鲟34kg以上，获利润4424元，单产达3．25kg/m^2,单位网箱利润368．67元／m^2，每养殖一尾匙吻鲟创利润130．12元。     

淡水池塘网箱养殖漠斑牙鲆试验报告

通过对漠斑牙鲆淡水池塘网箱养殖试验,掌握了该品种的生活习性,探索出漠斑牙鲆内陆地区淡水养殖模式,总结出养殖过程中应采取的技术措施。25m~2网箱总产漠斑牙鲆102．9 kg,平均单产4．12 kg/m~2,平均规格为306．25 g/尾,成活率达84%。     

翘嘴红鲌苗种繁育及成鱼养殖试验

2004～2005年进行了翘嘴红鲌人工繁殖、夏花与冬片鱼种培育、成鱼池塘与网箱养殖试验,取得较好效果。2004年：催产亲鱼25组,出苗340万尾；3口发花池经25天饲养共产夏花鱼种24.91万尾,平均体长3.0～3.3 cm；3口育种池经140天培育共产冬片鱼种6.38万尾,平均体长12.4～14.3 cm,利润2660～2937元/667m~2,投产比1：2.64～2.82。2005年：3口成鱼池共产商品鱼7445 kg,平均单产413.6 kg/667m~2,利润4546～6333元/667m~2,投产比1：2.15～2.53；4口网箱共产商品鱼2558kg,平均单产32.0 kg/m~2,利润352～413元/m~2,投产比1：2.01～1：2.03。     

南扶水库网箱养殖福寿鱼的技术

南扶水库网箱养福寿鱼开始于1989年,放养4只箱、面积100 m~2,共产鱼5834kg,平均单产58.4 kg/m~2,产值35 966元,盈利7166元。以后养殖规模不断扩大,产量及效益不断提高。1990年80只网箱产鱼175625kg,产值1096605元,盈利195569元。其中6只高产试验箱产鱼20669.9 kg,平均单产达123.03kg/m~2,饵料系数2.39,总产值128344元,扣除各项生产成本及税金,获纯利16738元。本文总结了该库网箱养福寿鱼的技术措施。     

水库不投饵网箱养殖匙吻鲟生产性试验

2002年6月在隔河岩水库进行不投饵网箱养殖匙吻鲟生产性试验，结果表明：面积为360m^2的不投饵网箱，放养10cm左右的匙吻鲟鱼种l500尾，经1年养殖平均达到576．4g，成活率达90．5％，产匙吻鲟782．75kg，单产达2．17kg/m^2，产值共计75144元，折合亩产值139156元，生产性试验开支共计27820元，创利润47324元，单位网箱利润131．5元／m^2，每养殖l尾匙吻鲟创利润34．85元，折合亩利润8397l元。投入产出比1：2．70。水库不投饵网箱养匙吻鲟已显示出良好的经济效益、生态效益和社会效益，具有广阔的推广应用前景。     

小网箱高密度养殖倒刺鲃试验

倒刺从自然环境引到水库进行网箱高密度养殖,其生长速度较快,经250天左右饲养、在5m2的网箱里、产鱼488．725kg．735尾、成活率98％．单产97745kg／m2,饵料系数2．59,总产值61090.6元．总成本18825元,利润42265元。     

传统网箱和深水网箱养殖卵形鲳鲹的对比试验

利用传统渔排网箱和深水网箱养殖卵形鲳鲹,从生长、收获及经济效益方面对比其养殖效果。养殖124d的结果如下：传统网箱养殖卵形鲳鲹鲂收获时的平均体重、饵料系数、成活率和单位产量分别为350．2g/尾、2．26、80．3％和12．98kg／m^3,深水网箱分别为421．1g/尾、2．05、91．2％和17．28kg/m^3。养殖成本传统网箱和深水网箱分别为17．93元,kg和17．10元／kg,产值分别为264．6元/m^3和346．0元／m^3,开4润分别为31．9元/m^3和50．4元,m^3。试验结果表明,深水网箱养殖卵形鲳鲹比传统网箱生长快,饵料系数低,成活率较高,经济效益也优于传统网箱。     

海蜇池塘生态养殖技术研究

利用池塘生态条件,使用净水复合菌,其含量为80亿／ml左右,以保持生态健康养殖。通过对比试验和观察测定等,对海蜇苗种的适宜放养时间、密度、规格、方法及水质要求、池水调节、生产管理等方面进行了研究,2005年平均单产143．38 kg／667 m2,平均投入产出比为1:3．46。     

Effects of integrated combination and quicklime supplementation on growth and pearl yield of freshwater pearl mussel, Hyriopsis cumingii (Lea, 1852)

