Influence of simulated rainfall on efficacy of fluazinam,chlorothalonil and iprodione for dollar spot control in creeping bentgrass

Efficacy of foliar applied fungicides following simulated rainfall for the control of dollar spot (caused by Sclerotinia homoeocarpa F.T. Bennett) was assessed in a two-year field study on creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera L.) turf maintained as a golf course fairway. The study was conducted as a randomized complete block design with a factorial arrangement. Fluazinam (0.8 kg a.i. ha⁻¹), chlorothalonil (3.79 kg a.i. ha⁻¹) or iprodione (1.5 kg a.i. ha⁻¹) were applied, then subjected to simulated rainfall (2.54-mm) at intervals of 15-, 30-, 60-min post-application, or no simulated rain. In most cases, simulated rainfall occurring ≤60 min post-application had greater disease than no rain plots; however, few differences occurred among rainfall intervals ≤60 min. Fluazinam provided the greatest dollar spot reduction regardless of simulated rainfall interval throughout the study. Chlorothalonil was most susceptible to losses in efficacy due to simulated rainfall, resulting in the greatest disease incidence of those fungicides evaluated. Iprodione was comparable to chlorothalonil during high disease pressure, although during moderate disease pressure it controlled dollar spot for approximately 7 days before disease increased in plots receiving simulated rain compared to those without simulated rain. These data demonstrate that efficacy of fungicides applied for dollar spot control are affected by rain, and differ in their ability to control disease following post-application rain events. Fluazinam, a recently introduced contact fungicide for use on turfgrass, can provide improved control compared to chlorothalonil or iprodione when rain is eminent.     

Application of acibenzolar-S-methyl and standard fungicides for control of Phytophthora blight on squash

A plant systemic acquired resistance inducer, acibenzolar-S-methyl (ASM), was evaluated to determine the efficacy for suppression of Phytophthora blight of squash caused by Phytophthora capsici under field conditions. ASM was applied as foliar sprays before and after transplanting at rates of 17.5, 8.8, and 4.4 g a.i. ha⁻¹. Application of ASM did not significantly reduce final Phytophthora blight incidences in 2 out of 3 field experiments; however, area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC) values were reduced significantly by ASM in all experiments conducted. Disease suppression by the three application rates of ASM was not significantly different. To determine the effect of application of ASM in conjunction with standard chemical fungicides, ASM was applied with mefenoxam (Ridomil Gold), copper hydroxide, and mandipropamid (Revus). AUDPC values and final disease incidences were consistently lower in field plots treated by the combination of ASM and standard fungicides than applications of these chemicals alone. Application of ASM resulted in significantly higher squash yield than the non-treated control in 2 of 3 experiments and plots treated with the combined use of ASM and standard fungicides produced the highest yields. These results suggest that ASM may induce plant resistance under field conditions, providing suppression of Phytophthora blight of squash, and that there may be some benefit to the integration of ASM and standard chemical fungicides.     

Synergy of cymoxanil and mancozeb when used to control potato late blight

Summary Synergism between fungicides could be used to reduce the application dosage. Synergism between cymoxanil and mancozeb was studied using potted potato plants under field conditions. In three experiments the preventive efficacy of the fungicides and fungicide mixtures in the treatments were studied using a bio-assay. Potato plants were sprayed with the fungicides or fungicide mixtures. Leaves were picked from the potato plants with regular intervals after fungicide application. The efficacy of the fungicides was studied in a bioassay by inoculating the leaves withPhytophthora infestans zoosporangia. The Abbot method was used to show synergistic effects of the cymoxanil/mancozeb mixtures tested. In two of three experiments synergy of the fungicide mixtures was found.     

九种杀菌剂对Fusarium verticillioides和F.graminearum毒力及玉米穗腐病的防治效果

采用含毒介质法分别测定玉米穗腐病菌禾谷镰孢菌和拟轮枝镰孢菌对9种药剂的敏感性,在田间进行防治玉米穗腐病的药效试验,综合评价化学和生物药剂以及不同施药处理对玉米穗腐病的防治效果。室内毒力测定结果表明,9种药剂在一定浓度下对玉米穗腐病均有毒力作用,10%苯醚甲环唑、70%甲基托布津对禾谷镰孢菌毒力较强;70%甲基托布津对轮枝镰刀菌毒力较强,10%苯醚甲环唑次之。田间药效试验结果表明,50%异菌脲可湿性粉剂防效为92.3%,5%井冈霉素为80.64%;且先接菌后喷药的防治效果优于先喷药后接菌处理。     

