不同栽培基质对红掌组培出瓶苗生长的影响

利用不同的栽培基质配比,探讨其对红掌组培出瓶苗在缓苗期和定植期生长的影响.结果显示:以草炭 珍珠岩 蛭石(2∶1∶1)处理的红掌组培苗缓苗期成活率最高,成苗快,幼苗健康;以草炭 珍珠岩 蛭石(2∶2∶1)处理的红掌组培苗定植期成活率高,叶片生长量、叶数增加量大,植株健壮,而其原料便宜,取材容易,可以作为红掌组培苗适宜的育苗基质.     

红掌组培苗移栽与养护技术的研究

本研究以红掌品种"亚利桑那"组培苗为试材,研究其在电控式纹络型聚碳酸酯中空板温室条件下,栽培基质配比、营养液及营养液浓度等一系列因子对红掌组培苗移栽成活和生长的影响.结果表明:红掌组培苗生长的最适栽培基质及配比为草炭:松树皮:蛭石=1:1:1;最佳营养液为含MS基本成分的营养液,最佳营养液浓度为0.12%;基质与环境水分的保持对组培苗的成活与生长至关重要;穴盘移栽时每穴栽双株比栽单株效果好.     

基于有机废弃物资源化利用的红掌栽培基质研制及效应研究

采用椰纤、腐叶土、松针等有机废弃物与草炭进行红掌栽培基质配比,从基质理化性状及生物学性状方面,探讨不同基质配比对红掌中、小苗生长的影响。从经济性、实用性、节约资源、保护环境出发,优选出盆栽红掌适宜基质配方及适宜基质理化指标以替代进口基质。结果表明:以国产草炭(GC)为主要原料与椰纤、腐叶土、松针、陶粒等有机废弃物进行复配的基质配方完全可以替代进口泥炭。优选出红掌小苗基质配方2个:L2(GC 60%+椰纤40%);L5(GC 70%+腐叶土30%)。红掌中苗基质配方3个:B2(GC50%+椰纤50%),B5(GC 50%+松针50%),B8(GC 80%+大陶粒20%)。并确定了盆栽红掌基质适宜理化指标:容重0.24~0.26 g/cm3,总孔隙度60%~70%,气水比0.15~0.17,pH值5.5~6.5,EC值小于500μS/cm为宜。     

铁皮石斛无土栽培基质的研制与优化

为筛选铁皮石斛组培苗的无土栽培基质,在温室内采用细锯末、苔藓、蛭石、松树皮配制成10种不同的栽培基质,栽培60 d后统计成活率;120 d后测定铁皮石斛苗在各基质中的生长指标。结果表明：铁皮石斛组培苗在细锯末∶松树皮∶苔藓=2∶4∶4的基质中成活率最高,移栽60 d时成活率达93.30%,植株高度达2.85 cm;移栽120 d后试管苗在细锯末∶松树皮∶苔藓=2∶4∶4的基质中平均株高12.49 cm、发根数量为8条、最长根系为3.49 cm,平均茎粗为0.93 cm、平均萌芽数为3个,且叶色浓绿、生长健壮,总体情况显著优于其他基质配比,为当地铁皮石斛组培苗栽培松树皮、锯末等废弃物的利用提供参考。     

不同基质对几种花卉组培苗移栽影响的试验研究

本试验通过对卡特兰、大花蕙兰、紫罗兰、新几内亚凤仙、捕蝇草、长寿花的组培苗移栽到不同的基质中,比较其成活率和长势,以期筛选出适宜各种花卉组培苗移栽的基质配方.结果表明:卡特兰组培苗最适宜移栽的基质为1/2苔藓 1/2砂子,移栽成活率高达100%;大花蕙兰组培苗最适宜移栽的基质为苔藓,移栽成活率达100%;非洲紫罗兰组培苗最适宜移栽的基质为蛭石,其成活率达到98%;新几内亚凤仙组培苗最适宜移栽的基质为1/2蛭石 1/2草炭,其移栽成活率为96.7%;捕蝇草组培苗最适宜移栽的基质为1/2椰绒 1/2珍珠岩,其移栽成活率达到100%;长寿花组培苗最适宜移栽的基质为1/3珍珠岩 2/3蛭石,其移栽成活率达到96.7%.     

