造林工程造价全员参与控制方法研究

为有效提高造林工程资金的使用效率,对造林工程的造价需要有一个合理的控制,其目标是努力实现优良质量标准条件下的合理低价和造价构成最优化。造林工程造价控制是一项复杂的系统工程,必须做到全员参与控制,应协调好各个利益主体之间的利益关系,通过相应的制度设计寻找各个利益主体合理的结合点。目前,我国造林工程建设各相关主体对工程造价控制还没有引起足够重视,存在许多不协调的现象。为此,提出针对造林工程"项目法人制"、"代建制"、"限额设计"、"项目招投标"、"项目经理负责制"和"监理作用"为代表的全员参与造价控制方法。     

ORAL ADMINISTRATION OF PENICILLIN IN CORN OIL AND LANOLIN

Oral administration of penicillin suspended in equal parts of corn oil and lanolin extends the maintenance of the penicillin level in the system (as determined by urine bio-assay). Measurable quantities were found 24 to 42 hours after ingestion. Recovery of the penicillin is about five times higher than under administration in saline solution. We wish to express our sincere appreciation to the various members of our staff who volunteered as subjects for these experiments.     

农业院校教职工法律援助机制研究

分析了农业院校教职工在行政方面、民事方面、仲裁方面的法律援助的需求,将农业院校教职工法律援助机制存在的问题总结为农业院校职工法律援助的法律制度规定缺失、法律援助民间模式应用不足、法律援助机制缺少管理制度。探讨了农业院校职工法律援助制度运行机制的建立问题,强调完善农业院校教职工法律援助的相关法律规定,鼓励发展农业院校教职工法律援助的民间模式,建立规范教职工法律援助的管理规章制度。     

基于C/S结构的农业科研机构项目管理系统研发

通过对天津农科院及下属各研究所的项目管理流程分析,参照国内外的项目管理信息化方法和院所的具体情况,采用PowerBuilder9.0技术语音,开发出"基于C/S结构的农业科研机构项目管理系统"1.0版本。该系统实现项目主管部门和项目承担单位之间通过上传和下发进行信息对接,建立了包括项目立项、结题验收、成果管理、科技人员管理、论文著作、发明专利等方面的系统化管理,提高项目管理和服务水平。     

狠抓职工素质提升 强化办公室工作保障

办公室部门在一个单位中占据极端重要的地位。新时代做好农业科研单位办公室工作,必须以习近平总书记“五个坚持”为遵循,不断提升职工素质,培养创新思维,增强业务能力,组织协调能力和参谋助手能力。营造良性工作环境,完善管理机制,强化激励机制,改进办公方式,不断提升工作质量和效率。     

提高高校青年教师课堂教学质量的思考——以福建农林大学为例

随着我国高等教育规模实现跨跃式的发展,各高校专任教师的数量迅速增加,40岁以下的青年教师所占的比例越来越大,成为教学、科研一线的中坚力量。以福建农林大学为例,通过采集近两学年学生评教、督导评教、学生质量信息员等资料,分析了青年教师课堂教学质量现状、存在问题及原因,提出了提高青年教师课堂教学质量的有效措施。     

The university, industry, and cooperative research

Yale University intends to issue a statement of policy governing the nature and extent of university and faculty involvement in the commercial application of scientific research. This policy will be based on the university's principles of openness and free dissemination of ideas, and will recognize the need of profit-oriented companies to treat knowledge as private property. The university will continue to allow relationships between faculty members and commercial companies, even in arrangements involving university-based results, but a faculty member who goes beyond any reasonable definition of "consulting" may be asked to take an unpaid leave of absence or to sever his or her ties with the university. While a university should not ignore the potential availability of funds from commercial sponsors, neither should it be driven to arrangements that are not compatible with the norms and mission of the university.     