Efficacy and timing of application of fungicides for plum rust control in Turkey

Little information is available regarding the efficacy and timing of modern fungicides for the control of plum rust. In this study, modern fungicides, including triazoles, strobilurins, and benzimidazoles, and a classic fungicide (chlorothalonil) were tested under both greenhouse and field experiments. Excellent disease control was obtained by the pre-inoculation application of all fungicides in the greenhouse experiments. However, only triazoles (tebuconazole, difenoconazole, flusilazole and hexaconazole) were effective when applied up to 6 or 7 days after inoculation. Unexpectedly, strobilurins (azoxystrobin and trifloxystrobin) and benzimidazoles (thiophanate-methyl and carbendazim) were not effective when applied at any time after inoculation. In field experiments, early-season fungicide applications effectively inhibited primary infections; however, these applications provided no apparent benefit in preventing secondary infections and premature leaf fall later in the season. All fungicides provided better control over the season and significantly reduced premature leaf fall when applied immediately after rust pustules (uredinia) were first observed. It is suggested that all fungicides tested in this study can be used for plum rust control. Disease monitoring data indicated that disease severity remained low throughout May but dramatically increased in early June. Mid-May is evidently the best time to initiate fungicide sprays against rust on plums; the spray should be applied before or when rust pustules are first observed and when rust is present at low severity.     

Field validation of four decision support systems for the control of late blight of potatoes in Ireland

Summary Field experiments using two cultivars (Rooster and King Edward) were carried out between 2001 and 2003 to compare the efficacy of the NegFry, Simphyt, ProPhy and Plant-Plus decision support systems (DSS) with routine 7-day fluazinam treatment for the control of potato late blight. Compared with the routine control, the NegFry and SimPhyt programmes resulted in a 58-44% reduction in application frequency. The ProPhy and Plant-Plus programmes resulted in more modest savings of between 10 and 25%. The date of disease onset was not significantly different between routine programmes and DSS programmes irrespective of the cultivar. None of the DSS’s resulted in inferior foliage blight control when compared with the routine application of fluazinam. DSS programmes generally out-yielded the routine treatment but differences were not significant. All DSS programmes give equivalent tuber blight control to the routine programme even with a very tuber blight susceptible cultivar.     

吉林省玉米根腐镰孢菌种类鉴定和防治药剂筛选

通过形态学和分子生物学方法对2016年采自吉林省36个村镇的玉米根腐病样品进行镰孢菌分离和鉴定,并通过田间试验筛选有效药剂。结果发现,共分离获得84株镰孢菌,主要包括尖孢镰孢、禾谷镰孢、拟轮枝镰孢、层出镰孢、三线镰孢等11种镰孢菌,其中尖孢镰孢平均分离频率最高,为45.2%;其次是禾谷镰孢,平均分离频率为20.2%。从分布区域看,尖孢镰孢是白城、吉林、辽源和通化地区玉米根腐病的主要致病菌,分离频率分别为75%、54.5%、85.7%和45.5%;禾谷镰孢是松原和四平地区玉米根腐病的主要致病菌,分离频率分别为41.7%和41.7%。田间试验表明,5种药剂的防治效果为16.35%～81.26%,药种比为10 g/kg的10%咯菌腈悬浮种衣剂对玉米根腐病防治效果最好,防效达81.26%。吉林省玉米根腐病的主要病原菌为尖孢镰孢,药种比为10 g/kg的10%咯菌腈悬浮种衣剂可用于玉米根腐病的田间防治。     

Application of fungicides to reduce yield loss in anthracnose-infected lupins

A range of fungicides were evaluated for control of anthracnose (Colletotrichum lupini) in lupin. Glasshouse investigation identified fungicides that reduced disease severity with varying degrees of efficacy. When applied 1 d prior to infection, azoxystrobin, chlorothalonil, mancozeb and copper oxychloride fungicides were highly effective. Systemic fungicides such as tebuconazole, benomyl and carbendazim were less effective. Application timing was important; fungicides such as chlorothalonil and mancozeb were less effective when applied 5 d prior to infection compared with 1 d prior. Application after infection was ineffective for all fungicides. In field experiments application of azoxystrobin, mancozeb or chlorothalonil during flowering and podding reduced incidence of anthracnose infection on pods. Yield responses occurred in moderately susceptible, moderately resistant or resistant cultivars. Seed infection was reduced but not eradicated. Application of foliar fungicides for anthracnose control is potentially a viable management option for lupin production in high anthracnose risk areas of Western Australia.     