玫瑰红景天组培苗生根技术研究

玫瑰红景天因其良好的医疗功效、保健效果深受国人喜爱，但是近年来由于人们随意挖采，玫瑰红景天野生资源已濒临灭绝，所以通过生物技术对玫瑰红景天种苗进行增殖就显得更加迫切。本试验以玫瑰红景天在实验室组培的无菌苗为试验材料，通过研究不同种类培养基对玫瑰红景天组培苗生根的影响、不同生长素种类和浓度对玫瑰红景天组培苗生根的影响、不同重量活性炭对玫瑰红景天组培苗生根的影响来探索红景天组培苗生根最佳培养基。通过研究不同开盖时间对玫瑰红景天组培苗移栽成活率的影响、不同移栽基质对玫瑰红景天组培苗移栽成活率的影响来探索最适合玫瑰红景天组培苗移栽基质配比。结果表明，最适合玫瑰红景天组培苗生根培养的培养基为：1/2MS+0.3mg/L IBA+0.3g/L AC，平均根长4.2cm、平均根条6.2条、生根率97%。最适合玫瑰红景天组培苗炼苗开盖时间为3d，移栽基质配比为有机基质︰蛭石=1︰1。     

“美登”蓝莓组培苗移栽技术研究

以"美登"蓝莓组培苗为试材,研究了不同基质、不同激素组合、不同移栽月份及不同温湿度环境条件等移栽技术措施对"美登"蓝莓组培苗室外移栽成活率、生根率及苗高的影响。结果表明:移栽基质以沙子+草炭土(1∶1)最佳;蘸取ABT1号500mg/L 30s情况下生根率达97.0%,9～10月移栽成活率高于其它月份,适宜的培养温湿度条件为温度25℃、湿度75%。     

番木瓜组培苗生根培养基及移栽基质的筛选

研究了不同植物生长调节剂的不同浓度与基本培养基配比对红妃番木瓜Carica papaya L.组培苗增殖芽生根及生长的影响,筛选出最适的增殖芽生根培养基为1/2MS+IBA 0.3 mg/L.对该培养基诱导生根的组培苗在不同移栽基质中的成活率及根生长情况进行了比较,结果表明,以蛭石、泥炭、河沙+泥炭及蛭石+泥炭(体积比均为1∶1)为基质的幼苗成活率在87%以上,均比以河沙为基质高,蛭石中根生长最佳.     

‘南月’蓝浆果实生优株组培苗瓶外生根研究

以南方高丛蓝浆果(V.corymbosum hybrids)品种‘南月’(Southmoon)实生优株A7、A18、A47、A119和A167增殖培养若干代的组培苗为试材,研究了不同优株组培苗的生根能力以及扦插基质I、BA浓度对组培苗瓶外生根的影响。结果表明:A18的生根率最高,为92.2%,A167的生根率最低,为83.6%;以苔藓为扦插基质时,组培苗的生根率较高,均达到88%以上;而在泥炭+珍珠岩(v∶v=1∶1)基质上生根苗的长势最好;当IBA浓度为1 000和2 000 mg/L,组培苗的生根率和生根苗的长势较IBA浓度为3 000 mg/L好。     

不同因素对红掌增殖系数的影响

以L7、 L8红掌品种的幼芽为材料,研究了不同外植体、不同激素组合、不同培养时间以及不同品种对红掌增殖系数的影响.结果表明:最佳外植体为短芽(≤1 cm);红掌L7增殖培养的最佳培养基:MS+6-BA(0.3 mg/L)+ KT(0.5 mg/L)+糖(35 g/L)+琼脂7.5 g/L,增殖系数达11.4倍.红掌L8最佳培养基为:1/2MS+6-BA(0.3 mg/L)+ KT(0.5 mg/L)+糖(35 g/L)+琼脂(7.5 g/L),增殖系数达15.9倍.最佳培养时间为100 d.     

