南京市山羊球虫种类调查

为了了解南京地区山羊球虫种类,检查江宁,高淳,溧水和江浦四县随机采集的１２５头山羊粪样,球虫感染率为８１．６％（１０２／１２５）。查获１０种艾美耳球虫,即：阿氏艾美耳球虫（优势率为１２％）,阿撒他艾美耳球虫（１０．７５％）,山羊艾美耳球虫（１０．５％）,颗粒艾美耳球虫（２．２５％）,浮氏艾美耳球虫（７％）,克氏艾美耳球虫（２．５％）,雅氏艾美耳球虫（１３％）,小型艾美耳球虫（２１．２５％）,苍白艾     

北京地区山羊球虫种类调查

从北京地区800只山羊中采粪便样品147份,有98%的样品含有球虫卵囊,经鉴别为八种艾美耳球虫,对其卵囊的形态学特征进行了详细地描述。68%的样品含有2—4个种,17.6%的样品含有5—7个种。最流行的种是Eimeria arloingi(85.7%)和E.hirci(50.3%),常见种是E.alijevi(46.9%)、E.caprina(40.1%)、E.ninakohlyakimovae(35.4%)及E.christenseni(32.5%),较为罕见的种是E.jolchijevi(15.6%)和E.apsheronica(8.8%)。在样品中,卵囊数量上的优势种为E.arloingi(57.1%)、E.caprina(13.6%)、E.aljevi(8.6%)、E.christenseni(7.1%)、E.ninakohlyakimovae(5.0%)、E.hirci(3.5%)、E.jolchijevi(1.4%)及E.apsherenica(0.7%)。     

山羊和绵羊的球虫种类与形态

山羊和绵羊的球虫种类与形态彭德旺，杨延桂，葛兆宏，匡存林（江苏省泰州畜牧兽医学校）由干山羊（Ｃａｎｒａｈｉｒｃｕｓ）和绵羊（Ｏｖｉｓａｒｔ－ｅｓ）的某些艾美耳球虫卵囊在形态学上较为相似，早期曾被人们视为相同的种，其种名在山羊和绵羊间相互通用『’，’］...     

凤台县山羊球虫种类及感染情况调查

目的　为较全面了解凤台县山羊感染球虫的种类,进行了本调查。方法　采用饱和盐水漂浮、重铬酸钾培养等方法,对凤台县112头山羊粪样进行了检查。结果　山羊球虫感染率为94.64%(106/112)。共查获10种艾美耳球虫,即雅氏艾美耳球虫(Eimerianinakohlyakimovae);阿氏艾美耳球虫(E.arloingi);浮氏艾美耳球虫(E.fau-rei);小型艾美耳球虫(E.parva);阿撒他艾美耳球虫(E.ahsata);槌型艾美耳球虫(E.crandallis);颗粒艾美耳球虫(E.granulosa);克氏艾美耳球虫(E.christenseni);苍白艾美耳球虫(E.pallida)和山羊艾美耳球虫(E.caprina)。结论　当地山羊感染的艾美耳球虫的优势种为雅氏艾美耳、阿氏艾美耳、浮氏艾美耳和小型艾美耳球虫,在4个调查点这几种球虫所占的感染比例最大,分布广泛。     

安徽省山羊球虫种类调查

Levine(1985)在《兽医原生动物学》中记载了13种山羊球虫。国内洪凌仙，汪明，宋学林分别报道了厦门、北京、云南等地区奶山羊和山羊的球虫种类。安徽省在这方面调查甚少。1991年10月至1993年7月，我们对安徽省一些地区的山羊球虫种类进行了调查。     

重庆市荣昌地区山羊球虫的种类调查

对重庆荣昌县128只山羊的球虫感染进行调查，球虫检出率为80％，1－3月龄羔羊的球虫感染率97．3％以上，哺乳母羊的球虫感染率70．19％，球虫感染率比其它年龄的山羊（64．7％）高，羔羊因球虫病的死亡率达18．5％以上，本次调查共检出10种艾美尔球虫，即：克氏艾美尔球虫E.christensenj，艾丽艾美尔球虫E.alijevi，阿氏艾美尔球虫、E.arlingi、家山羊艾美尔球虫E.caprina、阿普艾美尔球虫E.apsheronica、羊艾美尔球虫E.caprovina和斑点艾美尔球虫E.punctata。在死亡的3月龄以下羔羊的肠内容物中发现大量的克氏艾美尔球虫和艾丽艾美尔球虫，表明在荣昌地区的山羊感染的球虫以克氏艾美尔球虫和艾丽艾美尔球虫的致病性最强。     

