共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 62 毫秒
1.
2.
花粉的保存和生活力测定 总被引:22,自引:0,他引:22
花粉是种子植物所持有的生殖器官的一部分,是一种非常独特的细胞,是单倍体只具有简单的遗传物质,可以脱离母体独立生活,并具有象单细胞生物那样的特性。花粉的寿命很短,但在特殊的条件下保存,可在较长的时间内保持其生活力。如果将花粉存放在花粉库中,就能解决诸如制种中花时花期不遇的问题,并 相似文献
3.
辣椒花粉生活力最佳测定方法的筛选 总被引:43,自引:1,他引:43
研究结果表明:I-KI染色法,醋酸洋红染色法,TTC染色法,过氧化物酶沉淀法和培养基离体萌发法等5种方法的适用测定现采花粉的生活力,而要测定贮藏花粉的生活力只能用TTC染色法和培养基离体萌发法。不论对何种来源的辣椒花粉进行生活力测定,以离体萌发法所得结果最为直观,稳定,是测定辣椒花粉生活力的最佳方法。 相似文献
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
本研究先后采用了花粉离体萌发法、FDA染色法和I2-KI染色法测定了芒离体花粉的生活力。结果表明:在离体萌发法中,离体花粉在培养5 min后即开始萌发,培养30 min后花粉管平均长度达到了145.77 μm。芒离体花粉的平均初始萌发率为82.6 %,但花粉生活力下降很快,室温保存90 min的花粉其萌发率已下降至3.0 %。因此利用离体萌发法能够准确有效地测定芒花粉生活力的变化规律。而利用FDA染色法和I2-KI染色法测定的芒花粉初始生活力与离体萌发法的结果基本一致,分别为84.6 %和86.6 %,但这两种染色法不适合用于跟踪测定花粉生活力的变化。 相似文献
10.
11.
为了探索不同芍药切花品种之间的亲缘关系特征,利用荧光标记AFLP分子标记技术,采用9 对PstI /MseI 引物组合对20 个芍药切花品种进行了DNA遗传多样性分析。结果表明:9 对引物均显示多态性,共产生谱带733 条,其中多态性条带699 条,多态性位点平均为95.36%,Nei 基因多样性指数为1.4163~1.5552,平均1.4740;Shannon 信息指数为0.4197~0.4929,平均0.4490。经UPGMA聚类分析后,20 份芍药品种的Dice 相似系数0.458~0.741,在相似系数0.52 处,可将供试的20 个切花芍药品种分为5类。研究认为,药芍品种间的遗传差异较大,具有丰富的遗传多样性,为芍药品种分类及亲缘关系分析提供参考依据。 相似文献
12.
分析杭白芍结实性状及其籽油品质,为芍药籽油专用品种培育及籽油开发利用提供理论参考。对杭白芍的结实性状相关性和籽油理化性质进行测试和分析,结果表明:(1)单心皮种子数和心皮长均与单株产量呈极显著正相关,蓇葖果数与单株产量呈显著正相关,分株数与单株产量呈显著负相关;主成分分析表明,前4个主成分累计贡献率达88.8768%。(2)籽油测试结果表明,种子含油率21.31%,油酸40.56%,亚油酸29.16%,亚麻酸22.11%,籽油不饱和脂肪酸91.83%,维生素E含量79.64 mg/100 g。因此,在选育高产品系时要重点关注单心皮种子数、心皮长和蓇葖果数等性状指标。杭白芍籽油具有较高的食用价值,可以作为一种新型的油料作物,具备深入研究推广的价值。 相似文献
13.
