仔猪感染等孢球虫病的诊断与防制

某猪场仔猪出生后7～10d开始严重下痢，经多种抗菌药物治疗无效。经查，在多窝仔猪粪便中检出等孢球虫卵囊，采用口服黏膜保护剂，先后试治75例，均痊愈，平均治愈天数为1～8d，经1～2周观察未见复发。采取综合防制措施能有效地控制该病的发生。     

浅谈仔猪球虫病防治

<正>仔猪球虫病是由猪等孢球虫和某些艾美耳属球虫寄生于哺乳期及新断奶仔猪小肠上皮细胞引起的、以腹泻为主要临床特征。多发生于出生后第二周(有时候是第三周),腹泻呈黄色至百色。死亡率很低,伴发一些继发性疾病时,死亡率升高,使受害仔猪生长缓慢。目前,在治疗药物不多的情况下,仔猪球虫病的控制和预防必须依靠综合采取卫生措施和治疗措施。1发病情况2014年4月6日笔者所在村的养猪专业户杨某,从附近村寨的农户购入50~80日龄、体重15~20kg仔猪40头,分成     

仔猪等孢球虫病的综合防治

本文针对宁河区最近发生的几起仔猪等孢球虫病感染疑似病例,结合近来国内部分地区对该病的有关报道,从流行病学、临床症状、病理变化、诊断与防治几个方面对该病进行了简要介绍与分析,为有效预防等孢球虫病提供参考。     

四川省仔猪球虫病的流行病学调查

2002年7～9月抽样调查了四川省12个市、县16个猪场的球虫病流行情况。结果，仔猪球虫阳性场占93．75％(15／16)，仔猪球虫总感染率为25．36％(107／422)；猪等孢球虫阳性场占87．50％(14／16)，猪等孢球虫总感染率为18．72％(79／422)；在球虫阳性的仔猪粪样中初步鉴定出5种球虫，即粗糙艾美球虫、蒂氏艾美球虫、猪艾美球虫、豚艾美球虫及猪等孢球虫。     

仔猪球虫病的控制

近年来，世界不同地区的大量报道显示，新生仔猪的腹泻与等孢球虫的感染和致病有关。球虫感染仔猪后，影响肠道的消化吸收，引起仔猪腹泻。这种腹泻呈黄白色，糊状或水样。发病猪的增重减少，生长迟缓。因此，球虫病严重影响到猪群生产性能和猪场经济效益。5％百球清（5％Baycox，妥曲珠利）口服液是由德国拜耳动物保健研发的，专用于控制仔猪等孢球虫（Isosporasuis）的药物。     

仔猪球虫病的控制

近年来,世界不同地区的大量报道显示,新生仔猪的腹泻与等孢球虫的感染和致病有关。球虫感染仔猪后,影响肠道的消化吸收,引起仔猪腹泻。这种腹泻呈黄白色,糊状或水样。发病猪的增重减少,生长迟缓。因此,球虫病严重影响到猪群生产性能和猪场经济效益。5％百球清（5％Baycox,妥曲珠利）口服液是由德国拜耳动物保健研发的,专用于控制仔猪等孢球虫（Isosporasuis）的药物。     

关于初生仔猪的球虫病

球虫病越来越被认为是哺乳仔猪腹泻的主要病因之一。随粪排出的卵囊会传播球虫感染。     

仔猪球虫病的防控策略

仔猪球虫病大多是由猪等孢球虫引起的新生仔猪寄生虫性腹泻病。近年来,该病有上升趋势，由于此病与黄痢和白痢有相似之处，不易区别,极易造成误诊误治,致发病率越来越高。本病在临床上常常是并发感染或继发感染,用任何抗菌素治疗均无效果，有的仔猪一直持续到保育期结束。球虫病不仅阻碍哺乳仔猪增重，而且影响断乳仔猪生长发育，[第一段]     

增加对仔猪球虫病的了解

球虫病在世界各地拥有集约化养猪业的所有国家中均有发生。由于在该病的发病率、诊断以及控制上的新发现，猪农们和兽医对球虫病也有了进一步的认识。本主要讨论球虫病的最新发现以及有关仔猪球虫病的一些常见问题。     

