共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 82 毫秒
1.
2.
3.
4.
为提高辣椒抗病能力,减少化学农药用量、残留和环境污染,采用测报调查、随机区组设计和统计分析等方法,开展了辣椒应用植物免疫诱抗剂——5%氨基寡糖素AS农药田间药效试验。结果表明:在塑料温室大棚辣椒栽后3天、28天和幼果期施用3次,药后15、30、45和60天,抗病毒病效果氨基寡糖素750、1000倍液与三十烷醇(对照药剂)1000倍液分别为97.6%、69.0%、76.2%,94.1%、63.5%、72.9%,87.0%、63.9%、72.2%和75.5%、49.1%、54.7%;抗煤烟病效果为84.6%、71.2%、73.1%,84.1%、70.5%、72.7%,80.8%、68.8%、69.7%和72.2%、53.7%、55.6%;疫病预防效果均为100%;可以有效促进辣椒营养生长、株高增高和分枝增多等,但辣椒产量、销售收入和纯收入氨基寡糖素750、1000倍液与三十烷醇1000倍液每公顷较清水对照(CK)分别低30.2%、13.3%和18.2%,21505.92、9453.18、12995.55元及21773.92、9685.18、13199.55元。产量清水对照(CK)极显著高于氨基寡糖素750、1000倍液与三十烷醇1000倍液,氨基寡糖素1000倍液和三十烷醇1000倍液极显著高于氨基寡糖素750倍液,氨基寡糖素1000倍液与三十烷醇1000倍液差异不显著。 相似文献
5.
6.
7.
辣椒是呼图壁县蔬菜市场的拳头产品,不仅满足本县需要,而且大量运销外地。自1985年以来,辣椒因疫霉病开始大面积死亡,栽培面积由333.3多hm^2降到不足20hm^2(1993年)。采用综合措施防治辣椒病害,即种植抗病品种-新椒2号、加强栽培管理、培育壮苗、用“浙农抗毒增产剂”增强辣椒抗病性,取得显著成效,辣椒种植面积已由1994年的13.3hm^2增加到1999年406.7hm^2,大大提高了菜 相似文献
8.
9.
10.
《耕作与栽培》2021,41(4)
为明确氨基寡糖素对碾茶茶园采摘后的品质提升及其对茶饼病的防效,分别用5%氨基寡糖素AS 200倍液+安融乐2 500倍液、5%氨基寡糖素AS 500倍液+安融乐2 500倍液、5%氨基寡糖素AS 200倍液+4%嘧啶核苷类抗菌素AS 200倍液+安融乐2 500倍液对茶园进行静电喷雾,调查芽头数量、芽长、百芽重,观察嫩芽外观表现及茶饼病防治效果和增产效果。结果表明,5%氨基寡糖素AS对茶叶有较好的抗病增产效果,其中5%氨基寡糖素AS 200倍液+安融乐2 500倍液处理可使茶叶增产42.25%,防效为73.05%;而5%氨基寡糖素AS200倍液+4%嘧啶核苷类抗菌素AS 200倍液+安融乐2 500倍液处理效果更好,增产46.46%,防效为85.14%。 相似文献
11.
In order to establish a genetic model of the resistance to Phytophthora capsici in Capsicum annuum genotype ‘SCM-334’, two experiments were conducted which included ‘SCM-334’, as well as, the susceptible line ‘Morrón INIA 224’ and their Fl, F2, F3 and BC1 generations. We also tried to introgress a recessive gene, hypothetically responsible for resistance to P. capsici, from ‘SCM-334’ into ‘Morrón INIA 224’. Inoculations were made, when plants had 4—6 leaves, by irrigating the culture substrate with a zoospore suspension of P. capsici isolate ‘Bl’. The χ2 test was applied to segregating generations to determine how many genes were involved in resistance. The hypothesis which explained the obtained segregations best, although not completely, was one that assumes 3 genes in ‘SCM-334’;, with at least 3 alleles in the heterozygous condition or 4 at any position, present in any genotype in order to be resistant. The influence of the isolate's aggressiveness and the inoculation method on the results are discussed. 相似文献
12.
According to our previous investigations, resistance to Phytophthora capsid in Capsicum annuum genotypes, ‘Line 29’, ‘PI201232’, ‘PI201234’ and Serrano Criollo de Morelos 334 (‘SCM334’), seems to be controlled by three genes. In order to determine the genie relationships between these four sources of resistance, three experiments were conducted which included the four genotypes, their F1s, F2s, F3s and BC1 generations together with the susceptible pepper genotype ‘Morron INI A 224’. Inoculations were made, when plants had 4—6 leaves, by irrigating the culture substrate with a zoospore suspension of P. capsici isolate ‘Bl’. Though the four genotypes showed percentages of resistance close to a 100%, none of them actually reached this level in the three experiments. ‘SCM334’ was the most resistant genotype, transmitting a high level of resistance to its F1, F2 and BQ generations. ‘Line 29’ was more resistant than ‘PI201232’ and ‘PI201234’. However, the F1 F2 and BQ generations of these three lines showed similar degrees of resistance. The four genotypes seem to have one of the three genes postulated for their resistance in common. All genes displayed a similar level of resistance, except the specific genes of ‘SCM334’, the effect of which was slightly higher. Several working procedures are suggested for breeding programmes. 相似文献
13.
