共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 218 毫秒
1.
研究了核桃楸树皮丙酮-水提取物的水溶性萃取部位的化学成分。采用Sephadex LH-20柱色谱及薄层色谱等方法进行分离,经波谱分析及理化性质测定,鉴定了6个化合物:没食子酸(1)、鞣花酸(2)、1,2,6-三没食子酰葡萄糖(3)、1,3,6-三没食子酰葡萄糖(4)、1,2,4,6-四没食子酰葡萄糖(5)及1,2,3,4,6-五没食子酰葡萄糖(6)。化合物2、4、6为首次从该植物中分得。 相似文献
2.
3.
柠檬桉叶化学成分研究(四报)——单宁组分研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
从柠檬桉叶醇提取物中分离和鉴定了倍酸,鞣花酸和栗木鞣花素等化合物。研究表明柠檬桉叶单宁为鞣花单宁类化合物,并有较多的C-甙类鞣花单宁,这类单宁系首次从桉树属植物发现。 相似文献
4.
5.
6.
研究了不同甘、涩类型柿果实单宁类成分的季节变化,与甘涩性状的关系以及罗田甜柿可溶性单宁含量、单宁组分和单宁细胞的特性。鲜样分析结果表明:完全甜柿(PC甘)类品种在果实发育初期具有较高含量的儿茶素,且在果实生长过程中降幅明显小于不完全甜柿(PV甘)涩柿(PC涩),到9月25日,其含量平均高出后两类品种2.89倍。PV甘和PC涩中没食子酸(GA)含量在果实发育期间始终高于PC甘类品种,最高时分别比同期 相似文献
7.
以秘鲁原产塔拉粉为原料,以矿业生产用硫酸锌锗前液的沉锗率为指标,探讨塔拉单宁的提取、纯化、提取物后处理等条件对提高单宁沉锗率的影响。结果表明:以塔拉粉为原料,有机溶剂(甲醇、乙醇、乙酸乙酯)替代水萃取,提取物的沉锗率均大于98%;提取物分别经活性炭脱胶,盐析水洗脱胶,以1%氯化铵和1%次氮基三乙酸进行络合处理,均能有效地降低产物的非单宁成分,提升沉锗效率,可满足工业化应用的要求;当使用塔拉粉与倍花粉的质量比8∶2为混合原料,并对萃取浓胶进行络合处理制成的沉锗剂,沉锗率为99.05%,有助于产物成本的降低和沉锗效率的提高。 相似文献
8.
Effects of Extraction and Refining Technology of Tara Tannin on Complexing Precipitation of Geranium
以秘鲁原产塔拉粉为原料,以矿业生产用硫酸锌锗前液的沉锗率为指标,探讨塔拉单宁的提取、纯化、提取物后处理等条件对提高单宁沉锗率的影响.结果表明:以塔拉粉为原料,有机溶剂(甲醇、乙醇、乙酸乙酯)替代水萃取,提取物的沉锗率均大于98%;提取物分别经活性炭脱胶,盐析水洗脱胶,以1%氯化铵和1%次氮基三乙酸进行络合处理,均能有效地降低产物的非单宁成分,提升沉锗效率,可满足工业化应用的要求;当使用塔拉粉与倍花粉的质量比8∶2为混合原料,并对萃取浓胶进行络合处理制成的沉锗剂,沉锗率为99.05%,有助于产物成本的降低和沉锗效率的提高. 相似文献
9.
我国没食子单宁化学利用现状与展望 总被引:37,自引:8,他引:29
没食子单宁是植物单宁的重要分支。文章对我国的没食子单宁植物资源、化学基础研究,化学加工利用等几方面的进展与现状作了综述,并对我国在该领域的未来发展作了展望。 相似文献
10.
树木单宁含量可作为对两种星天牛的抗性指标 总被引:21,自引:0,他引:21
对87种常见造林绿化树种的主干树皮,嫩枝和树地的单宁含量进行了测定,并和两种星天牛这些部位相应的刻槽产卵,取食量进行了对比分析。结果表明,抗性树种具有较高单宁含量,而单宁含量较低的树种中有80%是感虫树种,其余的大多为含有特殊成分的药用树种。 相似文献
11.
采用皮粉法和高效液相色谱法分别测定了我国五倍子主产区14个产地角倍的单宁酸和没食子酸含量,分析角倍单宁酸和没食子酸含量与倍子性状及环境因子间的相关性。结果表明:14个产地角倍的单宁酸含量为61.59% 68.30%,平均含量64.49%;没食子酸含量为70.35% 77.61%,平均含量73.92%;倍壁厚度为1.55 2.01 mm,倍子密度为0.16 0.33 g·mL-1。方差分析表明不同产地角倍的单宁酸含量、没食子酸含量、倍壁厚度和倍子密度差异显著。相关分析结果:单宁酸含量与没食子酸含量呈显著正相关,单宁酸和没食子酸含量分别与4—8月的月均温呈显著负相关,而与倍壁厚度、倍子密度及经纬度、海拔、湿度等环境因子相关性不显著,表明温度是影响倍子质量的主要环境因子。聚类分析将14个产地的角倍分为3类,分别代表了优良、中等和一般的类群。 相似文献
12.
采用Sephadex LH-20,MCI gel CHP 20P和Toyopearl Butyl-650C等柱色谱方法研究栲(Castanopsis fargesii Franch.)树皮乙醇提取物的化学成分。从栲树皮80%乙醇提取物中分离得到10个化合物,根据波谱数据分析鉴定化合物的结构,分别鉴定为苯甲酸、原儿茶酸、没食子酸、5-O-没食子莽草酸、3,5-二-O-没食子奎宁酸、表儿茶素、儿茶素、棓儿茶素、木麻黄鞣质和栗木鞣花素。所有的化合物均为首次从栲树中分离得到。 相似文献
13.