Effects of radiation from 188Re on smooth muscle cell proliferation

AIM: Although endovascular radiotherapy inhibits neointimal hyperplasia, the exact alterations induced by β-particles irradiation remain to be elucidated. The objective of this study was to investigate the ability and the cellular mechanism of local β^-particles emission from ¹⁸⁸Re to inhibit vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs). METHODS: The SMCs in vitro were irradiated by ¹⁸⁸Re with single doses of 2.6 Gy-25.8 Gy. The effects of β-particles on SMCs, such as effective irradiate doses, the period of inhibition for SMCs proliferation, the changes of cell proliferation rate and DNA synthesis rate, cell cycle progression and related gene expression, were investigated by cell count, [³H]-TdR incorporation, cell cycle progression analysis, cell viability and immunocytochemistry, respectivecy. RESULTS: β-particles irradiation with dose of 5.2 Gy could inhibit significantly SMCs proliferation. At dose of 20.6 Gy DNA synthesis inhibitory rate was 92%, SMCs proliferation rate was only 3%. Renoval of ¹⁸⁸Re did not abolish the inhibitory effects of β-particles on SMCs proliferation. The expression of P53 was up regulation and PCNA was down regulation after irradiation. CONCLUSION: β-particles from ¹⁸⁸ Re was significantly effective and permanent in inhibiting SMCs proliferation, and inhibitory effect was in dose-dependet manner ED50was 5 Gy, the best dose to inhibit SMCs proliferation was 20 Gy. β-particles irradiation induced SMCs to occur G₀/G₁ arrest, damaged the ability of SMCs reproliferation and led to cell clonogenic death. P53 and PCNA had regulatiory effects on SMCs proliferation after β-particles irradiation.     

多效唑对猕猴桃离体试管苗生长及内源激素的影响

多效唑（ＰＰ３３３）处理猕猴桃试管苗，降低了其生长强度；植株体内的ＧＡ３、ＩＡＡ和ＺＴ含量下降，ＡＢＡ的含量上升，乙烯释放率增加；并且能降低外源的ＧＡ３和ＩＡＡ促进生长的作用，而外源的ＧＡ３和ＩＡＡ又能不同程度地逆转多效唑的抑制作用，使植株恢复生长。     

Proteomic analysis between pathological scars and normal skin

AIM: To investigate and screen the sensitive proteins in the formation mechanism of pathological scars by comparing the results of differential proteomic analysis between pathological scars and normal skin.METHODS: Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis was used to detect the protein expression profiles in 8 keloid patients, 8 hypertrophic scar patients and 3 matched normal skin patients.The proteins that showed differential expression of over 4-fold change were cut and analyzed by MALDI-TOF/TOF mass spectrometry.RESULTS: A two-dimensional protein profiling comparison between pathological scars and normal skin was successfully established.On average, 2 978 spots in keloid, 2 975 spots in hypertrophic scar and 3 053 spots in normal skin were identified using gel analysis software.Compared with normal skin, there were totally 36 differentially-expressed proteins in keloid and hypertrophic scar identified from the spots of over 4-fold change, including 16 proteins in both keloid and hypertrophic scar (8 up-regulated and 8 down-regulated), 11 only in keloid (9 up-regulated and 2 down-regulated) and 9 only in hypertrophic scar (4 up-regulated and 5 down-regulated).CONCLUSION: Proteomic analysis can identify the proteins with variance of pathological scars versus normal skin, thus providing probable new clues to reveal the formation mechanism of pathological scars.     

Coupling past management practice and historic landscape change on John F. Kennedy Space Center,Florida

Historic landcover dynamics in a scrubby flatwoods (Tel-4) and scrub landscape (Happy Creek) on John F. Kennedy Space Center were measured using aerial images from 1943, 1951, 1958, 1969, 1979, and 1989. Landcover categories were mapped, digitized, geometrically registered, and overlaid in ARC/INFO. Both study sites have been influenced by various land use histories, including periods of range management, fire suppression, and fire management. Several analyses were performed to help understand the effects of past land management on the amount and spatial distribution of landcover within the study sites. A chi-squared analysis showed a significant difference between the frequency of landcover occurrence and management period. Markov chain models were used to project observed changes over a 100-year period; these showed current management practices being effective at Tel-4 (restoring historic landscape structure) and much less effective at Happy Creek. Documenting impacts of past management regimes on landcover has provided important insight into current landscape composition and will provide the basis for improving land management on Kennedy Space Center and elsewhere.     

XBP-01 accelerated apoptosis induced by oxidized low density lipoprotein in vascular smooth muscle cells

AIM: Previous studies performed with XBP-01 in vitro indicated that XBP-01 could inhibit vascular smooth muscle cells from being transformed into foam cell and could eliminate the atherosclerotic plaque in C57BL/6J mouse. This experiment is to investigate its mechanism of eliminating plaques in vitro. METHODS: The cultured porcine artery smooth muscle cells incubated with XBP-01 of 0.1 mg/L for 24 h after preincubated with oxidized low density lipoprotein of 15 mg/L for 72 h in vitro. The samples were analyzed by fluorescence microscope, confocal microscope system and flow cytometry. RESULTS: Apoptosis was triggered by being incubated with oxidized low density lipoprotein and this process was accelerated additionally by being incubated with XBP-01. CONCLUSION: XBP-01 can be effective in eliminating atherosclerotic plaque by accelerating the process in which oxidized low density lipoprotein induced smooth muscle cell apoptosis.     