为培育抗疫病加工型辣椒品种,本研究利用花药培养与分子标记辅助选择(molecular assisted selection,MAS)相结合的方法将抗疫病材料PPTC54和PI201234的抗性基因导入优良自交系939、812、83-3、968和花培双单倍体(doubled haploid, DH) H12-11,进行抗疫病新种质创制的研究。结果表明,在5个加工型辣椒基因型中以(PPTC54×83-3) F1诱导出的胚状体成苗率最高,可达87.1%;流式细胞仪测定36个花培再生株的DNA含量分布,其中单倍体株数占80.6%;经PCR检测,筛选出14个抗疫病DH系,且聚合抗疫病基因的各株系间农艺性状存在差异。本研究说明结合花药培养与MAS可快速创制特异育种新种质,加速育种进程。 相似文献
14.
为筛选抗性种质资源,进行抗性品种选育和推广种植,利用苗期游动孢子灌根法对206份江西省地方辣椒材料进行抗病性鉴定,并初步分析不同时期材料的发病情况。研究结果表明,不同材料间的抗病性存在较为明显的差异,无论是病株率还是病情指数均有显著差异性,病株率在0~30.0%、30.1%~70.0%、70.1%~100%之间的材料分别为21、32、153份,占供试材料的10.19%、15.53%、74.27%;表现为高抗、抗病、中抗和感病的材料分别有15、17、23、151份,占供试材料的7.28%、8.25%、11.17%和73.30%;鉴定出的‘赣椒18号’‘、赣椒35号’、C047、WY38、CM334和A204等15份高抗材料是很好的抗疫病资源。分析供试材料在2次调查结果中的发病情况可知,材料间的发病速度(侵入和扩展)存在显著差异性。 相似文献
15.
辣椒疫霉菌(Phytophthora capsici)可对寄主植物产生致病性的毒素,使辣椒产生类似病原菌侵染引起的症状。将辣椒疫病病原菌粗毒素按10%,20%,30%,40%,50%,60%,70%,80%,90%,100%的体积比浓度,分别作用于未萌发和已萌发的辣椒种子,结果表明,辣椒疫霉菌粗毒素对辣椒种子发芽指数、辣椒幼苗株高、下胚轴长以及辣椒胚根的主根长、侧根长、侧根。数具有明显的抑制作用。通过主、侧根抑制率的比较,在同一浓度下,粗毒素对侧根的抑制作用大于主根。 相似文献
16.
水杨酸诱导辣椒抗疫病生化机制的研究 总被引:16,自引:3,他引:13
对水杨酸(SA)处理及其挑战接种辣椒疫霉菌的4个抗性不同的辣椒品系体内木质素含量和多酚氧化酶(PPO)、过氧化物酶(POD)、苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL)活性的测定结果表明:SA诱导的供试品系与未经诱导的相同品系相比,木质素含量增高,PPO、POD、PAL活性增强,其中木质素的含量与抗病性呈显著正相关;挑战接种后两者相比,SA处理的供试材料的木质素含量和PPO、POD、PAL活性的增强幅度更大,其中抗、耐病品系的增加早且增加幅度高于感病、高感品系。值得注意的是,经SA诱导的各供试品系接种后木质素含量与抗病性也呈显著相关。木质素含量与相关酶活性的上述变化趋势与SA对各品系的诱抗效果完全吻合。 相似文献
17.
18.
疫病病菌侵染后辣椒幼苗体内保护酶活性的变化 总被引:13,自引:1,他引:13
痰霉菌侵染后辣椒幼苗叶片和根茎组织中PPO、POD和PAL活性发生变化。试验表明:除感病品种根茎部固有的POD活性较高以外,抗(耐)病辣椒品种幼苗叶片的PPO、POD和PAL及根茎部PPO和PAL活性高于感病品种。痰霉菌侵染后,仅根茎部PPO活性略有下降,各辣椒品种幼苗叶片和根茎组织PPO、POD和PAL均在接种后一度显著高于对照。抗(耐)病辣椒品种幼苗根茎部PAL活性接种4d升幅大且早,抗(耐)病品种体内固有的PP0、PCD和PAL活性高,在辣椒抗疫霉菌反应中起了重要作用。 相似文献