Performance of Dimethomorph + Mancozeb Applied to Seed Potatoes in Early Management of Late Blight (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Phytophthora infestans</Emphasis>)

Treating seed potatoes with contact fungicides prevents infection of Phytophthora infestans from tuber to tuber during handling but does not prevent field infections in the young plant. Dimethomorph (DMM) 9% + mancozeb 60% (Acrobat MZ, BASF) can cover both aspects due to the contact and systemic action of mancozeb and DMM, respectively. Experiments were performed under greenhouse and field conditions (three seasons and two locations) with cvs Kennebec, Shepody, Spunta, Russet Burbank, and Ranger Russet. Immediately after cutting, seed pieces were treated with Acrobat MZ at doses equivalent to 2, 3, and 4 kg ha⁻¹. At any dose, Acrobat MZ protected healthy seed tubers against P. infestans infections. Acrobat MZ (4 kg ha⁻¹) also protected the foliage of all cultivars against artificial inoculation of P. infestans, assessed by the detached-leaf method. These effects were observed up to 30 days after emergence in greenhouse experiments and up to 28 days after crop emergence under field conditions in two growing seasons. In cv Spunta, significant foliage protection was observed up to 35 days after field emergence whereas in seed tubers of cv Kennebec planted in sandy soils, significant foliage protection persisted longer. Additional evidence for acropetal translocation of Acrobat MZ in field crops was also found. With this strategy, there is no need to apply contact or systemic fungicides early in the season, and spraying costs and environmental risks are also reduced.     

Chemical management of Fusarium wilt of watermelon

Watermelon yield loss due to Fusarium wilt is increasing in the U.S., due in part to the emergence of the virulent race 2 of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum, and to the shift in production to triploid cultivars, which generally have less host resistance than previously grown diploid cultivars. One potential management strategy is the use of soil-applied fungicides to reduce Fusarium wilt. The U.S. national program, interregional project 4 (IR-4) supported multistate trials of soil-applied chemicals to manage Fusarium wilt of watermelon. Greenhouse trials were conducted in Maryland, Indiana and Georgia to test the efficacy of 14 chemicals on Fusarium wilt. Based on the performance of these chemicals in the greenhouse, six in Maryland and Delaware and eight in Indiana were selected for subsequent field evaluations. These chemicals were applied once, as a drench at planting, in field trials in Maryland, Indiana, and Delaware in 2008. The fungicides prothioconazole, acibenzolar-S-methyl, and thiophanate-methyl resulted in the greatest reduction in Fusarium wilt, and caused no phytotoxicity. In Maryland and Indiana in 2009, these chemicals were applied through the drip irrigation line alone and in combination, at 0, 2 and 4 weeks after planting. The experiment was repeated in 2010 in Maryland. Prothioconazole alone and in combination with acibenzolar-S-methyl or/and thiophanate-methyl resulted in the greatest decrease in the area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC) of Fusarium wilt of watermelon in Maryland in 2009. The same trend was observed in 2010 in Maryland where three of the prothioconazole treatments ranked the lowest of all treatments and prothioconazole in combination with thiophanate-methyl had significantly lower Fusarium wilt AUDPC compared to the non-treated control. All chemical applications except for acibenzolar-S-methyl in combination with prothioconazole reduced Fusarium wilt AUDPC in Indiana in 2009. Prothioconazole alone and prothioconazole in combination with thiophanate-methyl ranked lowest in Fusarium wilt AUDPC, although not significantly lower than most other treatments. These studies are the first to demonstrate that the soil-applied fungicides prothioconazole and thiophanate-methyl may provide an additional field management option for Fusarium wilt of watermelon.     