14.
Kayoko Imai Tohru Mitsunaga Hiroyuki Takemoto Toshihiro Yamada Shin-ichiro Ito Hideo Ohashi 《Journal of Wood Science》2009,55(2):126-132
The extracts of Quercus crispula infected by the ambrosia fungus, Raffaelea quercivora, were investigated. Phenol and tannin analyses indicated that normal sapwood (NS) contained a considerable amount of hydrolysable
tannins, while infected colored sapwood (IS) contained less hydrolysable tannins and more phenols than NS. In treating pentagalloyl
glucose (PGG), which is a model compound of hydrolysable tannins, with a culture medium of R. quercivora, PGG was rapidly hydrolyzed to produce gallic acid. The resulting gallic acid decreased in concentration over the subsequent
cultivation period eventually disappeared. Measuring tannase and laccase activities of the culture medium of R. quercivora, tannase activity increased gradually from the beginning, while laccase activity increased rapidly at 5 days of incubation
and disappeared at 8 days. An oxidative product from gallic acid treated with laccase was isolated by preparative high performance
liquid chromatography, and was identified as purprogallincarboxylic acid (PGCA) by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
and electron-impact mass spectrometry. PGCA was present in a 70% aqueous acetone extract of IS, and showed slight growth inhibition
against R. quercivora.
Part of this study was presented at the 57th Annual Meeting of the Japan Wood Research Society, Hiroshima, Japan, 2007 相似文献
15.
对比了蒸汽烫漂(SB)和沸水浸烫(BWB)2种预处理方式对新鲜五倍子的影响,以及经过预处理后分别采用烘箱干燥(OD)、流化床干燥(FBD)、自然干燥(ND)和紫外光辐照(UVI)4种干燥方式所得五倍子产品的品质。对干燥速率及产品指标的分析结果表明:预处理后五倍子含水率和单宁酸含量均有所降低,尤其是蒸汽烫漂后,含水率降为47.68%,与未处理五倍子含水率(55.77%)呈显著性差异;加热处理会使五倍子干燥产品中单宁酸的含量降低而没食子酸的含量增加,自然干燥的五倍子单宁酸质量分数在50.12%~56.84%之间,没食子酸质量分数在0.29%~0.46%之间,而烘箱干燥后五倍子中单宁酸质量分数仅为32.48%~42.43%,没食子酸质量分数高达2.97%~4.39%;不同采后处理方式对产品品质有不同的影响,沸水浸烫或蒸汽烫漂与紫外光辐照相结合可提高五倍子的干燥速率,且对产品单宁酸含量影响较小;烘箱和流化床干燥可将干燥时间降为5 h以内,但所得五倍子产品中单宁酸质量分数显著降低,均在32%~43%之间;沸水浸烫或蒸汽烫漂后自然干燥能保证单宁酸的结构最接近原始状态,但干燥时间高达200 h以上;所以可根据实际的操作条件和后续的应用选择五倍子的采后处理方式。工业化五倍子的采后处理因更注重干燥效率,以蒸汽烫漂预处理辅之以流化床干燥方式为佳。 相似文献
16.
17.
利用对竹叶可溶性糖、蛋白质、单宁和类黄酮含量的测定和毛竹叶部主要害虫种群的系统调查等资料。采用通径分析研究了竹叶4类化学成分对竹刺瘿螨、南京裂爪螨、竹缺爪螨、竹小爪螨、蠕须盾蚧和刚竹毒蛾等害虫的影响。结果表明:除竹刺瘿螨和南京裂爪螨外,竹叶化学成分对其余4种叶部害且:有着显著影响。这种影响主要表现为对各害虫种群的抑制作用;对于竹缺爪螨,直接作用以可溶性糖的影响最大,间接作用以类黄酮通过可溶性糖的影响较大;对于竹小爪螨,直接作用以单宁的影响最大,间接作用中则以类黄酮通过单宁的影响最大;对于蠕须盾蚧,直接作用以类黄酮的影响最大,间接作用以单宁通过类黄酮的影响最大;对于刚竹毒蛾,直接作用以蛋白质的影响最大,间接作用以类黄酮通过蛋白质的影响最大。 相似文献
18.
19.
Terminalia bellerica Roxb.(Belleric myrobalan)is one of the important multipurpose trees in central India.The fruits of the tree are highly valued for medicinal uses,with the greatest demand coming from the pharmaceutical industry.This has resulted in overexploitation and present harvesting practices have led to a significant decline in natural regeneration for this tree species.Our study was conducted from 2006 to2009 in Chhattisgarh(India)to standardize suitable harvesting practices for sustainable management for this valuable species.Experiments were conducted at four different sites located in Dhamtari,Sarguja,and Raigarh forest divisions of the state,covering both protected and open forest in a complete randomized block design(RCBD).At each site,linear transects of 200 m別100 m(2 ha)were randomly selected to sample the initial population and study the effects of two harvesting methods(traditional and nondestructive)and four harvesting intensities(60%,70%,80%,and 90%)on the sustainability of T.bellerica.Fruits were collected and analyzed for their tannin and gallic acid content.Significant increase in tannin and gallic acid content was found with the maturity of fruits(September to December).This is the first study to experimentally assess the consequences of harvesting of T.bellerica fruits in central India.Our findings reveal that harvesting intensity,time,and method are key factors for maintaining the population.Nondestructive harvesting methods were found to be superior to traditional harvesting in terms of regeneration,recruitment,and concentration of active ingredients.When the fruits were harvested through non-destructive means at maturity,the population of species increased.The study concludes that 70%harvest of T.bellerica fruits through non-destructive means maintains the sustainability and provides quality raw material for the pharmaceutical industry. 相似文献