花分生组织决定基因APETALA2(AP2)属于植物ABCDE模型基因,在花器官发育过程中起着重要的调控作用。为进一步了解芍药AP2基因的生物学功能,利用RACE扩增和测序技术克隆plAP2基因序列,利用生物信息学在线程序对其序列特征、蛋白结构及功能、亚细胞定位进行预测,并利用MEGA 5.0构建不同植物AP2分子进化树,最后利用qPCR检测其在内外花瓣中的差异表达情况。结果显示,克隆获得芍药AP2基因(plAP2)cDNA序列全长1 935 bp,其ORF全长为1 578 bp,编码525个氨基酸。蛋白结构与功能分析表明,plAP2蛋白为亲水性不稳定蛋白,无跨膜结构和信号肽,表明为非分泌蛋白;核定位信号位于氨基酸序列139-147(KKSRRGPRS);二级结构包括α-螺旋(24%)、β-折叠(19%)、β-转角(28%)和无规则卷曲(28%);plAP2蛋白存在8个糖基化位点和64个磷酸化位点,plAP2蛋白包含2个相同的保守结构域:AP2/(Ethylene-Responsive factors,ERF)(151-213aa和243-306aa)。亚细胞定位主要在细胞质(45.0%)中,少量分布于微体、线粒体基质间隙和溶酶体;进化树分析表明,芍药AP2基因与牡丹高度同源且亲缘关系最近;qPCR检测显示外瓣AP2表达量均极显著高于内瓣(P0.01)。克隆出芍药AP2全长cDNA序列,系统地揭示了plAP2蛋白基本结构、功能位点区域、细胞定位以及组织表达情况,为今后深入研究plAP2基因功能提供基础素材和理论参考。 相似文献
14.
以芍药切花为试材,以蒸馏水为对照(CK1),3%蔗糖+200 mg/L柠檬酸+25 mg/L水杨酸为基本瓶插液(CK2),探索在基本瓶插液中添加200 mg/L羧甲基壳聚糖(CMCS)和20 mg/L纳米银(NS)对芍药切花瓶插品质及采后生理的影响.结果表明:两种药剂均可改善切花水分平衡状态,提升观赏品质.与对照(CK1)相比,CMCS和NS处理芍药切花最大花径分别增加2.17 cm、3.19 cm,瓶插寿命分别延长3.01 d、4.26 d,最佳观赏期分别延长1.87 d、2.75 d.两种杀菌剂对芍药切花生理特性的调控作用相似,均提高了芍药切花花瓣的可溶性蛋白质含量和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)等保护酶活性,降低了相对电导率、丙二醛(MDA)及游离脯氨酸(Pro)含量,其中20 mg/L NS处理的保鲜效果最好. 相似文献
15.
芍药查尔酮异构酶基因(CHI)克隆、密码子偏好性分析以及蛋白结构功能预测 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为了丰富芍药CHI基因研究的基础数据,首先利用RACE技术对芍药CHI基因的CDS区进行克隆,并通过EMBOSS软件分析序列的密码子偏好性,其次利用生物信息学软件和在线数据库对芍药CHI进行蛋白结构与功能预测。结果表明,克隆获得芍药CHI基因c DNA序列长度为898 bp(Gen Bank序列号:JN119872),芍药CHI基因偏好使用以A/U结尾的密码子,28种偏好密码子(RSCU1),其中偏好性较强的有UUG、UGU、CAU、AGA、AGG、CGG(RSCU≥2),在密码子的使用频率上,芍药CHI基因与酵母、大肠杆菌等模式生物基因组的差异均大于拟南芥基因组。芍药CHI为非跨膜亲水的稳定蛋白,无信号肽,属于非分泌蛋白;主要分布在细胞质(45.0%)和微体(42.5%)中;无糖基化位点,14个磷酸化位点,其中第20位氨基酸处存在一个典型的磷酸激酶PKC,含有1个异构酶Chalcone保守结构域;二级结构包括α螺旋(39%)、延伸链(20%)、β-转角结构(13%)和无规则卷曲(27%);三级结构呈β-三明治折叠形成的倒置花束。发现了一个异构酶催化活性区域和一个重要的特异性蛋白质激酶PKC位点,为今后深入研究CHI基因功能提供有利的基础资料,此外,拟南芥真核表达更适合作为芍药CHI基因的外源表达系统。 相似文献
16.
