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1.
Guo Lixue Shi Yuzhen Li Junwen Gong Juwu Liu Aiying Shang Haihong Gong Wankui Chen Tingting Ge Qun Sun Jie Yuan Youlu 《棉花学报》2015,27(6):550-560
In this study, F2 populations from two chromosome segment substitution lines MBI7455 and MBI7358, were quantified using SSR to evaluate the parents' genotype and detect QTL related to fiber quality plus yield traits of cotton. Results show that the recurrent parent (CCRI45) hosted 96.70% and 95.60% of chromosome segment substitution in MBI7455 with 12 chromosome segments and in MBI7358 with 16 chromosome substitution segments of Gossypium barbadense, respectively. In the F2 population, the average rate of chromosome substitution of the recurrent parent (CCRI45) was 96.44%, and the average segments of chromosome substitution of Gossypium barbadense was 13.42, with an average segments of homozygous donor chromosome value of 3.90. Analysis showed 19 fiber quality-related QTL with a phenotypic variance of between 2.52%-13.11% and seven yield traits-related QTL with a range of 2.93%-11.40% phenotypic variance, resulting in a total of 26 QTL. The CSSLs could be used to detect QTL for fiber yield and quality traits, which offer an important foundation for the cotton molecular-assisted breeding. 相似文献
2.
以TM-1的染色体片段代换系CSB22sh和TM-1杂交,构建了包含104个家系的重组自交系（RILs）群体。利用74对具有多态性位点的引物进行检测,构建了包含61个多态性位点,长度为76.93 cM的遗传图谱,平均标记间距离1.26 cM。利用此遗传图谱结合重组自交系群体4个环境下的5个纤维品质性状进行QTL定位,共定位出12个QTLs,解释性状表型变异的2.45%～21.11%;在1,2,3,4个环境中同时检测到的QTLs分别有9,1,1,1个。而利用4个环境平均值进行联合分析定位出个4个QTLs,纤维长度和纤维整齐度的QTLs均为2个,解释性状表型变异的14.37%～19.97%,并且纤维长度和整齐度的QTL在相同的位置。多环境下检测到的QTL可能对标记辅助选择有实际应用价值。 相似文献
3.
Grain yield-related traits and grain quality-related traits are important for rice cultivars. The quantitative trait loci (QTLs) involved in controlling the natural variation in these traits among closely related cultivars are still unclear. The present study describes the development of a novel chromosome segment substitution line (CSSL) population derived from a cross between the temperate japonica cultivars Yukihikari and Kirara397, which are grown in Hokkaido, the northernmost limit for rice cultivation. Days to heading, culm length, panicle length, panicle number, brown grain weight per plant, thousand brown grain weight, brown grain length, brown grain width, brown grain thickness, apparent amylose content, and protein content were evaluated. Panicle length, brown grain length and amylose content differed significantly in the parental cultivars. Thirty-five significant changes in the evaluated traits were identified in the CSSLs. A total of 28 QTLs were located on chromosomes 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12. These findings could be useful for breeding rice cultivars in the northernmost limit for rice cultivation. 相似文献
4.
Backcrossed chromosome substitution lines (CS‐B) have been developed with a homologous pair of chromosomes or chromosome arms of Gossypium barbadense (3‐79) germplasm substituted for the homologous Gossypium hirsutum(TM‐1) chromosomes or chromosome segments. We report on agronomic and fibre trait performance of four backcrossed chromosome or chromosome arm substitution lines including chromosomes 01, 11sh (chromosome 11 short arm), 12 sh and 26 Lo (chromosome 26 long arm). Data for agronomic and fibre traits were collected from replicated field experiments at two different locations in 2 years, and analysed under an additive dominance genetic model. CS‐B 12sh had higher, while CS‐B 01 and CS‐B 26Lo had lower boll weight than TM‐1. The presence of significant negative additive effects for micronaire with CS‐B 01 and significant positive additive effects for elongation and fibre strength with CS‐B 11sh suggested the substituted chromosome arms of 3‐79 in these CS‐B lines were more likely carrying genes causing these effects. Results revealed that several CS‐B lines had significant homozygous and heterozygous dominance effects for different agronomic and fibre traits suggesting that specific CS‐B lines may be useful for improving agronomic and fibre traits in hybrid cottons. These CS‐B lines also provide novel genetic resources for improving upland cotton germplasm. 相似文献
5.