Effects of a range of fungicides used to control rust (Uromyces viciae-fabae) on spring-sown field beans (Vicia faba) in the UK

In two years a range of fungicides was used to control rust (Uromyces viciae-fabae) on spring-sown field beans (Vicia faba). In 1984 fenpropimorph, maneb, mancozeb, maneb plus mancozeb, propiconazole, thiram, triadimefon and zineb-polyethylene thiuram disulphide plus tridemorph were applied once or twice and compared with no fungicide. In 1985 the experiment was repeated with the addition of benodanil. In 1984 there was very little rust or other foliar disease and the effects of treatments on yield were small. In 1985 rust was first found in late June and became severe on untreated plots in August. All the fungicides reduced the incidence of rust but the amount of control differed with frequency of application and on different dates of disease assessment. In 1985 chocolate spot (Botrytis fabae) also became severe in late August. All the fungicides reduced chocolate spot but maneb plus mancozeb was the most effective. In 1985 yields were increased from 5 · 6 to 7 · 7 t/ha by maneb plus mancozeb applied once. Other fungicides gave smaller yield increases. Yield increases given were attributable mainly to control of rust but partly to control of chocolate spot. Yield increases given by non-systemic fungicides came mainly from increases in the weight of individual grains; those yield increases given by systemic materials came, in addition, from better pod retention.     

Evaluation of fungicides to control Petri disease pathogens in the grapevine propagation process

The efficacy of fourteen selected fungicides against Phaeomoniella chlamydospora and Phaeoacremonium aleophilum was evaluated in vitro by mycelial growth and conidial germination assays. Azoxystrobin, carbendazim and tebuconazole were the most effective fungicides against P. chlamydospora, while carbendazim and didecyldimethylammonium chloride were the most effective against P. aleophilum. An assay was also conducted with cubiet, hydroxyquinoline sulphate and didecyldimethylammonium chloride to determine their potential to prevent infections caused by these pathogens during the hydration stage in grapevine propagation. The results of this experiment demonstrated that P. chlamydospora and P. aleophilum were able to infect healthy cuttings during the hydration stage and showed that didecyldimethylammonium chloride was consistently the best treatment as a disinfectant soak for grapevine cuttings. Additionally, semi-commercial trials were conducted in two grapevine nurseries to evaluate the effectiveness of several strategies with carbendazim, flusilazole and hydroxyquinoline sulphate at different nursery stages. Soaking planting material in carbendazim during the hydration stage was the most effective treatment since neither P. chlamydospora nor P. aleophilum were isolated from planting material in either nursery.     

Efficacy of Rheum officinale liquid formulation on cucumber powdery mildew

Rheum officinale liquid formulation, the ethanol extract from roots of R. officinale Baill., formulated as physcion 5 g l⁻¹ aqueous solution (AS), has been commercialized in China for controlling cucumber powdery mildew (Podosphaera xanthii (Castagne) U. Braun & Shishkoff). The efficacy of the product was evaluated in pot tests under controlled conditions and in open and protected fields in China over 2 years. In most trials, the efficacy reached above 80% at the rates of 10–50 mg a.i l⁻¹ water after three applications and at the rates of 20–50 mg a.i l⁻¹ water after two applications. The cucumber fruit yield in the product treatment was as many or more as triadimefon treatment, and over 53.1% compared to the untreated control. These results showed that Chinese rhubarb extract could be an effective alternative plant protecting agent in the integrated and biological management of cucumber powdery mildew.     

可溶性硅和杀菌剂对禾谷镰孢活性影响及田间药效试验

以禾谷镰孢菌为研究对象,在室内测定不同浓度可溶性硅和不同杀菌剂及其互配对禾谷镰孢菌生长的影响。结果表明,可溶性硅浓度越大,对禾谷镰孢菌的抑制率越高,1 666.7 mg/L硅处理后对禾谷镰孢菌的抑制率达30.3%。40%咯菌腈·氟唑菌酰羟胺(0.008 mg/L)对禾谷镰孢菌的毒力最强(EC₅₀=0.008 mg/L),可溶性硅与40%咯菌腈·氟唑菌酰羟胺混配可明显降低对禾谷镰孢菌的抑制率,降幅为8.7%～12.87%;可溶性硅与5%香芹酚按不同比例混配对禾谷镰孢菌互作效应不同;可溶性硅与其他四种杀菌剂混配都能促进对禾谷镰孢菌的抑制。田间药效试验表明,除40%咯菌腈·氟唑菌酰羟胺外,其他5种杀菌剂与硅肥混合喷施防效和产量都高于单喷,其中,混合喷施2 000 mg/L可溶性硅肥+25%吡唑醚菌酯防效最好,增产最高。     

