蒸热处理对竹绿虎天牛幼虫的杀灭效果

为了寻找竹制品新型检疫处理技术和提高检疫处理效率,本文应用一种新型真空蒸热处理设施以及真空和常压蒸热处理技术,对竹子中竹绿虎天牛幼虫的杀灭效果进行研究。结果表明应用真空蒸热和常压蒸热两种蒸热处理可100%杀死竹制品中竹绿虎天牛幼虫,其中真空蒸热处理参数为压力500 mbar,温度48℃,持续15 min;常压蒸热处理参数为压力1 000 mbar,温度52℃,持续15 min。上述两种热处理参数可推荐作为竹制品的检疫处理技术指标。     

Two new species of egg parasitoids (hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) of wood-boring beetle pests from China

Oobius agrili sp.n. andAvetianella xystrocerae sp.n. (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) are described from China. Morphological characters of the new species are illustrated.O. agrili is an egg parasitoid of the emerald ash borerAgrilus planipennis Fairmaire (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) andA. xystrocerae is an egg parasitoid of the wood borerXystrocera globosa (Olivier) (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae). The two new species are potential biocontrol agents of economically important pest insects. The type specimens are deposited in the Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing (IZCAS). http://www.phytoparasitica.org posting May 17, 2005.     

Derelomus piriformis Hoffmann (Curculionoidea: Curculionidae: Curculioninae: Derelomini), a new invasive species in Israel

Derelomus piriformis (Hoffmann), a weevil species developing onPhoenix canariensis, is recorded from Israel for the first time. The species belongs to the group of weevils that are pollinators of palms.D. piriformis is a pollinator ofP. canariensis, but at the same time is injurious to male flowers and occasionally also to female flowers. This group of weevils has not been previously recorded from Israel and adjacent countries. http://www.phytoparasitica.org posting July 19, 2006     

柠条绿虎天牛幼虫龄期的划分

为明确柠条绿虎天牛Chlorophorus caragana XieWang幼虫的龄期,以便进行预测预报及采取防治措施。通过林间采集柠条绿虎天牛幼虫,并根据前胸背板宽、触角孔间距和体长3项形态指标的频次分布结果初步划分龄期,然后利用戴氏生长法则和线性回归进行验证。结果表明:柠条绿虎天牛幼虫可分为7龄,触角孔间距和前胸背板宽符合Dyar法则和Crosby法则并呈现明显的线性回归关系,可作为龄期划分的重要指标。体长不符合Crosby法则,不宜用于区分龄期。     

A new genus and species of soft scales (hemiptera: Coccoidea: Coccidae) from oaks in Israel

A new genus of soft scales,Kenima, is described forKenima galilit, a new species off oaks in Israel.     

Dermestid beetles in ‘evolution Canyon’, lower Nahal Oren, Mt. Carmel, including new records for Israel

Fifteen species of dermestid beetles were recorded at ‘Evolution Canyon’ (EC), Lower Nahal Oren, Mt. Carmel, Israel. They represent ~35% of known Israeli dermestid species. The following three species were recorded for the first time in Israel:Trogoderma svriaca Dalla Torre, 1911;Ctesias svriaca Ganglbauer, 1904; andAnthrenus (s.str.) jordaniens Pic, 1934. Adults of 13 species were collected on the more solar radiated, warmer and climatically more fluctuating south-facing slope (SFS); ten species were collected on the opposite, north-facing slope (NFS), which was cooler and climatically more stable. The abundance of adult dermestid beetles was 1.9 times higher on the SFS than on the NFS (86 and 47, respectively). Species richness and abundance distribution at EC (three collecting stations on each slope and one at the valley bottom) were significantly negatively correlated with the plant cover that consisted of trees and bushes (Spearmanr _s ,P=0.007 and 0.039, respectively) and perennials (Spearmanr _s ,P=0.039 and 0.077, respectively), indicating that non-woody plants were preferred by adult dermestid beetles.     

Seasonal abundance of sap beetles (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae) in date plantations in Israel

Seasonal abundance of nitidulid beetles infesting date plantations in Israel was studied through captures of adults in traps.Carpophilus mutilatus andC. hemipterus were found throughout autumn, winter and spring; in the summer their populations declined considerably.Urophorus humeralis predominated during the summer whileHaptoncus luteolus was most abundant during late summer and autumn. Damage to ripening fruit by sap beetles is apparently inflicted mainly byH. luteolus andU. humeralis.     

Plant trypanosome (mastigophora: trypanosomatidae) fromcynanchum acutum (asclepiadaceae) plants in northern Israel

Trypanosomatid flagellates were found inCynanchum acutum L. (Asclepiadaceae) plants in Israel.     