Kong Linglei Shi Yuzhen Li Shaoqi Li Botao Li Junwen Liu Aiying Gong Juwu Shang Haihong Gong Wankui Ge Qun Wang Yanling Song Weiwu Yuan Youlu 《棉花学报》2018,30(2):119-127
[Objective] The aim of this study was to map quantitative traits loci (QTLs) for yield and fiber quality traits in chromosome segment introgression lines (CSILs) from Gossypium hirsutum×Gossypium barbadense. [Method] Four CSILs, MBI 7115, MBI 7412, MBI 7153 and MBI 7346, which were obtained by advanced backcrossing and continuous inbreeding from upland cotton variety CCRI 45 and sea-island cotton variety Hai 1, were used to construct double-cross segregating populations F1 and F1:2 through the following crosses: [(MBI 7115×MBI 7412)×(MBI 7153×MBI 7346)]. Simple sequence repeat (SSR) molecular markers were used to evaluate the genotyes of parents. The F1 and F1:2 populations were used to map QTLs for yield and fiber quality-related traits. [Result] The recovery rates of the recurrent parent CCRI 45 in the four CSILs were all above 97%. Forty-one QTLs, which were distributed across 11 chromosomes, were detected using the two segregating populations. There were 30 QTLs controlling fiber quality with phenotypic variations ranging from 1.11% to 11.80% and 11 QTLs controlling yield-related traits with 1.09%–13.57% phenotypic variations. [Conclusion] Five QTLs for fiber quality were consistently detected in two populations and they were all newly discovered QTLs. This study provides an important theoretical basis for fine mapping of these QTLs and molecular marker-assisted breeding for excellent fiber quality. 相似文献
6.
为了揭示棉花染色体片段代换系BC_7F_2纤维产量性状和品质性状之间的相关关系,筛选纤维品质优异的新材料。以1套陆海染色体片断代换系为材料,对BC7F2高代回交群体的产量性状与纤维品质性状的表性数据进行评价及偏相关分析。结果表明:群体各性状的平均值接近于轮回亲本‘中棉所36’,群体内存在丰富的遗传变异。纤维上半部平均长度超轮回亲本比例为30.25%,断裂比强度超轮回亲本比例为71.25%,衣分超轮回亲本比例为29.38%。总体上单铃重与马克隆值、整齐度指数呈极显著正相关,衣分与上半部平均长度、断裂比强度呈显著负相关,与单铃重呈极显著负相关。从中筛选出部分纤维品质突出的单株,纤维上半部平均长度高于30.00 mm,断裂比强度高于31.00 cN/tex。 相似文献
7.
以1套陆地棉染色体片段代换系为亲本材料,采用株系间随机成对杂交组配F1,在5个环境下鉴定片段代换系亲本及F1的皮棉产量与纤维品质性状表现。结果表明,与轮回亲本(中棉所36)相比,F1在铃重与皮棉产量性状上具有一定的对照优势,亲本与F1的纤维长度与比强度均表现出明显的对照优势,且环境间表现一致。F1铃重、衣分与皮棉产量在各个环境下的中亲优势均值全部为正,且相对较大。除个别环境外,纤维长度、马克隆值与比强度的中亲优势均值也全部为正,但数值相对较小。片段代换系及F1的遗传变异丰富,部分亲本与F1在多个环境下的综合表现优异,其皮棉产量与纤维品质得到同步提高,群体材料的遗传改良与杂种优势利用具有广阔前景。 相似文献
8.