Fungicide efficacy of dry bean white mold [Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary,causal organism] and economic analysis at moderate to high disease pressure

White mold [Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary, causal organism] is an economically damaging disease of dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Producers often require fungicides to control moderate to high disease levels. Evaluation of fungicide efficacy and cost is critical to make cognisant management decisions. Four field studies were conducted at the Huron Research Station, near Exeter, Ontario in 2012 and 2013. Commercially available synthetic fungicides and a biofungicide seed treatment were evaluated for efficacy in suppressing white mold of dry bean and a subsequent economic analysis was conducted. Area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC) was calculated using disease intensity (incidence × severity) ratings. The untreated control and biofungicide seed treatment had the highest AUDPC values, and in addition to the two applications of the low rate of fluxapyroxad + pyraclostrobin and two applications of penthiopyrad, had the lowest yields. The most efficacious products with regard to disease suppression and yield response were two applications of boscalid, all rates of fluazinam and thiophanate-methyl, and two applications of the high rate of fluopyram + prothioconazole. Two applications of the high rate of fluazinam had the lowest AUDPC, which was nearly 60% lower than the untreated control. Two applications of the high rate of thiophanate-methyl was the highest yielding treatment, recovering 70% of yield lost from untreated plots. Economic impacts varied with planting dates. For the first planting, profit margins for all fungicide treatments, with the exception of two applications of penthiopyrad, two applications of the low rate of fluxapyroxad + pyraclostrobin, and the biofungicide seed treatment, were significantly greater than the untreated control. For the second planting, only profit margins for all fluazinam treatments were significantly greater than the untreated control. This study identifies new economically viable fungicide options for dry bean producers to control white mold.     

药剂拌种对花生苗期的影响及田间蛴螬防效评价

为研究花生常用拌种药剂的苗期安全性及田间防效,采用盆栽法测定了3种杀虫剂拌种在不同温度、土壤湿度和播种深度对花生出苗率及生长指标的影响。综合比较得出安全性依次为毒死蜱＞氟虫腈＞吡虫啉;分别加入4种杀菌剂混配拌种后发现,出苗率和其它生长指标均有所提高,其中萎锈•福美双效果最好。田间试验得出：毒死蜱单独拌种具有较高的杀虫增产效果,加入杀菌剂有一定的增效;吡虫啉与萎锈•福美双混配拌种可提高出苗率及防虫效果,增产率为53.59%;氟虫腈拌种后防虫效果较差,与4种杀菌剂混配后增效不显著。     

不同杀菌剂在麦穗中的消解动态及对小麦赤霉病防效评估

为探明不同杀菌剂对小麦赤霉病及籽粒DON的防效,分别检测6种杀菌剂对亚洲镰刀菌（F.asiaticum）的室内毒力,采用超高效液相色谱－串联质谱法（UPLC-MS/MS）分别检测、分析了6种杀菌剂施药1次和2次在麦穗中的消解动态及其对小麦赤霉病和籽粒DON的防效。结果表明,6种杀菌剂对亚洲镰刀菌菌丝生长抑制度表现为咪鲜胺>戊唑醇>氰烯菌酯>氟唑菌酰羟胺>吡唑醚菌酯>嘧菌酯。6种杀菌剂在麦穗中消解动态均符合一级动力学方程,50%咪鲜胺WP、430 g·L^-1戊唑醇SC、25%氰烯菌酯SC、200 g·L^-1氟唑菌酰羟胺SC、250 g·L^-1吡唑醚菌酯EC和250 g·L^-1嘧菌酯SC施药1次消解半衰期分别为2.081 5、3.094 4、2.365 7、3.026 8、3.209 0和3.136 4 d,施药2次消解半衰期分别为2.044 7、3.332 4、2.529 7、3.397 8、3.300 7和3.179 6 d。200 g·L^-1氟唑菌酰羟胺SC施药1次和2次病指防效分别为85.96%和94.88%,DON防效分别为81.43%和88.91%。430 g·L^-1戊唑醇SC、25%氰烯菌酯SC和50%咪鲜胺WP施药1次和2次病指防效分别为61.48%~73.62%和75.33%~86.15%,DON防效分别为53.88%~69.70%和60.09%~79.45%。250 g·L^-1吡唑醚菌酯EC和250 g·L^-1嘧菌酯SC施药1次病指防效分别为63.76%和50.47%,DON防效分别为41.03%和-28.95%;施药2次病指防效分别为79.51%和61.10%,DON防效分别为52.75%和-18.08%。综上所述,氟唑菌酰羟胺对赤霉病和籽粒DON防效最佳,而吡唑醚菌酯和嘧菌酯对小麦赤霉病和籽粒DON防效不突出,甚至增加毒素污染。     

