2015年看饲料行业『七十二变』

<正>经历了2014年的阵痛期,2015年成为饲料行业进入转型期的关键一年。纵观整个产业链:原料——饲料——养殖,这一系列环节在过去的一年中遭受沉痛打击,大宗市场最为重要的两种原料玉米和豆粕价格持续走低,尽管临储收购政策对东北玉米稍有支撑,销区市场整体惨淡;豆粕价格更是一跌再跌。饲料市场产销也是差强人意,本该出现在第四季度的销售旺季却迟迟未到来。养殖业用旺季不旺亦可形容。生猪销售清淡、疫情加速养殖户出栏,价格持续下跌。2015年原料、饲料及畜牧养殖市场能否走出低迷?答案是肯定的。2015年饲料原料市场存在转机国内豆粕价格自去年11月初开始持续下跌:主导因素一是进口大豆持续到港,供应宽松。二是消费需求低     

豌豆和豌豆副产品的营养特性及其在动物饲料中的应用

当前饲料蛋白源紧缺,豆粕、玉米以及其他各类杂粕原料价格飙升,畜禽养殖业及水产养殖业压力倍增,开发和利用新型非常规饲料原料至关重要.豌豆生长周期短、适应性强,营养价值高,资源丰富,价格适中,作为豆粕、玉米等原料的替代物,可有效降低饲料成本.本文综述了豌豆和豌豆副产品的营养特性及其在畜禽与水产养殖中的应用研究进展,以期为豌...     

国内饲料养殖业持续复苏 推动豆粕震荡上行

<正>近期受美豆涨势和国内养殖业持续复苏等带动,豆粕仍将震荡上行。国内饲料养殖业持续复苏7～9月是国内畜禽养殖旺季,养殖企业为后期节日做准备会大幅增加猪鸡等投栏率,而受国家收储政策支撑,猪肉价格自前期低点稳步回升,养殖效益的改善将促进国内饲料养殖业持续复     

2019年饲料粮市场供需形势回顾与展望

2019年非洲猪瘟疫情严重冲击生猪养殖行业,尽管禽类养殖较为积极,但饲料总产量仍下滑,饲料粮消费需求减少。2020年生猪养殖有望逐渐恢复,玉米饲用消费可能维持上年水平,豆粕消费小幅增加。中美两国经贸关系改善,美国大豆出口前景预期看好,预计国际大豆价格反弹将带动国内豆粕价格上涨;临储玉米库存充足,拍卖底价仍是影响下年度玉米市场价格的重要因素。     

饲料

广东首个猪饲料成本指数“保险+期货”创新项目落地猪饲料成本是影响生猪养殖效益的关键因素。玉米和豆粕是生猪饲料的主要原料,但国内外市场环境变化往往导致玉米、豆粕价格波动频繁,阻碍养殖企业持续稳定盈利。而猪饲料成本价格指数“保险+期货”项目的实施,为养殖企业及农户规避成本上涨风险提供了一种全新解决方案,正在行业内迅速兴起。     

饲料价格涨饲料企业三季度业绩无忧

近期养殖业景气度不断下滑,豆粕、玉米、鱼粉等饲料原料价格却在持续上扬。在如此混乱的局势中,饲料企业却成为了暂时的受益者。据多家饲料生产企业预披露信息,今年上半年业绩同比将出现大幅上涨。农林牧渔业研究人士表示,目前肉禽存栏量较大,淡水养殖恢复情况较好决定了饲料的需求情况较好。近期水产养殖又将进入投料旺季,因此可判断饲料行业前三季度的业绩相对有保证。     

全豆粕替代物(SSM)在生长育肥猪饲养中的应用及经济效益分析

豆粕是动物养殖的主要蛋白饲料，但其价格居高不下。本项研究旨在研制一种复合蛋白饲料作为豆粕的代用品，以降低饲料成本，保证饲料的正常生产和销售，促进养殖业的健康发展。     

国内首个生猪养殖收益“保险+期货”项目理赔仪式举办

近日,中国人民财产保险股份有限公司大连市分公司(以下简称“人保财险大连市分公司”)与中投天琪期货有限公司(以下简称“中投天琪期货”)共同举办的生猪养殖期货收益保险理赔仪式暨产品推介会在大连普兰店顺利举行。据了解,人保财险大连市分公司与中投天琪期货联合推出的生猪养殖收益“保险+期货”项目是国内首个通过期货市场保障生猪养殖户净收益的农业保险,覆盖普兰店地区1家养殖企业和2个养殖农户,合计承保2550头育肥猪。由于玉米和豆粕是猪饲料的主要成份,因此在产品设计中加入了玉米期货、豆粕期货约定时期相应的合约价格要素,经换算,大约可对应玉米和豆粕的现货量分别为550吨和170吨。     

金融风暴下农牧企业风险管理

最近几年，国内豆粕和玉米市场价格波动剧烈，由于中国经济高速发展，消费水平的提高和消费结构的转变，导致肉、蛋、奶、禽的消费量逐年增长，拉动了饲料用豆粕和玉米的需求。目前，中国榨油用大豆主要靠进口的现实，决定了中国的榨油用大豆价格主要取决于国际市场大豆的价格，进口大豆成本很大程度上决定了下游产品尤其是豆粕的销售价格，而畜禽养殖业成本的70％-80％是来自饲料成本，因此，豆粕和玉米的价格变化将直接反应到养殖业成本当中，续而影响养殖业的健康发展。     

黑龙江：豆粕购销稳定

3月上旬，豆粕购销数量小幅回升，部分地区豆粕价格稳中上涨。据对哈尔滨、齐齐哈尔、绥化、佳木斯等地养殖业及饲料加工企业的调查，虽然近期猪肉、鸡蛋价格回落，但养殖企业存栏、补栏、处于调整和回升阶段，市场对豆粕及饲料的需求并没有减少。据调查监测，     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.     

不同样本商品蜂蜜中硒含量的测定

用硝酸和高氯酸消化蜂蜜,使硒游离出来,在微酸性环境下,硒和2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)生成有较强荧光的物质,用环己烷萃取,在激发波长378nm,荧光波长518nm处测定其荧光强度。蜂蜜中硒含量范围:0.10～0.82μg/g。表明:蜂蜜应视为天然富硒营养品。     

乳酸杆菌益生作用机制的研究进展

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物。本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制。乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道。文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分（表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖）与肠道受体（Ｃ型凝集素受体、Ｔｏｌｌ样受体和 Ｎｏｄ样受体）,阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制。     

中华人民共和国农业部公告 第267号

为贯彻落实《兽药生产质量管理规范》(简称《兽药GMP》),进一步推动兽药GMP实施进程,我部制定了《兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法》,现予公告。本公告自2003年6月1日起施行。附件:兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法二○○三年四月十日第一章 总则 第一条 为推动《兽药生产质量管理规范》(以下简称兽药GMP)的实施,规范兽药GMP检查验收工作,制定本办法。 第二条 农业部负责全国兽药GMP管理和检查验收工作;负责制修订兽药GMP检查验收管理规定;负责兽药GMP检查员队伍建设和监督管理工作,负责国际兽药贸易中GMP互认工作。 …     

鸡败血支原体垂直传播模式及其阻断方法

以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.