和谐社会构建过程中的民主政治建设

现代民主政治作为人类政治智慧的结晶和现代文明的标志对和谐社会的构建意义重大。民主政治是程序政治、透明政治、宽容政治、法治政治。它为和谐社会提供了必须的制度基础。改革开放以来，社会主义民主政治建设取得了巨大成就，但在构建和谐社会的今天仍然存在一些问题。我们要把握好解决问题的着眼点，找到解决问题的有效路径。在和谐社会的构建过程中发挥民主政治的重要作用，使民主政治与和谐社会相得益彰。     

现代大学制度下高校工会工作机制创新研究

构建现代大学制度需要高校工会参与共同治理,高校工会要发挥好其在高校民主政治建设的积极作用,将各项工作置身于现代大学制度的框架之内。本文就高校工会如何创新参与学校民主管理的形式、如何通过创新工作思路、工作内容,以及工会自身建设来推动工会工作创新发展。     

和谐社会视角下的独立学院文化建设

在构建和谐社会的理论指导下，以独立学院学校文化建设为切入点，探讨独立学院建设与发展问题。在介绍学校文化与学校文化建设含义的基础上，分析了独立学院在文化建设中面临的机遇与挑战，并从表层的实体文化、中层的制度和课程文化、深层的观念文化三个方面对独立学院如何加强学校文化建设进行了探索研究，目的在于引起全社会特别是教育界对独立学院建设与发展的关注，以推动我国高等教育大众化进程。     

农村基层民主政治能力建设探析

基层民主政治建设是社会主义政治文明的根基，也是政治体制改革最基础、最关键、最重要的层面。发展社会主义民主政治能力在基层主要体现为7个方面，并着眼于基层民主政治建设的目标，分析了观念、体制、方式和工作机制与制度层面存在的主要问题。最后提出了加强和提高基层民主政治建设能力的4个方面的对策措施。     

浅谈如何加强企业内部民主管理

民主管理，主要是通过工会代表和组织发动职工民主参与企业经济活动和管理活动，实施群众监督，促进企业决策民主、利益关系公平公正、职工团结和谐。民主管理是构建和谐企业的强大动力，把经济发展作为首要着力点，又具有“两个维护”的作用，即维护工人阶级的整体利益，维护职工群众的具体利益。民主管理是构建和谐企业的支撑和动力。但其功能的发挥，有赖于相关机制建设的配套和完善。     

农村基层民主建设路径探析——以河南实施“4+2”工作法的部分农村为例

加强基层民主建设是构建社会主义和谐社会的重要前提和保证,是发展社会主义民主政治的基石。基于此,本文借鉴国内外有关农村基层民主的相关研究以及实践、对河南实施"4+2"工作法的部分农村进行实地调研的基础上,对这些地方的基层民主建设进行研究分析,以期为我国更大范围地推广一套行之有效的农村基层民主制度有所启示。     

研究生学术道德规范教育体系的构建与实践——以江苏科技大学为例

学术道德规范教育是研究生培养的重要内容。基于当前学校研究生学术道德现状,从加强制度建设、开展课程教育、加强宣传教育、引入导师教育等方面构建江苏科技大学多元化的学术道德教育规范体系,总结实践经验和成效,为地方理工科院校的研究生学术道德规范建设提供经验借鉴。     

论校务公开在高校教职工思想政治工作中的作用

加强高校的教职工思想政治工作,是促进学校改革和发展的需要.校务公开是新时期加强高校教职工思想政治工作的新方法和新途径.研究与探索校务公开在高校教职工思想政治工作中的作用,加大校务公开的力度,加强教职工思想政治工作的深度,具有非常重要的现实意义.     