The effects of integrated combination and quicklime supplementation on growth and pearl yield of a freshwater mussel, Hyriopsis cumingii (Lea, 1852), were examined through a 137-day growout in land-based enclosures. The integrated combinations examined were either mussel, bighead carp and gibel carp or mussel and bighead carp. Each combination was treated either with or without quicklime supplementation. One half of the mussels in each enclosure were grafted with pieces of the mantle epithelium while the other half were not. During the experiment, gibel carp were fed formulated feed while the mussel and bighead carp were fed natural live food. Quicklime was regularly provided in the enclosures as calcium replenishment. The species composition in the integrated system significantly affected growth in shell size and wet weight of the mussels regardless of the graft and pearl yield, while no significant effects of quicklime supplementation were detected. Growth rates in shell size and wet weight of both grafted and non-grafted mussels and pearl yield were slightly higher in the enclosures with mussel, bighead carp and gibel carp than those with mussel and bighead carp, although these differences were not statistically significant. The non-grafted mussel exhibited faster growth in shell size and wet weight than the grafted mussel within the same treatment. Results of the present study indicate that species combination in an integrated system can affect growth and pearl yield of H. cumingii . The species combination of mussel, bighead carp and gibel carp is recommended for commercial H. cumingii farming.     

太湖梅梁湾生物控藻围栏内鲢、鳙比肠长和比肝重的动态变化

为了解滤食性鱼类的消化生理指标及其生态适应性,2005年1-10月,调查了太湖梅梁湾生物控藻围栏中鲢(Hypophthalmichthys molitrix)、鳙(Aristichthys nobilis)在不同生长阶段的比肠长和比肝重指数的动态变化,分析了比肠长和比肝重与温度、体长、体重以及饵料组成的关系。结果表明,鲢、鳙比肠长和比肝重的季节变化都非常明显,比肠长均值分别为9.66和5.73,夏季的比肠长均明显增大。总的来看,鲢的比肠长和季节变化幅度均大于鳙,表明在滤食和消化浮游植物上,鲢具有更强的环境适应能力;鲢、鳙的比肠长与水温显著正相关(鲢P<0.01;鳙P<0.05),而与体长、体重以及饵料组成的相关性不显著;温度导致的摄食强度变化应是鲢、鳙比肠长季节变化的主要原因。鲢、鳙的比肝重均值分别为1.57%和1.91%,鳙的比肝重明显大于鲢,这可能与鳙摄食更多的浮游动物有关;鲢、鳙的比肝重与温度、体长、体重以及饵料组成均有显著的相关性(P<0.05),表明生物个体的形态特征与其所利用的资源环境有非常紧密的联系。     

Growth, Yield, Dressout, and Net Returns of Bighead Carp Hypophthalmichthys nobilis Stocked at Three Densities in Catfish Ictalurus punctatus Ponds

Abstract— Alternative fish species that can be cultured together with catfish Ictalurus punctatus provide an opportunity to diversify caffish farms. A 2-yr study was conducted in 0.10-ha earthen ponds to evaluate the effect of bighead carp (BHC) stocking density on growth, yield, dressout yield, and net returns. Initially, bighead carp (average weight of 22 g) were stocked at rates of 380, 750, or 1,130 fishha in ponds with catfish. Caffish were cultured under commercial conditions by stocking caffish at a density of 12,500/ha, aerating nightly and feeding at an average rate of 82 kgha per d. Stocking rates for 2-yr-old fish were reduced to 77, 260, and 435/ha in the second growing season. There were no significant differences among treatments ( P > 0.05) in summer growth of bighead carp in either year. Bighead carp stocked at 1,130 fishha had significantly higher yields than those stocked at 380/ha, but did not reach minimum market size of 2.2 kg during the first year ( P > 0.05). There were no significant differences ( P > 0.05) in caffish growth, yield, survival, or feed conversion ratios due to the bighead carp stocking densities. Partial budget analysis indicated that net benefits were positive for all three treatments over a range of prevailing prices of bighead carp. Bighead carp production in catfish ponds is economically feasible over a wide range of prices. Given the market risk of producing smaller fish at the higher density, the medium density is the preferred stocking density of fingerling bighead carp in catfish ponds.     