Bodo R. Trognitz 《Euphytica》1991,56(2):143-148
Summary The main obstacle in breeding potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) dihaploids is the severe limitation of male fertility. To determine pollen viability assays that correlate well to fertility in crosses, results of five different pollen viability assays were compared by correlation analysis with fruit and seed set characters in test crosses, and to pollen tube growth in situ (PL-test). The methods used were: staining the pollen cells with carmino acetic acid (CAA-test); in vitro pollen germination (PG-test); and detection of pollen staining rates after incubation with fluoresceine diacetate (FDA-test), 2-3-5-triphenyle tetrazolium chloride (TTC-test), and 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyle--galactoside (X-Gal-test).The results of test crosses and pollen tube growth in situ correlated with the results of all other assays with the following ranking, from highest to lowest: enzyme activity assays (X-Gal-test, FDA-test, TTC-test), in vitro pollen germination (PG-test), and pollen staining by CAA. The newly developed X-Gal-test for monitoring -galactosidase activity showed the least variation of all assays investigated. Thus, this highly reproducible simple procedure is recommended for male fertility screening.Abbreviations B/F
Berries obtained per 100 flowers
- CAA
Carmino acetic acid
- FDA
Fluoresceine diacetate
- PG
Pollen germination rate in vitro
- PL
Pollen tube growth in situ
- S/B
Seeds per berry
- S/F
Seeds per pollinated flower
- TTC
2-3-5-triphenyle tetrazolium chloride
- X-Gal
5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyle--galactoside 相似文献
17.
18.
In vitro germination and viability of buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench) pollen 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
An in vitro method for the germination of common buckwheat pollen was developed. Pollen grains were successfully germinated
in an artificial medium consisting of 0.2 g each of MnSO4, Ca(NO3)2.4H2O and KNO3, 0.04 g H3BO3, 15 g sucrose and 30 g polyethylene glycol (molecular weight approximately 20,000) dissolved in 100 ml of double distilled
water. The viability of pollen was assessed by in vivo and in vitro germination tests at 20 °C and 25 °C over a 38 h time
period. Pollen grains were collected and germinated at 4 h intervals from freshly harvested flowers grown under 16 h day length
and a constant temperature. Maximum pollen viability was found 2 h and 6 h after first light when plants were maintained at
25 °C and 20 °C, respectively. Viability, as measured by germination percentage, was similar at both temperature regimes.
Some pollen remained viable for approximately 34 to 38 h in intact flowers, but all pollen lost viability in less than an
hour when stored at room temperature without humidity control.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
19.
Summary Pollen viability was evaluated in about 500 seedlings originating from 31 crosses between nine commercial Hybrid Tea-rose varieties. The data indicated that pollen viability was inherited additively. 相似文献
20.
Summary Maize pollen quality was investigated after long-term storage both in a refrigerator and in liquid nitrogen by a combination of viability tests and cytochemical methods. Determination of the activities of a number of enzymes involved in important metabolic pathways was carried out. Quinone formation was also studied, as some products of secondary metabolism affect pollen grain viability. One year of pollen storage in liquid nitrogen had little effect on the activities of oxidoreductases and hydrolases and had no significant effect on pollen grain viability evaluated by acetocarmine, neutral red and acridine organe. Only the FCR test showed slightly decreased viability. After one and two years of storage in a refrigerator, pollen grain viability, tested using acetocarmine, neutral red and acridine orange, did not change substantially. Simultaneously the FCR test showed a considerable decrease in pollen grain viability. Long-term storage in a refrigerator resulted in the loss of cytochrome oxidase activity and rise of alcohol dehydrogenase, lactate dehydrogenase, peroxidase and polyphenoloxidase activities as well as of quinone formation.Abbreviations ADH
Alcohol dehydrogenase
- DOPA
L-3,4-Dihydroxyphenylalanine
- FCR
Fluorochromatic reaction
- FDA
Fluorescein diacetate
- GDH
Glutamate dehydrogenase
- IDH
Isocitrate dehydrogenase
- LDH
Lactate dehydrogenase
- NADI
reaction with -NAphthol and DImethyl-p-phenylenediamine hydrochloride
- 6-PGDH
6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase 相似文献