猪场沼液厌氧-好氧联合处理工艺的污染治理工程研究——基于德邦牧业生态能源区域的实证分析

介绍南昌大学系统工程研究所与江西德邦牧业有限公司合作开发的三沼综合利用工程建设示范工程,阐述德邦牧业沼液厌氧-好氧消化液的污染治理工程的工艺流程和运行效果。该工程将小流域内的猪场、农田、鱼饲料、板栗、苗木作为一个完整的生态经济系统,设计包括沼液3次沉淀过滤池、冬闲田开发、分流排灌的"猪-沼-稻"旱地"猪-沼-菜、猪-沼-红薯、猪-沼-鱼饲料、猪-沼-苗木"5个子工程的二次污染治理工程。这一系统工程的实施,确保了小流域内农民增收,粮食安全,冬闲田开发,治理成本集约,冬季供气稳定,种养循环经济发展。     

双因素理论在高校图书馆人力资源管理中的运用

将双因素理论运用于高校图书馆人力资源管理中,能有效地激励员工,提高管理效率;利用保健因素如提高待遇,完善分配制度,改善工作环境,营造平等的人际关系等有助于激发员工的工作热情,但其激励作用是有限的,更重要的是加强员工的内在激励,即按需设岗,竞争上岗,科学评价员工,为职工发展提供良好的平台和发展空间等;运用双因素理论,要了解馆员的需求,采用多样化的激励方式,建立保健因素和激励因素并重的机制。     

Hox10 and Hox11 genes are required to globally pattern the mammalian skeleton

Mice in which all members of the Hox10 or Hox11 paralogous group are disrupted provide evidence that these Hox genes are involved in global patterning of the axial and appendicular skeleton. In the absence of Hox10 function, no lumbar vertebrae are formed. Instead, ribs project from all posterior vertebrae, extending caudally from the last thoracic vertebrae to beyond the sacral region. In the absence of Hox11 function, sacral vertebrae are not formed and instead these vertebrae assume a lumbar identity. The redundancy among these paralogous family members is so great that this global aspect of Hox patterning is not apparent in mice that are mutant for five of the six paralogous alleles.     

Private groups enunciate "Baby Doe" principles

A group of nine organizations concerned with the rights and treatment of handicapped newborns has issued a statement of "Principles of Treatment of Disabled Infants." The statement reaffirms the rights of ill and disabled newborns and appears to preclude quality of life considerations in decisions concerning medical care. Interpretation of the principles varies among the signatories, however, with the American Academy of Pediatrics differing from the Association for Retarded Citizens in its construction of phrases such as "limited potential" and "clearly futile" surgery.     

企业员工职业压力源分析及干预对策研究

分析了企业职业压力源产生的主客观原因，阐述了职业压力已深度影响着企业员工的身心健康状况和工作效率，一方面适量的职业压力有利于员工调动内在资源来应对压力以达到身心和工作效率新的平衡，另一方面过度的职业压力则会导致员工心理和行为的不适，给身心和工作效率带来负面的影响，造成消极的平衡。研究缓解职业压力的对策已成为职业心理学一个重要的课题，本课题组成员在调研中获得了一些行之有效的方法，总结为文字以便在实践中推广。     

Evidence for a collective intelligence factor in the performance of human groups

Psychologists have repeatedly shown that a single statistical factor--often called "general intelligence"--emerges from the correlations among people's performance on a wide variety of cognitive tasks. But no one has systematically examined whether a similar kind of "collective intelligence" exists for groups of people. In two studies with 699 people, working in groups of two to five, we find converging evidence of a general collective intelligence factor that explains a group's performance on a wide variety of tasks. This "c factor" is not strongly correlated with the average or maximum individual intelligence of group members but is correlated with the average social sensitivity of group members, the equality in distribution of conversational turn-taking, and the proportion of females in the group.     

强化农技创新能力 拓展服务职能舞台

选取体系建设、农技培训、"一对十"对接服务模式、十大基地建设、农技推广新方法五个侧面,论述了示范县项目对农技创新工作的促进作用,展示了农技推广工作的新变化。     

塔里木大学住宅室内环境研究--建筑声环境

噪声对人体及生活等有很大的危害,塔里木大学现有学生宿舍楼12栋,教职工住宅楼20栋。通过调查研究,分析本校现有的宿舍楼及教职工家属楼室内声环境的基本情况及产生噪声的各种原因,提出相应的改进措施,为建筑室内声环境的提高和建筑的设计提供改进参考。并且在声环境方面通过具体的调查找出对振动和噪声的控制、解决方法,从而消除或适当的减少室内外噪声,以创造一个可接受的声学环境。     