浅谈仔猪球虫病诊断与防治

猪球虫病是由艾美尔科艾美尔属和等孢属球虫寄生于猪小肠上皮所引起的一种原虫病。等孢球虫是仔猪球虫病最常见的原虫病,引起仔猪下痢和增重降低。该病在我国各地均有报道,分布很广,由于重视不够、诊断不准,给养猪户造成严重的经济损失。笔者结合实际病例从饲养环境情况、流行病学、临床症状及解剖病变等方面进行了分析总结,并提出有效的预防和治疗措施,在实践中取得良好效果。     

仔猪黄痢及其防治

仔猪黄痢是一种急性传染病,主要是由于感染致病性大肠杆菌而导致,不同日龄的仔猪均可发病,根据粪便的颜色分为仔猪黄痢和白痢.在自然界中大肠杆菌病原分布广泛,加上仔猪自身免疫系统不完善,对外界致病菌的抵抗力较弱.仔猪黄痢以3日龄以内的哺乳猪为重点发病群,病猪粪便呈黄色,发病急,病死率高,接近100％.临床预防本病主要依靠免疫...     

用EM防治新生仔猪腹泻试验

用ＥＭ防治新生仔猪腹泻的试验表明：服用ＥＭ发酵液组发病率为２８．９５％,服用ＥＭ原液组发病率为５１．４３％,对照组发病率７５．７１％,试验组发病率显著低于对照组,差异极显著（Ｐ＜０．０１）。服用ＥＭ发酵液组死亡率为１１．２５％,服用ＥＭ原液组死亡率为１１．４３％,对照组死亡率为２５．５７％,试验组死亡率显著低于对照组,差异极显著（Ｐ＜０．０１）,而服用ＥＭ原液组与服用ＥＭ发酵液组死亡率差异不显著,（Ｐ＞０．０５）。     

Synthesis, cloning, and expression of Mycoplasma suis inorganic pyrophosphatase gene using PCR-based accurate synthesis and overlap-extension PCR, and its immunogenicity analysis

Mycoplasma suis (M. suis), a hemotrophic pathogen of pigs, causes economic losses in swine production throughout the world. Inorganic pyrophosphatase (ppa) is a very important gene in M. suis. The ppa gene of M. suis was synthesized by PCR-based accurate synthesis (PAS) and overlapextension PCR, inserted into vector pMD18-T, and then subcloned to the prokaryotic expression vector pET28c.The recombinant plasmid pET28c_ppa was transformed to E. coli BL21 for expression under induction of isopropyl thiogalactoside. The expressed product was identified by SDS–PAGE and Western blot, which suggested that the recombinant protein has good antigenicity. Piglets were immunised with purified recombinant protein, and specific antibodies to the recombinant protein were detected in piglet serum. The results show that the ppa gene can be efficiently expressed in E. coli and that the expressed recombinant protein can elicit a specific serum antibody response in piglets. PAS and overlap-extension PCR were first used to synthesize the ppa of M. suis. They provide simple, rapid, reliable and relatively inexpensive methods to synthesize, clone, and express genes. The experiment conducted in this paper will enable future research into the role and function of the ppa gene.     

抗仔猪腹泻产肠毒素大肠杆菌疫苗的研究进展

仔猪腹泻(piglet diarrhea)是国内外养猪业面临的一大难题,每年因此造成的经济损失十分巨大。导致仔猪腹泻的主要致病菌是产肠毒素大肠杆菌(enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli,ETEC),其致病过程依赖黏附素和肠毒素的共同作用。随着研究手段的创新,国内外学者在研制ETEC疫苗方面已取得了突破性进展。作者介绍了ETEC的致病特点,并对各类ETEC疫苗的研究进展作一综述。     

仔猪消化道菌群变化与仔猪腹泻的关系

通过对健康和腹泻仔猪消化道内(胃、十二指肠、空肠、回肠、盲肠、结肠和直肠)7个部位菌群取样后进行培养和分离鉴定，研究健康和腹泻仔猪间不同菌群关系的差异，揭示维持仔猪的正常消化代谢优势菌群的组成、比例和结构。结果发现：双歧杆菌和乳杆菌是健康仔猪消化道内数量最多的菌群，为优势菌群；韦荣氏球菌、肠杆菌、肠球菌在仔猪发生腹泻时明显增多，为有害菌群。有害菌群的增多抑制了有益优势菌群的生长，从而导致仔猪发生腹泻。     

Prevalence and age-related infection of Cryptosporidium suis, C. muris and Cryptosporidium pig genotype II in pigs on a farm complex in the Czech Republic

