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文献记载有毒中药约500种,《中国药典》95版收藏载的522种中药中有69种注明有毒。我国现行药典将有毒中药分为大毒、有毒与小毒3类。大毒类中药有草乌、川乌、马钱子、天仙子、巴豆、闹羊花、斑鹜、红粉等;有毒类中药有山豆子、天南星、木鳖子、水蛭、甘遂、仙茅、白果、半夏、全蝎、苍耳子、苦陈皮、轻粉、洋金花、常山、蜈蚣、蟾酥、牵牛子等;小毒类中药有土元、川栋子、艾叶、北豆根、苦杏仁、鸦胆子、重楼、急性子、蛇床子、两面针等。 相似文献
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(一)毛皮动物养殖业概况 人工饲养的毛皮动物主要有水貂、狐狸、貉、紫貂、獭兔、海狸鼠、麝鼠、毛丝鼠等等.目前,世界水貂皮的年产量在3550万张左右,主产国家依次为丹麦、芬兰、荷兰、美国、俄罗斯、中国.我国的产量估计为600万张,占世界总产量16.9%.狐狸皮的世界产量目前大约在500万张,主产国家依次为芬兰、挪威、俄罗斯、丹麦、中国. 相似文献
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1分类食欲调节剂主要由消食、理气、健脾等药物组成,具有调节、促进消化的作用,提高饲料的利用效率。苦味调节剂有陈皮、厚朴、青皮、黄柏、苦参、蒲公英,芳香调节剂有茴香、石菖蒲、枳壳、苍术、香附,辛辣调节剂有辣椒、芥子,消化调节剂有山楂、麦芽、神曲。新陈代谢调节剂主要由滋阴壮阳、补气、补血等药物组成,可增强内分泌功能,促进新陈代谢的效果。有黄芪、刺五加、苍术、枸杞叶、淫羊霍、何首乌等。抑菌杀虫剂主要由清热解毒药物组成,具有抑 相似文献
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作者从事畜牧工作近40年,饲养过蜜蜂、地鳖虫、奶牛、猪、羊、鸡、山鸡、迷你鸡(鸡基鸟)、观赏鸟、水貂、毛丝鼠、兔、虾、鱼蟹,而饲养时间最长,感情最深的却是蜜蜂. 相似文献
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婴儿大脑的快速发育对膳食中营养物质的供应有极高需求,尤其是早产儿.唾液酸是脑神经节苷脂和修饰神经细胞黏附分子的聚唾液酸链的重要成分.人乳唾液酸含量较高,主要形式为N-乙酰神经氨酸.相比之下,婴儿配方乳粉中含有低水平的唾液酸,包括N-乙酰神经氨酸和N-羟乙酰神经氨酸,N-羟乙酰神经氨酸与一些人类炎症性疾病有关.本文综述唾... 相似文献
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Qianqian Xu Xiaoming Wang Yating Liu Xinyang Dong Xiaoting Zou 《Animal Science Journal》2021,92(1):e13616
The aim of this study was to explore the effects of dietary arachidonic acid on serum fatty acid profile, hepatic antioxidant capacity, and lipid metabolism in pigeon squabs by supplementing arachidonic acid in their parental diets. A completely randomized design was conducted consisting of control group, 0.05% dietary arachidonic acid supplementation group, 0.1% dietary arachidonic acid supplementation group, and 0.2% dietary arachidonic acid supplementation group. Six randomly selected squabs from each group were sampled on Day 21 post-hatch. Results indicated that moderate level (0.05%) of arachidonic acid in parental diets for pigeon squabs improved lipid metabolism via regulation on serum lipid profile and fatty acid composition and tended to reduce hepatic lipid accumulation in the premise of negligible damage to antioxidant status. Unfortunately, excessive parental supplementation of dietary arachidonic acid might be harmful to squab health. The regulatory effects of arachidonic acid were sensitive to the arachidonic acid doses. In conclusion, parental dietary arachidonic acid at 0.05% could be beneficial for squabs to maintain health as reflective aspects in ameliorative serum lipid profile, fatty acid composition, and reduced hepatic lipid accumulation. 相似文献