稳定同位素技术分析不同养殖方式下鳙饵料的贡献率

应用碳氮稳定同位素技术分析了不同养殖方式(A组:施肥;B组:施肥+1/2投饲;C组:施肥+投饲;D组:投饲)围隔中鳙(Aristichthys nobilis)肌肉碳氮稳定同位素变化情况,及其可能摄食饵料的贡献率。结果表明,A组鳙肌肉的δ13C和δ15N值分别为(–23.8±0.1)‰和(10.8±0.4)‰,显著高于B组、C组和D组的值(P0.05),后三者之间值没有显著差异。围隔中的食物源有浮游动物、颗粒有机物和饲料,它们的δ13C和δ15N值均低于消费者鳙的同位素值。3种食物在不同养殖方式下的贡献率不同,浮游动物是A组鳙的主要食物来源,平均贡献率为(65.6±3.2)%,饲料是另3个组鳙的主要食物来源,其中B组饲料的贡献率相对较大,达82.1%。说明投饲鳙后,鳙对饲料能够较好地吸收利用,但在池塘中同时培育天然饵料能有效提高饲料的贡献率,减少投饲量,降低残饵的污染。本研究旨为实践养殖中合理投饲鳙的管理技术提供理论依据。     

Growth and food availability of silver and bighead carps: evidence from stable isotope and gut content analysis

A 2-year investigation of growth and food availability of silver carp and bighead was carried out using stable isotope and gut content analysis in a large pen in Meiliang Bay of Lake Taihu, China. Both silver carp and bighead exhibited significantly higher δ¹³C in 2005 than in 2004, which can probably be attributed to two factors: (i) the difference between isotopic compositions at the base of the pelagic food web and (ii) the difference between the compositions of prey items and stable isotopes. The significantly positive correlations between body length, body weight and stable isotope ratios indicated that isotopic changes in silver carp and bighead resulted from the accumulation of biomass concomitant with rapid growth. Because of the drastic decrease in zooplankton in the diet in 2005, silver carp and bighead grew faster in 2004 than in 2005. Bighead carp showed a lower trophic level than silver carp in 2005 as indicated by stable nitrogen isotope ratios, which was possibly explained by the interspecific difference between the prey species and the food quality of silver carp and bighead.     

池塘培育草鱼种关键技术

1999年6月9月，使用池塘3口（面积1．21hm^2)培育草鱼种。经87d，总产10571kg,其中草鱼种6249kg，出塘率92．5％，饵料系数1．57；鲢、鳙鱼种4322kg，出塘率71．3％。总产值7．35万元，利润4．15万元。同时对草鱼夏花至秋片不同生长阶段蛋白质需求量，以及颗粒饲料粒径与鱼口裂大小关系等进行了试验。     

松浦镜鲤与长丰鲢食用鱼混养试验

2012年5-10月,在面积为0.19hm2的试验池1中放养体质量160g的松浦镜鲤（Cyprinus carpio Songpu）117,700尾·hm^-2,混养体质量160g的长丰鲢（Hypophthalmichthys molitrix）春片、乌子头和鳙（Aristichthys no-bilis）夏花鱼种。在面积为0.19hm2的试验池2中放养体质量149.5g的松浦镜鲤3,450尾·hm^-2,只混养鲢和鳙夏花,采用常规饲养方法。2012年10月2日,试验池1平均每hm2产鱼21,025.5kg,其中松浦镜鲤平均全长34.3cm,体质量1425g,产量18,294.0kg;长丰鲢春片平均体质量674g,平均产量1,816.5kg,长丰鲢夏花平均全长18.6cm,体质量112.4g,平均产量592.5kg;鳙夏花平均全长达12.1cm,体质量39.9g,平均产量322.5kg。试验池2平均每hm2产鱼3,069.0kg,其中松浦镜鲤平均全长35.0cm,体质量1225g,平均产量2,766.0kg;鲢夏花平均全长达11.3cm,体质量24.9g,平均产量130.5kg;鳙夏花平均全长达11.1cm,体质量35.1g,平均产量172.5kg。试验表明,高密度养殖的松浦镜鲤产量显著高于密度低时,长丰鲢夏花的出池体质量是普通鲢的4.5倍,特殊生长率（6.27%·d^-1）是普通鲢（3.5%·d^-1）的1.79倍。文中还讨论了松浦镜鲤养殖池的水质和技术特点。     

池塘主养彭泽鲫鱼种高产试验报告

池塘面积1067m^3，主养彭泽鲫鱼种，搭配团头鲂及鲢鳙鱼种，经156天饲养，共产鱼1029．6kg，折合667m^2产鱼643．5kg。其中每667m^2产彭泽鲫鱼种367．8kg,平均规格70g。每667m^2利润3498元。投入产出比为1：1．67。     

双齿围沙蚕苗种培育与生态养殖试验报告

针对养殖生产中所存在的关键问题,采取了亲体移植蓄养、强化培育、集中同步产卵技术,运用现代生物技术采取综合生态养殖技术,从而实现双齿围沙蚕苗种培育与生态养殖的规模化生产。2003-2004年连续2年土池育苗均获得成功,其中2004年平均每平方米出苗11刚节以上幼沙蚕3 646条;2004年沙蚕蓄水养殖83．33 hm2(1 250亩),每667 m2 放养幼沙蚕6万-8万条,平均每667m2产沙蚕134．9 kg,获利3 155．2元。