[Objective] Tolerance evaluation is the basis for cotton salinity-resistant breeding. [Method] Relative growth of cotton plants at seedling stage for 148 introgression lines was used to evaluate the tolerance to salinity. [Result] The results demonstrated that salt damage coefficients were significantly different from each other, with an average 61.22% ranging from 1.34% to 100%. Based on the salt damage coefficient, 148 introgression lines were divided into three groups; group 1 (23.65%) was more tolerant than the tolerant parent with the salt damage coefficient less than 29.35%; group 2 (39.19%) was more sensitive than the tolerant parent with the salt damage coefficient from 29.35%―71.70%; group 3 (37.16%) was more sensitive than the susceptible parent with the salt damage coefficient above 71.70%. [Condusion] Mapping of QTLs (Quantitative trait locus) for salt-tolerant traits indicated that 23 QTLs for tolerance-related traits were detected. Among them, 12 QTLs were aggregately distributed on chromosomes A05, A12, D05 and D11. Our results demonstrate that it is feasible for screening salt-tolerant introgression lines from Gossypium barbadense into G. hirsutum, especially by molecular marker-assisted selection for specific chromosomes with high efficiency. 相似文献
9.
低酚棉种质资源的研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
1988～1990年在保定地区自然条件下。对145个国内外不同来源的低酚棉品种(系)的生育特性、产量表现和纤维品质进行了研究。结果表明,多数品种的熟性差异不大,从播种到吐絮135～140天的品种占91.72％。产量性状中,铃重、衣分、子指和衣指的变异度较小,而子棉和皮棉产量的变异潜力较大。纤维品质性状的变异程度较产量性状小。国内品种与国外引进品种相比,具有较早熟、衣分高、子指小、产量高、纤维长、细度好的特点,而国外品种的棉铃大、纤维强度高。通过鉴定和筛选,获得了数十份具有丰产、大铃、高衣分、长纤维、高强度和细度好等不同种质特性的优异种质资源。 相似文献
10.
探讨棉花染色体片段代换系皮棉产量与产量构成因素之间的相关关系,明确其产量育种的主攻方向,以1套陆地棉染色体片段代换系及F1为材料,采用相关与通径分析的方法,对5种环境条件下代换系亲本及F1的皮棉产量与产量构成因素进行分析。结果表明,产量构成因素的变异系数以铃数最大,铃重次之,衣分最小,且F1产量构成因素的变异系数在所有环境下均比代换系亲本要小。铃数、衣分及铃重与皮棉产量均呈正相关,除个别环境外均达到显著性水平,其与皮棉产量的相关和偏相关系数在代换系亲本中以铃数最大,而F1中则以衣分最大。衣分,铃数与皮棉产量的相关程度受环境影响小,而铃重受环境影响较大。除1种环境外,代换系亲本的直接通径系数以铃数最大,衣分次之,铃重最小,而F1中则以衣分最大,铃数次之,铃重最小;代换系亲本中各因素的间接通径系数均为正值,而F1中铃数与铃重相互之间的间接通径系数均为负值。材料类型和环境条件不同,其产量构成因素与皮棉产量的相关程度及贡献大小也存在较大差异。代换系亲本产量育种的主攻目标前期应该重在衣分,后期重在铃数,而F1则始终以提高衣分为主。 相似文献
11.
在三个地区进行了大田试验和盆栽试验,研究农艺因素对杂交棉浙杂166的纤维产量和品质的影响及杂交种若干生理性状的杂种优势。结果表明,最佳种植密度和氮肥用量因地区而异,金华点要比杭州和慈溪要求较低的种植密度和较高的氮肥用量;播种日期以4月15日播种地膜覆盖的处理铃数最多。从纤维产量和衣指上看,最适密度和氮肥用量分别为每公顷4.5万株和180kg,播种日期为杭州和慈溪为4月15日,金华为4月20日,播种后全部地膜覆盖。不同密度、氮肥用量及播种期之间,纤维品质无显著差异,但慈溪点表现为N1(135kg·hm 2)处理的纤维长度显著低于其它氮肥用量较多的处理。叶绿素含量(以SPAD表示)生育期间变异很大,在初花期和吐絮期,杂交种浙杂166高于其双亲和常规品种泗棉3号,而在盛花期和结铃期恰好相反。杂种及其双亲的MDA含量在生育期间也表现出较大的变化,且杂种的变化模式与不育系相似,表现为蕾期较低,而初花期及此后保持较高。与双亲相比,浙杂166具有明显的SOD杂种优势,生育期间的变化模式也与不育系相似。 相似文献
12.