The effect of exposure on landscape scale soil surface temperatures and species distribution models

Species distribution models (SDMs) often use elevation as a surrogate for temperature or utilise elevation sensitive interpolations from weather stations. These methods may be unsuitable at the landscape scale, especially where there are sparse weather stations, dramatic variations in exposure or low elevational ranges. The goal of this study was to determine whether radiation, moisture or a novel estimate of exposure could improve temperature estimates and SDMs for vegetation on the Illawarra Escarpment, near Sydney, Australia. Forty temperature sensors were placed on the soil surface of an approximately 12,000 ha study site between November 2004 and August 2006. Linear regression was used to determine the relationship with environmental factors. Elevation was correlated more with moderate temperatures (winter maximums, summer minimums, spring and autumn averages) than extreme temperatures (summer maximums, winter minimums). The correlation (r ²) between temperature and environmental factors was improved by up to 0.38 by incorporating exposure, moisture and radiation in the regressions. Summer maximums and winter minimums were predominately determined by exposure to the NW and coastal influences respectively, while exposure to the NE and SW was important during other seasons. These directions correspond with the winds that are most influential in the study area. The improved temperature estimates were used in Generalised Additive Models for 37 plant species. The deviance explained by most models was increased relative to elevation, especially for moist rainforest species. It was concluded that improving the accuracy of seasonal temperature estimates could improve our ability to explain the patchy distribution of many species. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.     

Expression and significance of c-IAP2 and GAS1 in Hodgkin's lymphoma and anaplastic large cell lymphoma

AIM: To detect the expression of cytoplasmic inhibitor of apoptosis protein 2 (c-IAP2) and growth arrest-specific gene 1 (GAS1) in Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) and anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) and to investigate the role of two genes in the pathogenesis of HL and ALCL.METHODS: HE staining, the antibodies CD30, CD15, CD45RO and CD20 were used to screen the cases of HL and ALCL from 288 cases of lymphoma. The clarified HL and ALCL were subjected for immunohistochemical staining by SP and ABC methods to analyze the expression of c-IAP2 and GAS1. RESULTS: ①The positive rate of c-IAP2 in HL was 25/26(96.1%) while that in ALCL was 6/19(31.6%), there presented statistic significance between HL and ALCL groups(P<0.05), meanwhile the positive rate of GAS1 showed statistic significance between HL and ALCL groups(P<0.05). ②Two cases were showed to be a mixed type combined with large tumor cells of HL and relatively smaller tumor cells of ALCL.CONCLUSION: ①The different expression of c-IAP2 and GAS1 in HL and ALCL implied a different mechanism of oncogenesis and the different defects in the pathway of signal transduction of apoptosis in HL and ALCL;②Few cases showed an overlap and a likely transitional state between HL and ALCL; ③The different expressing manner of GAS1 and c-IAP2 in HL and ALCL implied the potential marks for the differential dignosis of two kinds of lymphoma.     

Effects of patch attributes, barriers, and distance between patches on the distribution of a rock-dwelling rodent (Lagidium viscacia)

We tested whether size of habitat patches and distance between patches are sufficient to predict the distribution of the mountain vizcacha Lagidium viscacia a large, rock-dwelling rodent of the Patagonian steppe Argentina, or whether information on other patch and landscape characteristics also is required. A logistic regression model including the distance between rock crevices and depth of crevices, distance between a patch and the nearest occupied patch, and whether or not there was a river separating it from the nearest occupied patch was a better predictor of patch occupancy by mountain vizcachas than was a model based only on patch size and distance between patches. Our results indicate that a simple metapopulation analysis based on size of habitat patches and distance between patches may not provide an accurate representation of regional population dynamics if patches vary in habitat quality independently of patch size and features in the matrix alter connectivity. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Inhibitory β-adrenergic receptor in heart

β₃-adrenergic receptor is the third subtype of β-adrenergic receptors. The genetic structure and pharmacological property of β₃-adrenergic receptor are markedly distinguished from β₁-and β₂-adrenergic receptor subtypes. Recently studies show that myocardial β₃-adrenergic receptor mediates negative inotropic effect through Gi-protein/NO/cGMP pathway, the expression of β₃-adrenergic receptor and negative inotropic effect mediated by β₃-adrenergic receptor are increased in heart failure. However, because of the low expression of β₃-adrenergic receptor in the heart, the actual pathophysiological significance of β₃-adrenergic receptor remains unknown.