Note: The malvastrum mealybugFerrisia malvastra (Hemiptera: Coccoidea: Pseudococcidae): Distribution, host plants and pest status in Israel

The malvastrum mealybugFerrisia malvastra (McDaniel) (Hemiptera: Coccoidea: Pseudococcidae) is widely distributed in Israel, recorded so far from 30 species of host plants belonging to 18 families. Its occurrence on herbal plants and on avocado should be considered by farmers in Israel.     

Association of the western flower thrips (Frankliniella occidentalis) with cultivated sunflower (Helianthus annuus) in Israel

In 1992 and 1993, sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) crops in Israel were heavily damaged by the western flower thrips (WFT),Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae). Adult females appear in the heads of sunflower just as the latter begin to blossom; the population decreases towards completion of anthesis. The damage to kernels is greatest at the periphery of the heads, where flowers appear first, and lowest at the center. Fields sown early in the season (in March) are usually the ones infested most by WFT and suffering the greatest damage. Fields sown one month later are less infested, since predatory bugs of the genusOrius are very active at that time.     

美国松木上4种长角天牛的检疫鉴定

本文记述了深圳口岸2016年从进境美国松木中截获的4种长角天牛,对其形态特征及分布和寄主进行了详细描述并编制了相应的检索表,可为口岸木材检疫提供参考。     

Investigation of mealybug (hemiptera: Coccoidea: Pseudococcidae) species from Turkey by RAPD

Molecular markers are commonly used for determining the relationship between insect species. In this study, we investigated the relationship of six mealybug species,Planococcus citri (Risso),Planococcus ficus (Signoret),Planococcus vovae (Nasonov),Pseudococcus longispinus (Targioni Tozzetti),Pseudococcus viburni (Signoret) andPhenacoccus aceris (Signoret), sampled from Turkey, using randomly amplified polymorphic DNA-polymerase chain reaction (RAPD-PCR). Of the 50 RAPD primers tested, 18 identified a total of 256 fragments of which all were polymorphic. Sufficient discrimination betweenP. citri andP. ficus was provided by several RAPD primers. The genetic distance values calculated for each pair-wise comparison ranged from 0.156 to 0.504. Cluster analyses of RAPD data clearly separated the species into two groups. http://www.phytoparasitica.org posting May 4, 2007.     

Biological Control of the Larger Grain Borer, Prostephanus truncatus (Horn) (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae)

Biological control was first considered shortly after the accidental introduction of Prostephanus truncatus in Africa in the early 1980's. This article reviews first the history of the biological control efforts with a focus on the results and recommendations of the initial international meetings and foreign exploration projects, followed by a discussion of the more important biocontrol agents, in particular the histerid Teretrius nigrescens. Since the release of T. nigrescens in Africa a number of techniques have been employed by different research groups to measure the effect of the natural enemy on P. truncatus, including pheromone trapping, field experiments, gut analysis grain store surveys, simulation modelling, and statistical and economic analysis the conclusions of these various studies have been largely equivocal, and the results of studies with recent data suggest that uncertainty is growing. Further resources and time are needed both for a proper evaluation and for the further development of control strategies compatible with biological control.     

Note: Occurrence and distribution ofCucumber mosaic virus infecting danshen (Salvia miltiorrhiza) in China

Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) has resulted in much damage to Danshen (Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge) crops in China. A 5-year survey was conducted in Hebei, Shandong, Sichuan, Shanxi, Henan and Gansu Provinces, all major Danshen-growing areas. A total of 156 Danshen plant samples with CMV symptoms were collected and tested for the presence of CMV by a double-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA) using polyclonal antibodies against CMV and a positive control, according to the supplier’s instructions (Agdia). They were confirmed to be CMV by amplification of complete coat protein gene and analysis of the gene sequence. The results showed that 122 samples were infected by CMV and all of these CMV isolates belonged to subgroup IB. http://www.phytoparasitica.org posting May 19, 2008. Joint first authors.     

Note:Capparimyia savastani (Martelli, 1911): A new record of tephritidae of economic significance for Spain

During a trial in Majorca (Balearic Islands) conducted in 2007 for the detection of parasitoids of the olive flyBactrocera oleae by using yellow sticky traps, a single female of the tephritidaeCapparimyia savastani (Martelli, 1911) was captured. This species had never been recorded previously either in the Balearics or mainland Spain. The larvae of this species feed on the edible flower buds of the common caper (Capparis sp.), thus being a potential pest of this crop. There has not been any previous study of the response of this diptera to the traps and attractants most commonly used in the area for the monitoring of other tephritidae of economic importance, such asB. oleae and the Mediterranean fruit flyCeratitis capitata. http://www.phytoparasitica.org posting May 30, 2008.     

<Emphasis Type="Italic">Anascirtothrips arorai</Emphasis> bhatti (Thysanoptera: Thripidae): A new thrips for Israel

Anascirtothrips arorai was discovered for the first time in the Palearctic region and in new niches: inside fig fruits and in the galls ofGynaikothrips ficorum. http://www.phytoparasitica.org posting May 4, 2007