海岛棉CSSLs分子评价及纤维品质、产量性状QTL定位 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本课题组前期以陆地棉中棉所8号(CCRI8)为轮回亲本, 海岛棉Pima 90-53为供体亲本培育了一套陆地棉中棉所8号为背景的海岛棉染色体片段置换系(CSSLs), 本研究利用SSR标记对该置换系群体BC3F5进行基因型检测, 在3个不同环境下(河北保定、青县和新疆轮台)鉴定其纤维品质和产量相关性状并进行QTL定位。该置换系群体包含182个家系, 置换片段数在1~15个之间, 平均为6.6个; 导入片段长度在0.7~83.2 cM之间, 平均长度为16.8 cM; 置换片段总长度20 249.6 cM; 背景回复率在92.3%~99.6%之间, 平均为96.2%。共检测出59个相关的QTL, 其中与纤维品质性状相关的41个, 单个QTL的贡献率为1.27%~26.66%; 与产量性状相关的18个, 单个QTL的贡献率为2.03%~19.38%; 检测到14个稳定的QTL, 其中4个马克隆值和2个纤维伸长率相关的稳定QTL增效基因均来自高值亲本海岛棉Pima 90-53, 2个铃重相关的稳定QTL增效基因来自高值亲本陆地棉中棉所8号。研究结果为深入开展纤维品质和产量性状的QTL精细定位、QTL间互作和分子育种提供了理论依据。 相似文献
13.
Increasing irrigation costs and declining water availability compel producers to adapt irrigation strategies for maximum crop yield and water use efficiency. A field trial was conducted to observe the effects of various drip irrigation ratios (IR-0, IR-25, IR-50, IR-75 and IR-100) on water use efficiency (WUE), the irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE), lint yield, yield components and fibre quality at two upland cotton varieties during 2004 and 2005. WUE was found to increase from 0.62 to 0.71 kg m−3 as the irrigation water applied was reduced from 100 % to 75 % of soil water depletion. Deficit irrigation of cotton with drip irrigation at 75 % treatment level (IR-75) did not decrease seed cotton yield and yield components during 2 years, with the exception of the number of bolls in 2005. Among fibre quality parameters, no significant differences in fibre length, fineness, uniformity index and elongation were detected between the 100 % and 75 % irrigation levels in 2005. The results revealed that irrigation of cotton with a drip irrigation method at 75 % level had significant benefits in terms of saved irrigation water without reducing yield, and high WUE indicated a definitive advantage of employing deficit irrigation under limited water supply conditions. 相似文献
14.
In an earlier advanced‐backcross quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis of an interspecific cross of Gossypium hirsutum cv. ‘Xinluzhong 36’(‘XLZH36’) and G. barbadense cv. ‘Xinhai 21’(‘XH21’), a QTL for fibre strength in the chromosome segment introgression line IL23‐09 was analysed. Single marker analysis revealed that the markers on chro.23 were associated with fibre strength. Using composite interval mapping with the F2 population (1296 plants), a QTL for fibre strength was detected on chro. 23. The QTL explained 8.9% and 15.9% of phenotypic variances in the F2 and F2 : 3 generations, respectively. Substitution mapping suggested that the QTL was located at a physical distance of 23.4 kb between the markers BNL1414 and the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) locus D09_43776813 C‐G. We designated this QTL as qFS‐chr.23 (quantitative trait locus for fibre strength on chro.23). This work provides a valuable genetic resource for the breeding of high fibre quality in cotton and will facilitate future efforts for map‐based cloning. 相似文献
15.