延安市退耕还林工程生态效益评价

基于延安市1999-2019年退耕还林工程数据,依据《退耕还林工程生态效益监测评估技术标准与管理规范》和《森林生态系统服务功能评估规范》,选取净化大气环境、涵养水源、保育土壤、林木积累营养物质和固碳释氧等5个生态服务功能,使用市场价值法、影子工程法、机会成本法和替代法等对延安市退耕还林工程生态效益进行了评估。结果表明,延安市退耕还林工程年生态效益总价值量为173.10亿元,在5种生态功能中以涵养水源发挥的生态功能最大,约占生态效益总价值量的44.48%,积累营养物质发挥的生态功能最小,仅占总价值量的3.38%。不同植被恢复类型以退耕地还林生态效益最大,约占总生态效益的60.47%。不同树种的生态效益以刺槐林最大,约占总生态效益的54.70%。延安市退耕还林工程生态效益在空间分布上具有一定的差异性,以吴起县生态效益最高,整体呈现出北高南低的趋势。     

坚持“三农”方向突出地域特点打造特色品牌——从朝阳实际谈地方公共图书馆如何为“三农”服务

坚持为“三农”服务的方向,从朝阳市情实际出发,改革地方中小型公共图书馆的旧模式,提高图书馆人对“三农”的认识,建设以“三农”内容为主题的特色馆藏,倾心开拓为“三农”特色服务途径,打造图书馆特色品牌,为推动农村经济发展贡献力量。     

新形势下高校青年学生思想政治工作探索

新时期,国内外形势的新变化以及高等教育自身的改革与发展,对高校思想政治工作提出了新问题、新任务、新要求。做好新形势下的高校思想政治工作,必须牢固树立“以人为本”的思想,增强教育的实效性,使教育与制度建设有机结合,大力加强思想政治工作队伍建设,才能更好地发挥思想政治工作在高校改革、发展、稳定等方面的优势。     

Social research in international agricultural R&D: Lessons from the small ruminant CRSP

The uses of the most social of the social sciences—sociology and anthropology—in international agricultural research and development (R&D) have often been poorly understood. Drawing upon a decade of work by the Sociology Project of the Small Ruminant Collaborative Research Support Program, this article exemplifies how and where social scientists can and have contributed to major development initiatives, and it illustrates some of the larger lessons to be learned for human values concerns in international agriculture.The authors are all members of the Small Ruminant Collaborative Research Support Program's (SR-CRSP) Sociology Project, housed in the Department of Rural Sociology, University of Missouri-Columbia (UMC), Columbia MO 65211. They represent a core group of social scientists who have worked with the project since its inception. McCorkle is Research Assistant Professor and Project Coordinator. Nolan is Associate Dean of International Agriculture in the UMC College of Agriculture, Professor of Rural Sociology, and Principal Investigator on the project. Associate Professor Gilles is Co-principal Investigator on the project. Jamtgaard served as the project's Resident Scientist in Peru from 1982–1984 and is currently Assistant Professor in the Department of Sociology at Montana State University.     

Electromagnetic Separation of Isotopes at Oak Ridge: An informal account of history, techniques, and accomplishments

In 1960 I attended a European conference on isotope separation, after which I visited the Niels Bohr Institute in Copenhagen. A staff member there ventured the opinion that the separation of isotopes will be first on the list of important contributions to the peaceful uses of the atom when the Atomic Energy Commission's memoirs are written in the year 2000. In 1968 the AEC Division of Research contracted with the National Research Council of the National Academy of Sciences to conduct a review of the AEC program for the separation of stable isotopes by electromagnetic and thermal diffusion methods. This ad hoc panel comprised seven scientists from the fields of chemistry, classical physics, geochemistry, geophysics, medicine, and physics. In their final report on national uses and needs for separated stable isotopes (9), they referred to the store of separated isotopes as a "real national asset that attains increasing value as science and technology develop" and recommended "continuation of the program as a national resource of great value to the United States." Later, in a discussion of this report with A. M. Weinberg, J. Koch, himself a pioneer in electromagnetic isotope separation and member of the Danish Atomic Energy Program, said he would correct the statement that the Oak Ridge electromagnetic facility is a "national asset" to read "international asset." From my narrow viewpoint after an extended and complete engrossment with this program for so many years, it is gratifying to learn that such men as those mentioned above share my belief that the work has indeed been worthwhile.