合肥地区山羊球虫种类及感染情况调查

本文采用饱和盐水漂浮、重铬酸钾培养和饱和蔗糖溶液漂浮等方法,对合肥地区3个调查点的100头山羊粪样进行了检查。结果表明山羊球虫感染率为94%;共查获11种艾美耳属球虫,即斑点艾美耳球虫(Eimeria punctata)、浮氏艾美耳球虫(E.faurei)、小型艾美耳球虫(E.parva)、克氏艾美耳球虫(E.chrustenseni)、苍白艾美耳球虫(E.pallida)、颗粒艾美耳球虫(E.granulosa)、山羊艾美耳球虫(E.caqrina)、槌状艾美耳球虫(E.crandallis)、阿氏艾美耳球虫(E.arloingi)、错乱艾美耳球虫(E.intricata)和马尔西卡艾美耳球虫(E.marsica)。同时本文还对山羊球虫感染情况与调查点、年龄和饲养方式的关系及优势虫种等进行了分析。     

陕西省某羊场简阳大耳山羊球虫感染情况调查及种类鉴定

为了解陕西省某简阳大耳山羊场球虫种类和感染情况,采集不同年龄段简阳大耳山羊新鲜粪便55份,用形态学方法并结合麦克马斯特虫卵计数法(McMaster's method)对该场简阳大耳山羊球虫进行种类鉴定和感染情况调查。结果表明,大耳山羊球虫总感染率为92.7%,其中3月龄~7月龄、10月龄~12月龄、3岁山羊球虫检出率分别为100%、90%和86.7%,各年龄段平均OPG值为3 300、1 050、854。共鉴定出8种山羊球虫,其中阿氏艾美耳球虫(Eimeria arloingi)、雅氏艾美耳球虫(E.ninakohlyakimovae)和艾氏艾美耳球虫(E.alijevi)为该羊场优势虫种。     

广西圈养山羊球虫种类和感染状况的调查

抽检广西12个县市751头山羊粪便,发现86.68%的粪样含球虫卵囊,经鉴定有10种艾美耳球虫(Eim eria),即阿氏艾美耳球虫(E.arloingi)、艾氏艾美耳球虫(E.alijevi)、阿普艾美耳球虫(E.aspherenica)、雅氏艾美耳球虫(E.ninakohlyakim ovae)、克氏艾美耳球虫(E.christenseni)、约氏艾美耳球虫(E.jolchijevi)、家山羊艾美耳球虫(E.hirci)、山羊艾美耳球虫(E.caprina)、苍白艾美耳球虫(E.pallida)和羊艾美耳球虫(E.caprovina)。对其形态进行了描述。95.01%(324/341)的阳性粪样为混合感染(含2～8种卵囊)。     

兔球虫疫苗的研究现状

兔球虫病是家兔最常见、危害最严重的疾病之一,国内外多采用抗球虫药物对兔球虫病进行预防和治疗。目前为止,我国还没有研制出商品化的兔球虫疫苗,国内外仅有少部分学者开展了兔球虫病疫苗的研究工作。主要对兔球虫疫苗活虫苗、亚单位苗、基因工程苗的研究进展进行综述,以期为兔球虫疫苗的相关研究提供参考。     

鳜鱼幽门盲囊球虫感染的病理组织学观察

对广东省某鳜鱼养殖场发生的一起以慢性死亡为特征的疾病进行了病理组织学诊断。在所取的4尾鱼中,3尾在幽门盲囊内发现严重的球虫感染,球虫在上皮细胞内寄生并释放,引起上皮细胞坏死,由此可诊断为球虫感染。这是国内首次鳜鱼球虫感染的报道,也是国内第一次在幽门盲囊内发现球虫感染。     

安哥拉山羊与本地山羊杂交试验

利用安哥拉山羊与当地土种山羊进行杂交改良，产绒量比本地羊增加两倍以上，有髓毛减少，绒毛增多。杂种羊具有耐粗饲、抗病力强，生长发育相对快等杂种优势。试验组比对照组成活率提高4．16个百分点，繁活率提高4．44个百分点。     

我国山羊业存在问题及对策

山羊可以提供肉、乳、绒、皮、毛等畜产品。具有较高的经济价值。因而山羊饲养业已引起世界各国的高度重视,成为保持畜牧业可持续发展的重要途径之一。但与此同时,山羊饲养业现状、环境问题以及各种各样的矛盾越来越制约着山羊养殖业的进一步发展,文章对我国山羊业发展中存在的问题进行分析,对未来发展对策进行探讨,以期为今后我国山羊业的发展提供思路与方法。     

羊成纤维细胞建系研究进展

本文总结了羊成纤维细胞建系及生物学特性检测技术,包括羊成纤维细胞原代、传代培养与纯化、冷冻保存与复苏、细胞活力测定、生长曲线、染色体分析、同工酶分析、微生物检测等,并回顾了体细胞技术已经取得的成就,展望其在我国现代畜牧业中的应用前景。     