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本文综述了影响生长猪氨基酸利用的主要因素,探讨了养猪生产中有关氨基酸营养问题。结果表明:通过测定体沉积蛋白质(PD)中氨基酸的沉积、生理氨基酸损失(主要是皮肤和毛发、肠道内源氨基酸损失)与不可避免的氨基酸的分解代谢来估测氨基酸的需要量,估测氨基酸需要量的数据必须建立在蛋白质沉积、活体量、饲喂水平、饲料原料组成和饲料原料的可利用氨基酸含量上。既然PD是氨基酸需要量的决定因素,在建立日粮最佳氨基酸水平时,必须认真考虑活体重或动物间的差异对PD的影响。因此,饲料组成与机体蛋白质中氨基酸组成的变化对用于蛋白质沉积需要的可利用氨基酸利用的影响必须进行更精确的定量。 相似文献
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乳酸在奶牛体内的代谢途径及其对奶牛健康影响的研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
乳酸(lactic acid)是奶牛瘤胃内重要的中间代谢产物,合理的调节乳酸代谢特征、充分利用及发挥乳酸的有益功能对奶牛健康生产具有重要意义。文章介绍了乳酸的合成途径及主要产酸菌、乳酸的代谢途径及主要利用菌、乳酸在奶牛瘤胃内的代谢方式及影响其代谢的因素,详细阐述了乳酸产生菌与利用菌对乳酸代谢调节的影响,同时介绍了植物提取物对乳酸代谢调节作用及乳酸代谢调节对奶牛胃肠道菌群、泌乳性能和乳房炎的影响。为进一步了解乳酸对奶牛健康的作用机制及相关植物活性物质在生产实践中的应用提供理论依据,为解决高精料饲粮引起的奶牛酸中毒的预防与治疗提供新思路。 相似文献
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苜蓿草粉比例对豁鹅蛋黄不饱和脂肪酸含量的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
试验采用3×3因子设计,将日粮苜蓿草粉比例设为10%、20%、30%三个水平,蛋白质设为15.83%、14.01%、12.74%三个水平。选用180只12月龄健康产蛋豁鹅,随机分为9组,每组20只,试验期20 d。研究日粮苜蓿草粉比例和蛋白水平及二者交互作用对豁鹅蛋黄不饱和脂肪酸含量的影响。结果表明,随着日粮苜蓿草粉比例增加,蛋黄油酸和花生四烯酸含量呈显著(P<0.05)降低趋势,统计结果表明:油酸含量(x,mg/g)随日粮苜蓿草粉比例增加的变化趋势为二次函数:y=-0.05x2+0.23x+260.88,r2=0.82;蛋黄亚麻酸含量和总共轭亚油酸呈显著(P<0.05)增加趋势;随着日粮蛋白水平增加,蛋黄油酸、亚麻酸、总共轭亚油酸和花生四烯酸含量均呈显著(P<0.05)降低趋势。苜蓿草粉比例和蛋白水平的互作效应仅对花生四烯酸产生一定影响,根据比较,当苜蓿草粉比例为20%、蛋白水平为14.01%时,蛋黄亚麻酸含量和总共轭亚油酸含量最高。 相似文献
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Adipic acid, upon catabolism, results in intermediates that bear a structural similarity to lysine degradation products. The objectives of this research were to determine whether adipic acid affects lysine concentrations in plasma and to evaluate whether adipic acid improves the efficiency of lysine utilization in pigs. In Exp. 1, nursery pigs (n = 14) were fed (for a period of 7 d) either a standard nursery diet or the same diet supplemented with 1% adipic acid to assess effects on plasma amino acid concentrations (plasma collected on d 7). In Exp. 2, nursery pigs (n = 56) were fed (for a period of 15 d) either a control diet or the same diet but deficient in either lysine, threonine, or tryptophan with or without supplemental adipic acid to assess the effects of adipic acid on the efficiency of amino acid utilization. The results from Exp. 1 showed that adipic acid increased plasma lysine (by 18%) but not alpha-amino adipic acid, an intermediate in lysine degradation. Experiment 2 demonstrated that adipic acid did not increase the efficiency of utilization of lysine, threonine, or tryptophan. The lack of effects on alpha-amino adipic acid in Exp. 1 and the lack of a positive effect on the efficiency of utilization of lysine, threonine, and tryptophan suggest that adipic acid does not inhibit the mitochondrial uptake of lysine and(or) its degradation in the mitochondrion. It is concluded that feeding adipic acid increases plasma lysine but does not improve the efficiency of lysine utilization. 相似文献