Assessing the tolerance toGlobodera pallida of resistant potato genotypes by means of field and pot tests

Summary The tolerance toGlobodera pallida of 15 potato genotypes with a high level of resistance toG. pallida was assessed by measuring their tuber yield in heavily infested fields and in nematicide treated strips in the same fields. Tolerance was also assessed in pots in the glasshouse by measuring the total biomass after 35 and 70 days growth in heavilyG. pallida infested soil and in uninfested soil. Large differences in tolerance between the genotypes were observed. High correlations were observed between tolerance assessments made in the field experiments and between field and pot experiments. No relationship was found between tolerance and maturity. Shoot and root dry weight were about equally affected by the nematode.     

Effects of Ammonium Chloride Fertilizer and its Application Stage on Cadmium Concentrations in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Grain

Abstract

Chloride (Cl) in saline soil increases the cadmium (Cd) concentration in crops. Here, we conducted a field experiment to investigate changes in Cd concentrations in wheat grain after the application of the Cl-containing fertilizer ammonium chloride (NH₄Cl), with the aim of reducing its potential health risk. Effects of the application stage of NH₄Cl fertilizer and leaching treatment (i.e., heavy rainfall) were also investigated in field and pot experiments. Both field and pot experiments showed that the Cd concentration of wheat grain was higher with NH₄Cl fertilizer than with ammonium sulfate or urea fertilizers. Grain Cd concentration in wheat fertilized with NH₄Cl at the tillering–jointing and flowering stages in the field experiment was 0.223 mg kg^–1, which was about 1.5 times higher than that fertilized with urea. This finding is important because, in Japan, compound fertilizers containing NH₄Cl are commonly used in fields for wheat cultivation. NH₄Cl fertilizer application at the tillering–jointing and flowering stages had nearly equal effects on the Cd concentration in wheat grain. Basal dressing with NH₄Cl fertilizer increased Cd concentrations in wheat grain to a greater extent than topdressing (at thetillering–jointing and flowering stage applications) in a pot experiment that was protected from rain. Leaching treatment (assuming two lots of 100 mm rainfall) negated the effect of NH₄Cl fertilizer application on Cd concentration in wheat grain. We recommend the use of ammonium sulfate or urea preferentially as the nitrogen fertilizer because heavy rainfall rarely occurs during this period in Japan.     

Chemical control of Cylindrocladium and Rhizoctonia root rots in blueberry propagation

Cylindrocladium and Rhizoctonia root rots, caused by Cylindrocladium parasiticum and binucleate Rhizoctonia spp., respectively, are common soilborne diseases observed during blueberry propagation in Georgia, USA. Six trials with artificially inoculated propagation medium were completed in a shade-house to determine the efficacy of select fungicides to control these diseases. For Cylindrocladium root rot, two trials with single-drench fungicide applications were made at the time the cuttings (southern highbush blueberry cultivar Rebel) were stuck. In two additional trials, a second drench application was added two weeks later. In all trials, fludioxonil (Medallion) significantly reduced lesion incidence and lesion length. Neither triflumizole (Terraguard) nor thiophanate-methyl (Cleary's 3336) consistently reduced lesion incidence with one application, indicating that a single application of these materials was not sufficient for disease suppression. The second fungicide application improved disease control for all fungicides. However, fludioxonil always performed statistically better than thiophanate-methyl and numerically better than triflumizole as indicated by lesion incidence, lesion length and girdling incidence. For Rhizoctonia root rot, two trials were completed, each with two fungicide applications (when cuttings were stuck and 2 weeks later). Fludioxonil and azoxystrobin (Heritage) significantly reduced lesion incidence and lesion length in both trials. Flutolanil (Prostar) reduced lesion incidence in both trials and also reduced lesion length in the second trial. Pending labeling for this use pattern, fludioxonil, which has provided good control of both diseases in our trials, may form the basis of a fungicide rotation program to supplement sanitation practices for managing Cylindrocladium and Rhizoctonia root rots in blueberry propagation.