关于“厂务公开”的几点思考

煤矿企业当前大力推进厂务公开是职工群众参与矿井科学决策、民主管理和民主监督的一大创举,是落实党的十八大"两个依靠"方针的必然要求。煤矿企业工会作为职工利益的代表者和维护者,要充分认识厂务公开民主管理工作的重要作用,坚持"两个依靠",努力创新载体,找准位置,充分发挥积极作用,不断把厂务公开工作推向深入。     

浅谈如何加强企业内部民主管理

民主管理,主要是通过工会代表和组织发动职工民主参与企业经济活动和管理活动,实施群众监督,促进企业决策民主、利益关系公平公正、职工团结和谐。民主管理是构建和谐企业的强大动力,把经济发展作为首要着力点,又具有"两个维护"的作用,即维护工人阶级的整体利益,维护职工群众的具体利益。民主管理是构建和谐企业的支撑和动力。但其功能的发挥,有赖于相关机制建设的配套和完善。     

Phase I evaluation of CCNU (lomustine) in tumor-bearing cats

1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks.     

Furosemide continuous rate infusion in the horse: evaluation of enhanced efficacy and reduced side effects

Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses.     

Prevalence of gastric lesions in racing Alaskan sled dogs

Human and equine athletes are reported to have a high prevalence of gastric disease, and anecdotal evidence suggests a similar phenomenon applies to racing sled dogs. To investigate the prevalence of gastric disease in racing sled dogs, we conducted 2 gastroscopy studies on dogs competing in the annual Iditarod Sled Dog Race. A pilot study of dogs that were either dropped from the 2000 Iditarod Sled Dog Race because of illness or that finished the race indicated that, approximately 5 days after competing, 10 of 28 dogs (35%) had endoscopic evidence of gastric ulceration, erosion, or hemorrhage. The next year, an endoscopic study of 73 dogs participating in the 2001 Iditarod race was performed in order to evaluate a larger population of dogs. Data from 70 of these dogs could be used; 34 (48.5%) had ulceration, erosion, gastric hemorrhage, or some combination of these findings. When this group of 70 dogs was compared retrospectively to a control group of 87 dogs presented to the Texas A&M University (TAMU) Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, the Iditarod sled dogs had a significantly higher prevalence (P = .049) of gastric lesions. These findings suggest that, similar to athletes of other species, elite canine athletes have an increased prevalence of gastric disease compared to the canine population at large.     

Internal Parasites and Haematological Values in Cattle Slaughtered in Buea Subdivision of Cameroon

Tropical Animal Health and Production -     

The Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Nematodes of Dairy Cattle in Central Kenya

The epidemiology of H. placei and of other gastrointestinal nematodes in yearling dairy cattle was examined on two farms in Kiambu District, central Kenya during each of 13 one-month periods from April 1993 to April 1994. On each farm, 32 newly weaned dairy calves were given a single dose of albendazole and then placed on experimental pastures. Twelve of the animals were designated for bi-monthly slaughter (n = 2) and analysis of worm population characteristics and 20 were designated for blood and faecal collection and for weighing. Two parasite-free tracer calves were grazed alongside the weaner calves each month throughout the study period and were also slaughtered for analysis of worm populations. Faecal egg counts, haematological and serum pepsinogen determinations, herbage larval counts, and animal live weight changes were recorded monthly. The study revealed that Haemonchus placei, Trichostrongylus axei, Cooperia spp. and Oesophagostomum radiatum were responsible for parasitic gastroenteritis and that H. placei was the predominant nematode present in the young cattle on both farms. Faecal egg counts from resident cattle and necropsy worm counts revealed that pasture larval levels were directly related to the amount of rainfall. The total worm burdens in the animals were highest during the rainy season (March–June and October–December) and lowest during the dry seasons (July–September and January–February). The very low recovery of immature larvae of H. placei from the tracer calves indicated that arrested development is not a feature of the life cycle of this parasite in central Kenya. The maintenance of the parasite population depended on continuous cycling of infection between the host and the pasture. The agroclimatic conditions of the study area were such that, in general, favourable weather conditions for the development and survival of the free-living stages of gastrointestinal nematodes existed all year round.     