波本杂交一代山羊生产肥羔的试验效果

选择3月龄左右的波本（波尔山羊与渝东白山羊）杂交一代羊20只,采用完全随机化试验设计,分成2个组,进行为期90d的肥育试验,观察波杂一代羊用作肥羔生产的效果。以活体重、胴体重、肌肉颜色、肋肉厚度为考察指标,结果显示肥羔肉等级介于良好级与优等级之间,表明波尔山羊与渝东白山羊杂交一代用作肥羔生产有良好的效果。     

波尔山羊胚胎移植技术的应用研究

用FSH－LH常规超排方法。共处理波尔山羊供体羊11只,5只成功,共获可用胚71枚,平均14．5枚,最高29枚;鲜胚移植受体母羊47只。FSH剂量在40IU左右可获较好的超排效果;超排季节在10月中旬是可行的。     

一例山羊胰阔盘吸虫病的诊治

胰阔盘吸虫病主要由胰阔盘吸虫寄生于牛、羊等反刍动物的胰脏及胰管内,引起机体的胰腺坏死或胰管阻塞的一类疾病。动物感染此病后,主要表现出消瘦、贫血、水肿及消化功能障碍等一系列临床症状。在本次诊治过程中,通过临床症状与病理剖解相结合的方式确定该病病原为胰阔盘吸虫。我们采用吡喹酮+氯氰碘柳胺+安乃近+林可霉素等四种药物对羊群进行驱虫,该养殖场的病情得到基本控制。     

The effects of diet and age on serum complement system activity in goat kids

Thirty new born male kids were allotted into three groups to evaluate the effects of diet and age on complement system activity in serum. After the colostrum feeding period, the control group (C) received a commercial milk replacer; the CLA group received 20 g/kg milk replacer DM of conjugated linoleic acid; and the GMK group was fed with goat milk. The kids were fed colostrum for 2 days and then either milk replacer or goat milk from days 3 to 60. Blood samples were taken at 1, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 days of age. The complement system activity was higher (P < 0.05) in the GMK group throughout the whole experiment through alternative pathway. C kids did not present complement activity at any time. CLA group complement activity was statistically higher than that of C kids from 30 to 60 days, through alternative pathways. In conclusion, the milk replacer formula should be reformulated because it did not induce any complement system activity in the first two months of life.     

Zona-free and with-zona parthenogenetic embryo production in goat (Capra hircus) — effect of activation methods, culture systems and culture media

Studies on parthenogenetic activation of oocytes are important to improve the efficiency of nuclear transfer as artificial activation of oocytes is an essential component of nuclear transfer protocol. The present study was carried out to investigate the effects of different activation methods, culture systems and culture media on in vitro development of zona-free and with-zona parthenogenetic embryos in goat. In case of zona-free parthenogenesis, there was a significant (p < 0.05) increase in cleavage rate and blastocyst yield when oocytes were activated by electrical pulse (76.29 ± 0.52% and 19.07 ± 0.39% respectively) than when Ca-ionophore was used for activation (63.45 ± 0.73% and 14.09 ± 0.65% respectively). The quality of blastocysts was evaluated by determination of cell number and by expression profile of pluripotent related gene Oct-4. No significant (p < 0.05) difference was found in quality of blastocysts produced by different activation methods. In culturing of zona-free parthenogenetic embryos, flat surface (FS) was proved to be the best system. A significant (p < 0.05) decrease in cleavage rate and blastocyst yield was found in Microdrop culture of zona-free embryos (43.67 ± 2.08% and 0.72 ± 0.72% respectively) in comparison to WOW of zona-free embryos (73.88 ± 1.70% and 15.51 ± 1.34% respectively) and FS of zona-free (75.14 ± 0.81% and 23.93 ± 2.71% respectively) as well as with-zona (72.16 ± 1.55% and 18.16 ± 0.68%) embryos. Zona-free flat culture system yielded significantly (p < 0.05) higher blastocyst rate than zona-free WOW system as well as with-zona flat culture system. The zona-free and with-zona parthenogenetic embryos were cultured in three different media — Research Vitro Cleave media from Cook® Australia (RVCL), Embryo Development Medium (EDM) and Modified Synthetic Oviductal Fluid (mSOF). In case of zona-free parthenogenesis, significant (p < 0.05) increase was found in blastocyst development rate in RVCL medium (18.61 ± 1.52%) than EDM (11.29 ± 0.77%) or mSOF (11.53 ± 1.86%). In case of with-zona parthenogenesis, RVCL medium and EDM were found superior to mSOF. The results of the study will be helpful to improve the efficiency of nuclear transfer in goat.