增加穗粒数对水稻高产品种培育至关重要。其遗传基础复杂,由多基因控制。水稻染色体片段代换系可以将多基因控制的复杂性状分解,因而是理想的遗传研究材料。本研究通过高代回交和自交结合分子标记辅助选择方法,鉴定了一个以日本晴为受体、西恢18为供体亲本的、含有15个代换片段的增加穗粒数的水稻染色体片段代换系Z747,平均代换长度为4.49 Mb。与受体日本晴相比, Z747的每穗总粒数、一次枝梗数、二次枝梗数、穗长和粒长显著增加,粒宽显著变窄、结实率显著降低,但结实率仍为81%。进一步以日本晴和Z747杂交构建的次级F2群体鉴定出46个相关性状的QTL,分布于水稻1号、2号、3号、5号、6号、9号、11号和12号染色体上。其中qGPP12、qPH-3-1、qPH-3-2等12个QTL可能与已克隆的基因等位, qSPP9等34个可能是新鉴定的QTL。Z747的每穗总粒数由2个具有增加粒数效应的QTL (qSPP3和qSPP5)和1个具有减少粒数效应的QTL (qSPP9)控制。研究结果对主效QTL的精细定位和克隆、以及有利基因的单片段代换系培育有重要意义。 相似文献
16.
粒型、株高及穗部组成性状与产量形成密切相关,是水稻重要农艺性状,但遗传基础复杂。染色体片段代换系是用于复杂性状遗传研究的良好材料。本研究鉴定了一个以日本晴为受体、西恢18为供体亲本的水稻优良染色体片段代换系Z746。Z746携带来自西恢18的7个代换片段,平均代换长度为3.99 Mb,其株高、粒长和穗部性状均与受体存在显著差异。进一步通过日本晴与Z746杂交构建的次级F2群体共检测到36个相关QTL,分布于2号、3号、4号、6号和11号染色体。其中5个可能与已克隆基因等位,如qPH3-1等, 8个可被多次检出,表明这些是遗传稳定的主效QTL。Z746的粒长主要由4个QTL(qGL3、qGL4、qGL2、qGL6)控制,其中qGL3和qGL4对粒长变异的贡献率分别为60.28%和27.47%。株高由5个QTL控制,穗长由4个QTL控制,每穗粒数由2个QTL控制,千粒重由2个QTL控制。然后以MAS在F3共选出8个单片段代换系,并以此在F4进行了相关QTL验证,共有24个QTL可被8个单片段代换系(SSSL)检出,重复检出率为66.7%,表明这些QTL遗传稳定。本研究为目的 QTL的进一步... 相似文献
17.
Field experiments were performed in two successive seasons at the Experimental Station, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt, on the Egyptian cotton cultivar Giza 75 ( Gossypium barbadense L.). Cotton plants were sprayed with the growth regulator 1-naphthaleneace acid (NAA) once (at 90 days), or twice (at 90 and 105 days) or thrice (90, 105 and 120 days) after sowing, during the square initiation and boiling stage at the concentrations of 5, 10, 15, 20 or 25 p.p.m. The volume of solution was the same for all treatments. 9601 ha−1 . The control plants were sprayed with water only. The effect of the previous treatments on yield components, cotton yield and fibre properties was studied.
The application of NAA increased the number of opened bolls plant−1 , boll weight, seed index, seed cotton yield plant−1 and seed cotton and lint yields ha−1 . The most significant effects were obtained with the 15 and 20 p.p.m. concentrations. Lint percentage, fibre length parameters and micronaire value were not significantly affected by NAA. Flat bundle strength was significantly affected by NAA but with no definite trend. The application of NAA twice or thrice tended to give the best results on yield components and cotton yield compared with one application. The results of this study suggested that 20 p.p.m. of NAA gave the best figures when applied twice on the Egyptian cotton plants. 相似文献
The application of NAA increased the number of opened bolls plant
18.