Diversity of Ectoparasites in Sheep Flocks in Sa~o Paulo,Brazil

The occurrence of ectoparasites in sheep flocks is frequently reported but seldom quantified. Sheep production used to be a predominantly family activity in the state of Sa~o Paulo (Brazil), but it began to become a commercial activity in the past decade. Thus, information about the ectoparasites existing in sheep flocks has become necessary. The present data were obtained by means of questionnaires sent to all sheep breeders belonging to the `Associaça~o Paulista de Criadores de Ovinos' (ASPACO; Sa~o Paulo State Association of Sheep Breeders). Response reliability was tested by means of random visits paid to 10.6% of the respondents. Most of the properties (89.5%) reported the presence of one or more ectoparasites. Screw-worm (Cochliomyia hominivorax) was the most frequent ectoparasite (72.5%), followed by bot fly larvae (Dermatobia hominis, 45.0%), ticks (Amblyomma cajennense) and Boophilus microplus, 31.3%) and finally lice (Damalinia ovis, 13.8%). Combined infestations also occurred, the most common one being screw-worm with bot fly larvae (36.0%) followed by bot fly larvae with ticks (13.9%), screw-worm with ticks (9.3%), bot fly larvae with lice (6.9%), and ticks with lice (5.0%). The most common triple combination was screw-worm, bot fly larvae and ticks (12.8%). Breeds raised for meat or wool were attacked by bot fly larvae and ticks more often than other breeds. Lice were only absent from animals of indigenous breeds. The relationships among these ectoparasites are discussed in terms of sheep breeds, flock size, seasonality and the ectoparasitic combinations on the host.     

Chemotaxis of macrophage in inflammation

Our particular attention in this article was given to natural mediators for macrophages isolated from the sites of tissue injury. A number of chemotactic factors, which may satisfy many criteria making them acceptable as inflammatory leucocyte chemotactic factors, has been separated. Among them, our laboratory has isolated three macrophage (monocyte) chemotactic factors (MCF-a, -b and -c). Their purification, characterization and functional specificity are discussed.     

Evaluation of biohydrogenation rate of canola vs. soya bean seeds as unsaturated fatty acids sources for ruminants in situ

An experiment was conducted to study disappearance of C14 to C18 fatty acids, lag times and biohydrogenation (BH) rates of C18 fatty acids of ground soya bean and canola seeds in situ. Three ruminally fistulated Dallagh sheep were used to determine ruminal BH of unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs). Differences in the disappearance of fatty acids through the bags and lag times were observed between the oilseeds. We saw that the longer the incubation time of the oilseeds in the rumen, the lower the content of C18:2 and C18:3. Significantly higher lag times for both C18:2 and C18:3 were observed in ground canola compared to ground soya bean. BH rates of C18:2 and C18:3 fatty acids in soya bean were three times higher than those of canola. These results suggest that the fatty acid profile of fat source can affect the BH of UFAs by rumen micro‐organisms. So that UFAs of canola had higher ability to escape from ruminal BH. It seems that fatty acid profile of ruminant products is more affected by canola seed compared to soya bean seed.     

Serum biochemical values and mineral element contents of tissues in yaks

Serum biochemical values and the wet weight to dry weight ratios of tissues were determined in yaks in Shandan county of Gansu province. The liver, kidney, heart and muscle contents of seven elements in yaks were also analysed. Most serum biochemical values were similar to those of cattle, camels and sheep, but the calcium concentration was considerably above the normal range for other ruminants. The liver contained the highest concentrations of copper, manganese and cobalt and the kidney of selenium, iron and calcium.Abbreviations Alb albumin - ALT alanine aminotransferase - AST aspartate aminotransferase - BUN blood urea nitrogen - Chol cholesterol - Glob globulin - -GT -glutamyl transpeptidase - IP inorganic phosphorus - TP total protein