A total of 413 pig faecal samples were collected from pre-weaners (119), starters (131), pre-growers (123) and sows (40) from a farm with a closed breeding system segmented into two breeding complexes and a growing complex in the region of Vysočina, Czech Republic and screened for the presence of Cryptosporidium using staining methods and genotyping (SSU rRNA). Cryptosporidium oocysts were detected by microscopy in the faeces of 21.1% of the samples (87/413). Sequence analyses and RFLP identified C. suis in 44, Cryptosporidium pig genotype II in 23 and C. muris in 2 samples. No mixed infections were found.Pigs under 7 weeks of age were infected with C. suis only. Cryptosporidium pig genotype II was found in animals from 7 weeks of age. No relationship was found between diarrhoea and any Cryptosporidium infection in any of the different age groups (P < 0.05). The pre-weaned pigs shed significantly more Cryptosporidium oocysts than older pigs and it was associated with C. suis infection.     

Genetic organization and preferential distribution of putative pilus gene clusters in Streptococcus suis

Recent analyses of Streptococcus suis isolates using multilocus sequence typing (MLST) suggested the importance of sequence type (ST) 1 and ST27 complexes for animal hygiene and public health. In this study, to investigate whether pilus-associated genes in S. suis can be used as novel genetic markers for important clonal groups, we examined the correlation between STs and putative pilus-associated gene profiles in S. suis. Genomic searches using sequenced genomes and sequence data determined in several isolates revealed the presence of at least four distinct putative pilus gene clusters in S. suis (srtBCD, srtE, srtF, and srtG clusters). On the basis of the presence or absence of genes in the four clusters, 108 S. suis isolates from various origins were classified into 12 genotypes (genotypes A–L). Genotypes A and B, which possessed srtBCD plus srtF clusters and srtF plus srtG clusters, respectively, were the most common in isolates from diseased pigs and humans, and 29.9% and 59.8% of the isolates belonged to genotypes A and B, respectively. In contrast, only 4.8% and 28.6% of isolates from healthy carriers were genotypes A and B, respectively. MLST analysis showed the associations of genotypes A and B with ST1 and ST27 complexes, respectively. In addition, srtBCD and srtG clusters were preferentially distributed to ST1 and ST27 complex members, respectively. These results suggest that profiling of selected pilus-associated genes could be used as an easy screening method to monitor isolates important for S. suis infection.     

仔猪免疫保护机制及早期断奶对仔猪免疫机能的影响

从仔猪免疫保护机制的结构 ,功能特点出发 ,分析了早期断奶对仔猪免疫机能的影响 ,为乳猪料的开发和免疫调节剂的应用提供理论基础。     

补料对哺乳仔猪生长发育影响的研究初报

本试验主要研究三种不同乳猪料对仔猪生长发育、成活率、采食量、发病情况的影响。结果表明仔猪补饲料的好坏与仔猪成活率、生长发育有密切关系,且质量越高效果越好。     

Toltrazuril and sulphonamide treatment against naturally Isospora suis infected suckling piglets: Is there an actual profit?

A study was carried out to assess the efficacy and the economic profit of prophylactic treatment against Isopsora suis with toltrazuril or with a sulfamethazine/trimethoprim combination in piglets from an intensive pig farm. Thirty-one litters were included in study. Eight litters were treated once with toltrazuril (20 mg/kg b.w.) at 3 days of age (Toltra group); 8 litters were treated with the sulphonamide combination (sodium sulfamethazine 35 mg and trimethoprim 7 mg/kg b.w.) for 3 consecutive days starting at 3 days of age (Sulfa group), and 15 litters were untreated (control group). Counts of oocyst per gram on pooled feces sampled from each litter were carried out on Days 7, 14, 21 and 28 and diarrhea was registered daily from pooled samples. Piglets were weighed on Days 1, 7 and 28 and mean weight gain (WG) and daily weight gain (DWG) were evaluated. The economic profit of treatment was evaluated comparing the WG of piglets of each treatment group from the day of birth to Day 28. On Days 14, 21 and 28, toltrazuril showed a better efficacy in controlling fecal oocyst output, diarrhea and weight gain compared with sulphamidic treatment (P < 0.001). The budgeting analysis showed a return of economic benefit of € 0.915 per toltrazuril-treated piglets and an additional cost of € 1.155 per sulphonamide-treated piglets.