河南省棉花纤维主要品质指标分析及分区探讨 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
根据2002年国家棉花品种区试黄河流域棉花品种区域试验数据和河南省棉花质量检测中心抽样数据,分析棉花长度、比强度、麦克隆值等纤维品质指标。将河南省的植棉区分为豫东、豫东南、豫西南、豫北4个分区。这些分区间的纤维品质指标存在显著差异。国家区试数据和河南省棉花质量中心抽样数据结果基本一致。区试数据结果:纤维长度、比强度、麦克隆值3项指标豫东最优,豫东南优于豫北。豫东的纤维长度为30.30mm,较豫北的28.96mm长1.34mm;麦克隆值较豫北小1.23,较豫东南小0.51。河南省抽样数结果为豫东较优,豫北区欠佳,豫西南的纤维偏粗。总体上看河南省的棉花纤维品质集中在中档棉这一档次,要提高棉花纤维品质,需要在比强度和纤维长度上加强。 相似文献
19.
[Objective] The purpose of this study was to map QTLs for yield, maturity, and fiber quality traits of cotton interspecific hybrid populations and to mine favorable alleles from the cotton genome for QTL fine mapping, gene cloning, and molecular marker-assisted selection. [Method] Four BC1F1 populations, E(E3), E(3E), (E3)E, and (3E)E, were developed by crossing sea island cotton 3-79 (\"3\") and upland cotton 'Emian 22' (\"E\"), and with \"Emian 22\" as the recurrent parent. BC1F2 populations derived from BC1F1 populations were phenotyped to allow mapping of QTLs for yield-, maturity-, and fiber quality-related traits on chromosomes showing segregation distortion. [Result] A normal distribution test indicated that six fiber quality-related traits, except for the micronaire value in E (E3) and the short fiber ratio in all populations, followed a normal distribution pattern; in contrast, earliness-related traits were not normally distributed in all populations, which suggests that genotype-environment interactions have strong effects on maturity-related traits. Using composite interval mapping, 47 QTLs were detected on three chromosomes (2, 16, and 18): 15 in (E3)E, 13 in (3E)E, 12 in E(E3), and 7 in E(3E), with the phenotypic variation explained (PVE) ranging from 8.8%–30.9%. A total of 27 fiber-related QTLs were discovered, with the PVE ranging from 9.0%–30.9%. Five yield-related QTLs (PVE = 8.8%–17.4%) and 13 maturity-related QTLs (PVE = 9.4%–19.4%) were also identified. [Conclusion] Comparison analysis showed that most QTLs in our study were consistent with the MetaQTL, including QTLs for boll weight, fiber length, fiber length uniformity, lint percentage, and micronaire value on chromosome 2; QTLs for fiber length, fiber strength, and fiber length uniformity on chromosome 16; and QTLs for boll weight, date of boll opening, fiber length, fiber strength, fiber length uniformity, and micronaire value on chromosome 18. Several detected QTLs in our study were not found in the MetaQTL, such as QTLs for date of boll opening and lint percentage on chromosome 16 and a QTL for the date from seedling to flowering stages on chromosome 18. These newly identified QTLs may provide novel insights for cotton QTL analysis. 相似文献
20.
Summary The variety Roazon possesses genes for resistance to eyespot including that on the 7D chromosome transferred from Aegilops ventricosa. In order to assess the level of resistance due to the latter, we developed the intervarietal substitution for the 7D chromosome of Roazon into Courtot which is very susceptible to eyespot. As Roazon contains Aegilops ventricosa cytoplasm, the substitution lines were produced both with wheat and Aegilops cytoplasm. Resistance was assessed at the seedling and the adult plant stage. No cytoplasmic effect was observed. The substitution lines were as resistant as Roazon. This shows that the chromosome 7D genes for resistance introduced from Aegilops ventricosa result in a high level of resistance in wheat. 相似文献